String theory,Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical

String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.     

Digging with ‘hands’: observations of food capture in the flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758)

ABSTRACT

Videofilms of a foraging flying gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans) were collected at Itaipu, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. Analysis revealed details of the use of anterior parts of the pectoral fins which act as digging ‘hands’ to access infaunal prey items that are subsequently captured by oral suction feeding. Each pectoral fin has two distinct sections articulated separately on the pectoral girdle. The digging ‘anterior pectoral fin’ mainly consists of segmented and flexible fin rays but has an anterior robust unsegmented ray that provides an edge to the ‘hand’, allowing penetration of the substratum. The huge ‘posterior pectoral fins’ are supported by unsegmented rays. Most digging episodes involved one ‘hand’ and consisted of 1–7 cycles of movement with frequencies 1.15–3.74 cycles s^?1. During a cycle, the ‘hand’ is moved forwards and medially above the substratum, then is twisted medially and simultaneously depressed so that the anterior unsegmented ray impacts and enters the substratum. The hand is then drawn backwards and laterally to disturb the substratum. To prevent upward pitching of the head during digging, the ‘posterior pectoral fins’ are both moved anteriorly and laterally to shift the centre of gravity forwards while the caudal and ?second dorsal fins continue to provide propulsive force.     

开放性辅导答疑机制的研究与实现

在简要分析了已有远程辅导答疑模式的基础上，提出了一种新型的开放性辅导答疑机制，对此答疑机制进行了分析，并进一步讨论了基于此机制的远程辅导答疑系统的设计与实现．     

复杂结构簇合物的新稠合规则

提出了计算复杂结构族合物价电子数 (NVE)的公式 ,并提出了应用该公式的几条规则 .同时 ,把公式与著名的Mingos稠合规则进行了简单的比较     

大学生对课外活动形式所持态度的调查与分析

体育课程不仅包括"课堂"教学,而且包括课堂外的各种教学活动。课外活动是体育课的必然延伸,在教师的指导下,有计划、有组织地开展好课外、校外体育活动,使学生具有体育锻炼的自觉性和自主锻炼的能力,是为学生终生体育打下基础的需要,是落实《全民健身计划》的需要。     

《图雅的婚事》：图雅的爱情救赎

影片《图雅的婚事》是导演由纯个人化表达向电影故事性转变的探索，因此更注重电影叙事表达和影像表意性。影片贴近于普通人的现实生活，表现真实的生活质感，赞扬人类面对无奈命运时自我救赎的乐观坚忍精神。     

神经网络自适应滤波器在故障诊断中的应用

分析了用自适应滤波器进行故障诊断的方法．针对该方法在计算上要花费大量时间、难于完成实时诊断任务的缺点，提出了用神经网络自适应滤波器来完成故障诊断的方法．神经网络有极快的运行速度，能很好地完成实时诊断任务．     

层流液柱吸收法测定气体在液相中的扩散系数

采用射流吸收的简捷方法，通过测定由Ｓｈｏｕｔｈｗｅｌｌ型孔板所产生的截面速度均匀的层流喷射液柱所吸收的气体量，由渗透理论所导出的模型，可计算出一定温度、压力下的微溶气体在液相中的分子扩散系数Ｄ。在温度为３０～４５℃的范围，测试结果与文献值吻合良好．     

试就猝死病例谈中老年教职工保健工作

本文报告5例心性猝死(3例为冠心病性猝死),年龄为39—69岁。认为冠心病是中老年教职工猝死的主要原因,因而提出学校对他们的保健重点应放在防治冠心病上。     

哲学家视野中的宇宙图景--雅斯贝尔斯与现代物理学

早期雅斯贝尔斯的现代物理学意识多半闭塞、片面,充满了"新""旧"物理学的无意义的陈词滥调.但是,后期雅斯贝尔斯紧跟时代的步伐,把握了现代物理学革命性发展中的真理内涵,最大限度地容纳了现代物理学理论的广度,为奠定新世界观的基础开辟了广阔的空间.尽管如此,雅斯贝尔斯始终是康德哲学的追随者,对他来说,现代物理学像所有科学一样有其自身的意义和界限.