从壮族汉文《大宅颂》与《智城碑》看大唐文化之南渐

武周时期壮族文人留下的《大宅颂》与《智城碑》，是大唐文化与岭南文化之伟大结晶。本文从两碑及六舍坚固大宅遗址看武周时期大唐文化对南方文化之渗透与施及，以窥视唐王朝羁縻制度、儒家思想、建筑艺术及文体风格等对于岭南文化的影响，从而了解唐王朝之盛大及文化发展之规律和意义。     

龙王山落叶阔叶林濒危植物缀块的生态分析

调查了浙江安吉龙王山落叶阔叶林,重点分析了以濒危植物银缕梅（Ｓｈａｎｉｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｕｂｑｕａｅｌｅ）、香果树（Ｅｍｍｅｎｏｐｔｅｒｙｓｈｅｎｒｙｉ）和鹅掌楸（Ｌｉｒｉｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅ）为代表的三个缀块的生态特点。结果表明：１）１００ｍ２的面积中有植物４７～７０种;２）在这些植物中,５１％～６８％具鲜艳花被,６０％～７４％具小花冠,７６％～８７％有花序结构;３）繁育系统以两性花为主（４８％～６４％）、单性花为辅（３２％～３４％）,孢子繁殖的较少（２％～２０％）;４）果实类型中,５４％～６０％为干果类,２５％～４０％为肉果类。作者认为,龙王山落叶阔叶林生物多样性相当丰富,昆虫、鸟类等动物在传粉和种子散布等方面起着重要作用。在此基础上还分析了三个缀块的动态及濒危植物的命运,提出了该地生物多样性保护的若干问题。     

对生态系统及生物多样性等理论问题的探讨

在简述生态系统基本特征的基础上，对生态系统是非平衡系统，是典型的耗散自组织系统进行论述；并对系统有序、无序、混沌状态的概念和相关关系及渐变、突变、分岔的区别作解释。阐述生命自组织的基本特性及新种的形成过程，同时用熵值作为生物多样性评价指标，证明了一个系统的熵值增加，物种多样性就丰富，熵值减少，物种多样性就较差。笔还就生物多样性与生态系统的稳定性问题进行了讨论，认为生物多样性与生态系统的稳定性没有必然的联系。     

生物多样性的成因及保护策略

本文从认识生物多样性的现状和价值出发，分析了产生生物多样性的三个原因，探讨了生物多样性产生的机制，并提出了保护生物多样性的基本策略。     

生物多样性熵值测度指标的应用与分析

以一般生物多样性指标为基础．对熵值测度指标进行了研究,用熵值及其他多样性指标分析评价了新疆克拉玛依荒漠植被的生物多样性。结果表明,熵值测度指标与一般生物多样性指标在机理上有对应性,不仅可作为物种多样性、生态优势度、物种丰富度的优良评价指标,而且可以说明系统的物种对系统的贡献大小及其演化方向。     

松花江三湖湿地生物多样性评价

从物种多样性和生态系统多样性角度对松花江三湖湿地生物多样性进行了评价,评价总分为70.5分,结果表明,该湿地范围内生物多样性较好.     

天目山自然保护区生物多样性的熵值测度研究

说明了生态系统是典型的热力学开放系统,并具有耗散结构的特征,阐述了生物多样性的热力学熵机理.在此基础上提出了生物多样性的两个熵值测度指标,并分析了各指标的含义、两指标间的相互关系及其与传统测度指标机理上的对应性.用天目山自然保护区典型样地调查数据进行了验证,验证结果与生物多样性的熵值分析机理相一致.通过对比分析,笔者认为传统生物多样性测度指标没有考虑群落中各种群在个体数量上的绝对差异对生物多样性的影响,从而提出了生物多样性的熵值改进方法,并分析了与熵值测度指标密切相关的几个关键性问题及影响天目山群落生物多样性的主要原因.     

Invertebrate communities,sediment parameters and food availability of intertidal soft-sediment ecosystems on the north coast of British Columbia,Canada

ABSTRACT

The Skeena River estuary supports commercial and culturally important salmon fisheries. However, considerable development has occurred in the area, and more has been proposed. If anthropogenic development degrades this critical habitat, the Skeena salmon run, that every year contributes $110 million to local economies, may be negatively impacted. Benthic invertebrates are common indicator species, as they often respond to disturbances before commercial species, warning of potential impacts. Unfortunately, invertebrates in the Skeena estuary have not been extensively studied, and we lack the detailed understanding of their community structure and dynamics for them to serve as indicator species in this region. Therefore, present conditions of the Skeena estuary are established here (invertebrate community, sediment conditions and food availability), in order to provide the data required both to anticipate changes associated with potential anthropogenic disturbances and to detect changes in this system if development occurs.     

Organisms using Phragmites australis are diverse and similar on three continents

ABSTRACT

Common reed (Phragmites australis) is one of the most widely distributed, most abundant, and best-studied vascular plants worldwide but there has been no broad comparison of reed-associated biota on different continents. A survey of observational data on (mostly terrestrial) organisms using P. australis reedbeds revealed diverse biotas and some strong relationships to Phragmites in North America, Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa. I present examples for a selected group of 29 habitat functions (i.e., features of the reed plant or reedbed used in particular ways by groups of organisms). These functions include animals eating certain parts of reed, birds roosting in reedbeds, and insects mining within reed leaf blades. The diversity of reed users (associated species) and the similarities in habitat functions in biogeographically distinct world regions suggest a fundamental character of reed ecological relationships related to the large size, extensive stands, high productivity, deep litter layers, and other traits of reed. The data also underline the general importance of reed for biodiversity support, although on all three continents reed is considered desirable or undesirable depending on the site character and management goals. Managers can consider reed habitat functions and user guilds to prioritise and design management approaches and predict outcomes of conservation, management, or other environmental changes affecting reedbeds and their users, whether native or introduced, over-abundant or under-abundant.     

我国森林生物多样性的保护现状与展望

森林是陆地生态系统中生物多样性最丰富的地方。１９９３年底，我国共建立了以森林生态系统及野生动植物为主要保护对象的自然保护区５５１个，面积１７６６．８万公顷。同时，还建立了一批具经营和保护双重功能的森林公园和风景名胜区。本文在全面分析我国森森资源现状和分布特点的基础上，论 自然保护区、森林公园和风景名胜区对森林生物多样性的保护，对今后我国森林生物多亲性的保护提出了展望。