聚合物NHS酯结合蛋白的研究

将自制的聚合物NHS酯[1]涂于聚苯乙烯试管或小球表面获得能与蛋白共价结合的功能材料.研究了不同功能材料与蛋白结合的各种条件:反应温度,反应时间,介质pH值以及蛋白的种类对结合的影响.实验证实,这种功能材料对蛋白的结合量大于1.5×10-6g/mm2,对蛋白的一次吸附率大于80%,能满足固相放免分析的要求.     

GIS,RS和GPS支持下的精确施肥理论技术及展望

以精确农业为背景，在分析了“土壤-作物-养分”间的复杂关系的基础上，概括了信息技术(RS，GIS，GPS)、生物技术、机械技术和化工技术支持下的精确施肥模型。详细阐述了以遥感(RS)技术支持为主体的土壤数据和作物营养实时数据采集技术；全球定位系统(GPS)支持下的空间数据采集和控制施肥技术；地理信息系统支持下的施肥综合决策系统。探讨了当前精确施肥技术理论的进步与不足，并为结合中国国情发展精确施肥作了探索。     

近亲游仆虫接合生殖的研究

应用蛋白银染色方法和扫描电子显微镜技术研究了近亲游仆虫的接合生殖过程。并对接合生殖过程中皮层的两次演化,大、小核的不同变化,新、老结构的关系和老结构的命运等进行了讨论。     

Spectral analysis of phylogenetic data

The spectral analysis of sequence and distance data is a new approach to phylogenetic analysis. For two-state character sequences, the character values at a given site split the set of taxa into two subsets, a bipartition of the taxa set. The vector which counts the relative numbers of each of these bipartitions over all sites is called a sequence spectrum. Applying a transformation called a Hadamard conjugation, the sequence spectrum is transformed to the conjugate spectrum. This conjugation corrects for unobserved changes in the data, independently from the choice of phylogenetic tree. For any given phylogenetic tree with edge weights (probabilities of state change), we define a corresponding tree spectrum. The selection of a weighted phylogenetic tree from the given sequence data is made by matching the conjugate spectrum with a tree spectrum. We develop an optimality selection procedure using a least squares best fit, to find the phylogenetic tree whose tree spectrum most closely matches the conjugate spectrum. An inferred sequence spectrum can be derived from the selected tree spectrum using the inverse Hadamard conjugation to allow a comparison with the original sequence spectrum. A possible adaptation for the analysis of four-state character sequences with unequal frequencies is considered. A corresponding spectral analysis for distance data is also introduced. These analyses are illustrated with biological examples for both distance and sequence data. Spectral analysis using the Fast Hadamard transform allows optimal trees to be found for at least 20 taxa and perhaps for up to 30 taxa. The development presented here is self contained, although some mathematical proofs available elsewhere have been omitted. The analysis of sequence data is based on methods reported earlier, but the terminology and the application to distance data are new.     

Mutational effect of the “- 35” element of sorghumpsbA gene promoter

Mutations of the first position T and the third position G in TTGACA, the " - 35" element of sorghum psbA gene promoter, were induced using chemically synthesized 20 nt oligonucleotide primer. Three mutants were produced: ATTACA, GTGACA, and ATGACA. Then the protein binding affinity of the mutants and the wild type sorghum psbA gene promoter was tested in a spinach chloroplast protein extract system. Gel retardation assay of the wild type showed a strong protein-binding band. On the other hand, the protein-binding band of the mutant resulting from single base mutation, ATGACA or GTGACA, showed reduced intensity, while that of the mutant resulting from double base mutation, ATTACA, showed increased intensity. It is thus shown that the " - 35" element plays an important role in controlling the binding between psbA gene promoter and the specific chloroplast proteins; mutation of a single base may exert a substantial influence on the binding affinity.     

多壁碳纳米管氧化改性及其对酚类吸附性能的研究

针对目前有机废水(尤其是酚类废水)污染严重的问题, 通过混酸氧化法对多壁碳纳米管(multi-walledcarbon nanotubes, MWCNTs)进行氧化改性(MWCNT-O), 并研究其改性前后对苯酚、对甲苯酚、对甲氧基苯酚、对羟基苯甲醛和对硝基苯酚5种典型酚的吸附作用。结果表明: 298 K下, 与未改性的MWCNTs相比,MWCNTs-O对5种酚类物质的吸附量均有提升。5种酚类物质在MWCNTs-O表面的吸附量有差别, 顺序为对硝基苯酚>对甲氧基苯酚>对羟基苯甲醛>对甲苯酚>苯酚。吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温方程, 主要为单分子层化学吸附。对MWCNTs-O进行表面官能团测试、透射电镜分析和拉曼光谱分析, 发现氧化改性后材料表面的酸性含氧官能团增多, 缠绕度降低, 整体分散性增强, 石墨化程度有所提升。通过研究分子结构与吸附量之间的关系, 发现吸附量与酚类物质的电子能量(electronic energy, EE)有显著的相关性, MWCNTs-O表面垂直的π电子和酚类物质的π电子形成π-π共轭作用。因此, EE 可以作为酚类物质在MWCNTs-O表面平衡吸附量的预测性指标。     

表达FLP重组酶pCEP4-FLP载体的构建及其在FLP/FRT重组系统中的应用

构建重组载体pCEP4-FLP和pEF1a-FRT-stop-FRT-GFP,重组载体pEF1a-FRT-stop-FRT-GFP瞬时转染PK-15细胞24h后,再将重组载体pCEP4-FLP瞬时转染该细胞,利用荧光显微镜观察PK-15细胞GFP蛋白的表达情况,利用细胞流式技术统计绿色荧光蛋白表达效率.结果表明:重组载体pCEP4-FLP在细胞内能够表达FLP重组酶,并且表达的FLP重组酶能够识别FRT位点,删除两同向FRT位点间的DNA片段,为FLP/FRT位点特异性重组系统在转基因猪的应用奠定了基础.