SARS冠状病毒的系统发育基因组研究

对SARS冠状病毒(SARS Coronavirus,SARS-CoV)进行了系统发育基因组研究.应用CLUSAL-X1.83程序,将来自GenBank数据库的全部102条SARS-CoV全基因组序列记录做多序列联配,然后采用MEGA3软件包进行系统发育基因组分析,使用邻接法构建系统发育树.根据该系统树,SARS-CoV全基因组记录可以分为2类.第1类包括2个来源于动物的分离株;第2类则覆盖了所有的人源分离株,并且可进一步分为2组,其中第1组包括5个来自于广东省的分离株,而第2组则覆盖了其他的来自于香港、内地和海外的分离株.这一分支格局代表了SARS-CoV从兽到人、从广东到全球的传播过程,并且基因组的替代变异幅度在传播过程中由大到小,逐渐稳定下来.还详细地给出了区分上述2群和2组的分子标签,为新毒株的鉴定和分型提供了理论依据.     

SARS冠状病毒N蛋白的表达及二级结构预测分析

通过RT-PCR获得SARS冠状病毒N蛋白基因，分别克隆到原核表达载体pET21a，pET32a和pGEX-4T-1中，将3种重组质粒pET2la-N，pET32a-N和pGEX-4T-1-N分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)，经IPTG诱导，细菌中分别表达出约46kD的重组N蛋白、约60kD的6xHis-N融合蛋白和约70kD的GST-N融合蛋白，表达量分别达总蛋白的45％、40％和30％．进一步的分析表明：6xHis-N融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中为可溶性表达，该可溶性组分占细菌裂解液的70％左右，且能被6xHis抗体所识别．用蛋白分析软件对N蛋白进行了序列分析和二级结构预测．SARS冠状病毒N蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效可溶性表达，有助于进一步结晶后进行X射线晶体衍射分析其结构与功能．     

Dissection of SARS Coronavirus Spike Protein into Discrete Folded Fragments

Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), which is the causative agent of the atypical pneumonia, was first identified in the fall of 2002 to be a previously unknown member of the family of coronaviruses[1]. The rapid transmis…     

现有病毒疫苗用于防治新冠肺炎的可行性分析

新冠肺炎的爆发严重危害人类健康和公共卫生安全,已引起全球范围内的高度关注。预防病毒性疾病最有效的措施是接种疫苗,但是目前还没有专门针对新型冠状病毒的疫苗。考虑到疫情的严重性,对同为RNA病毒的流感病毒、其他冠状病毒相关疫苗的研究进行了综述,并通过对这些病毒氨基酸水平的序列比对发现,新冠病毒的棘突糖蛋白与H1N1、H3N2、B型Victoria系和B型Yamagata系流感病毒的血凝素糖蛋白之间具有一定的相似性。由于血凝素糖蛋白是目前商用流感疫苗的主要作用靶点,因此推测,现有季节性商用流感疫苗在新冠肺炎的防控方面可能也具有一定的应用潜能。除此之外,由于新冠病毒与SARS冠状病毒的棘突糖蛋白和核蛋白之间均具有高度的相似性,而SARS冠状病毒疫苗又主要从上述两种蛋白研制而来,因此建议在短期内,可以将目前正在研制的SARS冠状病毒疫苗作为新冠病毒特效疫苗的替代物来使用。     

SARS相关冠状病毒及与动物冠状病毒的关系

比较了6株人、5株禽、4株鼠、7株牛、2株猫、9株猪、4株犬和5株人非典型肺炎共42株冠状病毒S糖蛋白基因序列。DNAstar软件比较表明，人冠状病毒S基因核苷酸序列同源性介于27．2％～99．5％；禽的介于81．5％～100％；鼠的介于79．5％～89．6％；牛的介于97．7％～100％；猫的介于56．2％～93．9％；猪的介于54．8％～100％；犬的介于64．9％～98．8％；人非典型肺炎病毒的介于99．9％～100％。非典型肺炎冠状病毒与所有比较的42株序列的同源性均低于30．8％，预示该病毒似乎不是其它病毒株变异进化的结果，而是人类和畜禽从未接触过的一种新型病毒。     

SARS冠状病毒基因片段变异分析

采用基因序列和生物信息分析法，研究了SARS-CoV复制酶基因中4个片段。结果发现，片段Ⅰ与已报道的SARS冠状病毒ZJ01有2个位点不同，片段Ⅲ与CUHK-W1、CUHK-Su1O、HKU-39849和Hong-Kong各有1个位点的差别；片段Ⅳ与GZ01间有1个位点的变化。同时对已公布的17个全基因组序列进行比对分析。可找到共137个变异位点，其中仅出现1次的变异位点119个，间约信息位点18个。     

SARS病毒E基因的克隆及原核表达

为了得到纯的SARS-CoV E蛋白以进一步研究其功能,通过Touch-down PCR程序,从SARS-CoV WHU cDNA(pMD18-T载体)文库中扩增了E基因,构建了重组质粒pGEX-E,并在Ecoli DH5α中进行了原核表达。SDS/PAGE及Western blot结果表明SARS病毒E蛋白的分子量约5 kDa,较预测的略小,并进一步分析了这种现象产生的可能原因。     

Genome sequence variation analysis of two SARS coronavirus isolates after passage in Vero cell culture

SARS coronavirus is an RNA virus whose replication is error-prone, which provides possibility for escape of host defenses, and even leads to evolution of new viral strains during the passage or the transmission. Lots of variations have been detected among different SARS-CoV strains. And a study on these variations is helpful for development of efficient vaccine. Moreover, the test of nucleic acid characterization and genetic stability of SARS-CoV is important in the research of inactivated vaccine. The whole genome sequences of two SARS coronavirus strains after passage in Vero cell culture were determined and were compared with those of early passages, respectively. Results showed that both SAPS coronavirus strains have high genetic stability, although nearly 10 generations were passed. Four nucleotide variations were observed between the second passage and the llth passage of Sinol strain for identification of SARS inactivated vaccine. Moreover, only one nucleotide was different between the third passage and the 10th passage of Sino3 strain for SARS inactivated vaccine. Therefore, this study suggested it was possible to develop inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV in the future.     

SARS-CoV棘突蛋白片段在E.coli中的表达及免疫活性分析

SARS-冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)棘突蛋白(Spike,S)是构成病毒包膜突起的主要成分,属于型膜糖蛋白,全长1255aa,在病毒入侵宿主细胞中起重要作用.本文利用生物信息学技术,界定冠状病毒SARS-CoVS蛋白的抗原决定区域,通过PCR扩增相应片段,克隆至原核表达载体pET-H,得到四个重组质粒pET-HS1、pET-HS3、pET-HS4、pET-HS5.经序列测定证实后,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导获得表达,产物经紫外薄层扫描显示目的蛋白占菌体细胞总蛋白量的20%~30%.经Westernblot检测,表达蛋白与恢复期SARS病人血清呈高反应原性.纯化相应蛋白免疫小鼠,所获抗血清效价达1∶3×103.与SARS诊断试剂反应呈阳性,这一工作将为进一步研究S蛋白的定位、功能及SARS诊断提供帮助.     

Infection of SARS-CoV on juvenile and adult Brandt’s vole Microtus brandtii

We studied the infectious effect of SARS-CoV virus on juvenile and adult Brandt‘s Vole (Microtus brandtii) by nasal cavity spraying method (CCIDso is 10^5.7). SARS virus caused serious deaths in adults. The death adults demonstrated hemorrhage from mouth, nasal cavity and intestine, hemorrhageious interstitial pneumonia and gore in liver, spleen and kidney. The survival adults demonstrated local hemorrhagic spot in lung and emphysema, but the other organs showed no pathological abnormality. SARS virus caused no deaths in juveniles, but locomotion of infected juveniles became slower. In the early stage, there was local pneumonia in lung and SARS viruses were isolated from the pathological tissue. Only one control juvenile lived and the infected juvenile showed local pneumonia in lung. The results demonstrated that SARS-CoV infected Brandt‘s vole seriously and adults were more susceptive to SARS-CoV than juveniles. The Brandt‘s vole may be a potential animal model for SARS research.