汉诺坝下地壳-上地幔包体的岩石圈热动力学记录

对汉诺坝含石榴石下地壳-上地幔包体中主要矿物核部至边部的化学组成进行了详细的电子探针分析. 核部至边部的温度-压力变化表明麻粒岩包体记录了增温、增压作用; 核部温度>930℃的地幔包体表现出降温、降压特征, 核部温度<930℃的地幔包体的温度-压力变化不明显. 这些包体记录的最终压力主要为0.9~1.5 GPa. 个别麻粒岩包体向榴辉岩相过渡的岩石学特征可能属于增温、增压过程中麻粒岩向榴辉岩转变的中间产物. 综合已有研究, 我们认为这些包体记录的温度-压力变化反映了它们被玄武岩捕获前经历的一次重要的岩石圈减薄作用及之前的岩石圈加厚作用.     

走出现代地学研究的时空困境

现代地学研究面临着时间不可逆和空间不可及的困难。从地学哲学的角度，就地学认识过程和地学研究方法进行重新思考，是从观念上解决时空难题的重要途径。     

利用大地热流估算松辽盆地岩石圈深度

利用大地热流进行大面积岩石圈深度计算 .在利用地震波速换算岩石生热率和收集岩石热导率的基础上 ,计算了北纬 39°～ 4 9° ,东经 112°～ 131°范围的岩石圈深度 .结果表明 ,区内岩石圈深度变化较大 ,呈现北深南浅 ,西深东浅的特点 ,东西过渡带位于大兴安岭重力梯度带上 ,而大庆附近地区岩石圈局部变化较为激烈 ,变幅达 70km .     

辽东半岛煌斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其对中国东部岩石圈减薄开始时间的制约

中国东部在中生代期间发生了大规模的岩石圈减薄已是不被争论的事实, 但关于岩石圈减薄开始的时间, 目前还缺乏应有的资料. 辽东半岛位于华北克拉通的东部, 是研究中国东部中生代岩石圈减薄事件的重要地区之一. 本次工作对辽东铧子裕菱镁矿矿区侵入于早元古代辽河群大石桥组菱镁矿矿层中的煌斑岩脉岩群开展了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年和地球化学初步研究. 结果表明, 这些煌斑岩脉是在晚侏罗世(155±4 Ma)侵位的, 并具有钾质岩浆的地球化学特征. 目前初步认为, 中国东部岩石圈减薄发生在晚中生代, 且在130~120 Ma的早白垩世达到高潮. 考虑到富钾镁铁质岩浆活动是岩石圈开始减薄的标志, 因此, 本次年代学工作所发现的辽东地区晚侏罗世钾质煌斑岩脉岩群, 可能暗示岩石圈开始减薄发生在晚侏罗世.     

华北晚中生代变质核杂岩构造及其对岩石圈减薄机制的约束

变质核杂岩是华北地区晚中生代岩石圈伸展与减薄的重要产物，以辽南、瓦子峪（医巫闾山）、云蒙山等为代表的变质核杂岩具有各自的特性与共性：运动学极性、几何学不对称性、形成时间的跨越性、不分布均匀性和规模的级序性. 变质核杂岩所具有的众多特点，直接为讨论区域岩石圈伸展与减薄过程提供重要约束，揭示出许多与现有盛行的地幔柱、拆沉作用、加厚造山带地壳伸展垮塌等成因模式相驳的证据. 文中提出建立完善的区域岩石圈伸展与减薄模型，必须考虑到岩石圈深部的极性运动（或单向剪切）、岩石圈板块破坏的渐进性发展、伸展作用岩浆作用关系，以及变质核杂岩发育与郯庐断裂的同时活动性.     

Thermodynamic evolution of lithosphere of the North China craton： Records from lower crust and upper mantle xenoliths from Hannuoba

Lithospheric thinning in East China attracts much attention of geologists. In many cases where a lithospheric thinning is inferred, the trigger for instability is a preced-ing episode of crustal thickening by the continental colli-sion[1]. Lithospheric processes (e.g. lithospheric thinning) could be recorded by the thermal history of the lower crustal and upper mantle xenoliths. Xu et al.[2] suggested that the cooling (from >1200 to 850℃) recorded by spinel harzburgite from Northeast China …     

西昆仑及邻区岩石圈动力学特征

地球物理资料显示西昆仑地区岩石圈的结构具"厚壳薄幔"特征,热模拟结果表明莫霍面温度偏高;对西昆仑及邻区的重力和地形数据反演推算的岩石圈有效弹性厚度小,说明岩石圈的强度低,有利于均衡调整和快速隆升.研究表明西昆仑地区岩石圈的结构特征、热状态、应力场和岩石圈的强度等动力学因素是相互耦合的.     

Study on crustal, lithospheric and asthenospheric thickness beneath the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas

Based on the results of pure dispersions of Rayleigh wave tomography in the Qinghai-Tlbet Plateau and its adjacent areas, tsklng S wave velocities from previous linear inversion as the initial model, using the simulated annealing algorithm, a nonlinear simultaneous inversion has been carried out for S wave velocity and thickness of different layers, including the crust, the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. The results indicate： The crustal thickness shows strong correlation with geology structures sketched by the sutures and major faults. The crust is very thick in the Qinghal-Tibet Plateau, varying from 60 km to 80 kin. The Ilthospherlc thickness in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Is thinner （130-160 kin） than Its adjacent areas. And two blocks can be recognized, divided by an NNE strike boundary running between 90°E-92°E inside the plateau. Its asthenosphere is relatively thick, varies from 150 km to 230 kin, and the thickest area is located in the western Qiangtsng. India has a thinner crust （32-38 kin）, a thicker lithosphere of 190 km and a rather thin asthenosphere of only 60 kin. Sichuan and Tarlm basins have the crust thickness less than 50 kin. Their Iithospheres are thicker than the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and their asthenospheres are thinner. A discussion has been made on the character and formation mechanism of the typical crust-mantle transition zone in the western Qiangtsng block.