五代同堂 三大运动——嵩山世界地质公园

嵩山地质公园位于河南省西北部,面积464km2,出露太古宙、元古宙、古生代、中生代和新生代"五代同堂"的地层剖面,沉积岩、火成岩和变质岩三大岩类齐全,由三个地层不整合面反映的前寒武纪三次地壳构造运动的存在,使嵩山成为一部地学百科全书.嵩山是25亿年前的嵩阳运动,18亿年前的中岳运动后和5.43亿年前的少林运动的命名地.     

5．3亿年前海洋生物景观图

2004年2月20日 ,2003年度国家科学技术奖励大会在人民大会堂举行。“澄江动物群与寒武纪大爆发”研究成果荣获“2003年度国家自然科学奖”唯一的一等奖。该项成果是由中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所陈均远教授、云南大学侯先光教授和西北大学舒德干教授合作近20年共同完成的。该项目一系列化石的发现 ,不仅为“寒武纪大爆发”突变事件的存在提供了依据 ,证明了门一级高级动物类群的起源是“寒武纪大爆发”事件的核心内容和本质所在 ,进而对达尔文倒椎形进化树模式提出了质疑 ,提出了广义进化论。该项研究标志着我国科学家在早期生命演化与…     

豫西前寒武纪汝阳群蠕虫状遗迹化石

前寒武纪生命的演化与发育状况是一个长期争论的问题。由于伊迪卡拉动物群(Ediacara fauna)以及比较年轻的前伊迪卡拉期动物(如淮南动物群)的种类繁多和构造复杂,加之1000Ma左右遗迹化石的发现,许多古生物学家相信,地球上后生动物的起源可能超过1000Ma。然而,由于当时生物机体特征和保存环境等方面的原因,实体化石几乎没有被保存下来。因此,遗迹化石就成为探讨早期后生动物演化的重要依据。     

澄江动物群生态复原图(之五)"寒武纪大爆发"事件何以产生?

是什么因素导致了"寒武纪大爆发"事件的产生? 得到很多人认同的一种观点是"含氧量变异说".该理论认为,距今大约20亿年前,由于行光合作用的水生原核生物的出现,导致水圈和大气圈中的自由氧积累和紫外线辐射作用减弱.     

皖南皮园村组硅岩的沉积古地理环境及其演化

皖南蓝田剖面皮园村组为一套埃迪卡拉纪-寒武纪过渡期(约550～532 Ma)沉积的黑色硅岩.皮园村组硅岩样品的w(Ce)/w(Ce*)为0.68～1.08(平均0.85),w(La N)/w(Ce N)为0.56～1.52(平均1.10),指示它们可能形成于大陆边缘环境.剖面下部与剖面上部样品具有明显不同的稀土配分:剖面下部样品的REE低,具有与现代海水非常相似的稀土配分,表明受陆源碎屑物质影响很小.虽然剖面上部样品依然保留了海水的某些特征,如Ce的负异常和Y的正异常,但总体显示出平坦的REE配分形态,且REE高,接近平均页岩,表明剖面上部样品受陆源碎屑影响大.w(Al2O3)也表现出下部样品低(0.03%～0.94%,平均0.41%)、上部样品高(0.74%～5.04%,平均2.98%)的特征.这些地球化学特征表明:皖南皮园村组硅岩很可能沉积于大陆边缘环境,其沉积水体由于海退的影响逐渐变浅,由深水盆地边缘环境转变为斜坡环境.硅岩沉积古地理环境的变化可能造成水体氧化还原环境的变化,从而对早期生命的出现、演化和分布产生影响.     

澄江动物群挑战进化论了吗？

寒武纪开始于5.7亿年前，结束于5.1亿年前，是地质年代古生代的第一个纪。寒武纪之前的地层的动物化石较少，而在寒武纪的地层中，发现了种类繁多的动物化石，有的古生物学家甚至认为动物各门的祖先在这个时期都已出现，称为“寒武纪物种大爆发”。最具代表性的寒武纪动物群是1909年在加拿大发现的布尔吉斯页岩动物群。1984年在云南澄江发现的寒武纪动物群     

New data regarding acritarch biostratigraphy from the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in Chuandong, Guizhou Province, China

Previous studies have evaluated acritarchs from the Balang and Pingzhai sections of the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in east Guizhou, China. The results of these studies suggest that the acritarchs in these sections have potential biostratigraphic significance. More recently, 34 samples collected from 83m lower part of the Lower-Middle cambrian Kaili Formation in the Jianshan section of Chuandong, Guizhou Province were prepared for palynological analysis. Analysis of these samples revealed a distinct change in the acritarch assemblages at the bed, which was approximately 46m above the bottom of the Kaili Formation. These findings suggest a boundary represented by an important alteration of the ecological environment. In addition, the position of the acritarch biostratigraphic change is somewhat higher than the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 based on trilobites found in the same section. This indicates that the distinct change in acritarch assemblages is similar to the change in trilobite assemblages that occurs around the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3. Therefore, acritarch biostratigraphy can provide data that can be used to define the base of Cambrian Series 3 in this region, and possibly worldwide.     

Early Cambrian phosphatized blastula- and gastrula-stage animal fossils from southern Shaanxi

Marine invertebrate animal embryos and their early developmental products are of great significance to the study of taxonomy and phylogeny of early animals. A great number of phosphatized globular fossils were collected fromthe early Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Member (upper Dengying Formation), southern Shaanxi, and a nearly complete develo-pmental sequence—from a fertilized egg, via blastodisc formation, blastula development, blastodisc enlargement toward gastrulae, to tissue differentiation—can be discerned in this collection. This discovery provides unmatchable material for studies on the origin, taxonomy, radiation, and ontogeny of early metazoans.     

The Balang Fauna―A new early Cambrian Fauna from Kaili City, Guizhou Province

In April 2004, Wu Yishan, a teacher from Kaili No. 4 Middle School, took his students to Wenglingtang to conduct popular science activities. They found fossils of trilobites and eocrinoids in gray and gray-greenish silty shale, and calcareous, silty mudrock in the upper part of the lower Cambrian Balang Formation. In May 2004, we were invited to investigate the new discovery.     

西北大学张国伟当选全国教书育人楷模

<正>西北大学张国伟院士荣获"全国教书育人楷模",这是我省2014年唯一获此殊荣的教师。"全国教书育人楷模"评选活动由教育部会同光明日报、人民日报等中央媒体联合举办,全国各省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团教育部门今年共推荐64名候选人,面向社会公示,接受群众投票。最终,推选委员会根据投票结果和实际情况,从64位候选人中推选出10名"全国教书育人楷模"。今