Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Application of Seismic Zonation Map of China

China is a country with high seismieity. It is very important for industry and structure to fortify against earthquakes. In this paper the outline of seismicity in China, the criteria for fortification against earthquakes and the contents of seismic zonation map of China are described. The contents of seismic safety evaluation for major construction projects, such as large dams, large bridges, long distance pipe lines for transporting oil and natural gas, nuclear plants, petrochemical enterprises and so on, are presented. Some geological disasters caused by destructive earthquake, such as earthquake-caused collapse and landslide, liquefaction of saturated soll and earthquake fault and so on, are also presented. Preventive countermeasures for these disasters are discussed.     

释光测年在应用研究方面的新进展

根据释光测年是地质学研究和考古学研究领域重要的研究手段和断代方法，总结出了在近十多年来应用该方法在以下几个方面所取得的成果及进展：（1）主要包括激发光源、晒退光源、辐射源以及操作软件等技术设备方面的巨大进展，以及由于释光测年技术设备精度的提高而由此极大地降低了释光测年的系统误差；（2）以单片再生测年技术和线性调整技术为代表的多种测年方法的快速发展，使得不同类型样品等效剂量的测定更加准确，而且测年流程更加简单易于操作；（3）测年材料不仅包括经受热过（主要是陶瓦）和经充足曝光的物质，同时对未经充足曝光的物质（如水积物和崩积物等）和其他经受热过的物质（如断层泥等）等也进行了大量的测年研究，从而极大地拓展了释光测年的应用领域；（4）各种年剂量测定方法的相互补充降低了在年剂量测定方面的不确定性．     

同济大学海洋与地球科学学院建设三十年

30年前，同济大学成立了海洋地质系，其前身是1970年创建于华东师范大学地理系的海洋地质专业，1972年2月迁入同济大学地下工程系，1975年正式成立海洋地质系。1982年首批获得海洋地质学专业硕士授予权，1984年获博士授予权，成为当时全国高校中唯一的海洋地质学博士点。1991年批准建立海洋科学博士后流动站，同年汪品先、马在田两位教授同时被增选为中国科学院学部委员（院士），1992年原国家教委批准建立海洋地质开放实验室，海洋地质系更名为海洋地质与地球物理系，1998年获固体地球物理学博士点。2000年和2001年，相继被评为上海市重点学科中的“重中之重”学科和国家重点学科，2002年海洋地质与地球物理系更名为海洋与地球科学学院。2005年，科技部批准在原海洋地质教育部重点实验室基础上建设海洋地质国家重点实验室。     

New geological evidence of crustal thickening in the Gangdese block prior to the Indo-Asian collision

Recent mapping in the Gangdese block has revealed many leucogranites that are similar to those in the High Himalaya. These leucogranites formed at ～140 Ma as indicated by monazite Th-Pb ion-microprobe dating and cooled at ～130 Ma as indicated by muscovite ^40Ar/^39Ar dating. In conjunction with previous structural and paleogeographic studies, the new data indicate that the Gangdese block underwent crustal thickening and associated exhumation during ～140—130 Ma. In this regard, the southern margin of Eurasia continent was comparable to the modern South American Altiplano-Puna plateau, the prime example of active ocean-continent subduction and associated thickened crust. Specifically, the early stages of crustal thickening and uplifting of the Gangdese block may result from subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. If the Tibetan Plateau would form by accretion of a series of blocks with thickened crust, an elevated topographic plateau similar to the Altiplano-Puna plateau had formed before collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Then the Tibetan Plateau would have quickly thickened, uplifted, and begun to extend soon after onset of the collision. Thus, the deformational mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau is not distributed shortening, but rather concentrating deformation within regions of thin crust between the accreted blocks.     

20世纪地球科学的光辉历程（上）——记20世纪地球科学的十二大 …

本文概述了２０世纪地质学、地球物理学的十二大重要发现，并对每大发现的内容、重大影响及意义、时间、主要发现者及目前遗留问题等均作了必要的叙述。     

Study on the effect of highway construction on photosynthetic rate of roadsides plant in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

A case study was conducted on Dabao （from Dali city to Baoshan city） and Sixiao （from Simao city to Xiaomengyang town） highways in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region to investigate the effect of highway construction on photosynthetic rate of roadsides plants. The dominant species in the plant communities were selected to measure the variation of their photosynthetic rate with the distance to the highway, so as to analyze the effect of highway construction on photosynthesis and growth of roadside plants by using mathematic methods including contrast analysis, regress analysis and so on. Results indicate： （1） Highway construction reduced the plant photosynthetic rate of the arbor and crop, and improved the plant photosynthetic rate of the shrub and herbage; （2） highway construction directly affected the plant photosynthetic rate through changing the structure of plant community and living state of plant, and indirectly affected the plant photosynthetic rate through changing its environmental factors; （3） the location and topography of road are also important factors affecting plant photosynthetic rate on roadsides, the influencing incidence and intensity on plant photosynthetic rate under different topographies caused by the two selected highways were obviously different.     

云南大学历史名人——冯景兰

冯景兰，字淮西、怀西．1898年生于河南省唐河县．幼时在家乡私塾受启蒙教育，1913年入河南开封省立第二中学学习，1916年考入北京大学预科．1918年考取公费赴美留学，入美国科罗拉多矿业学院学习矿山地质，1921年毕业；同年考入美国哥伦比亚大学研究院．攻读矿床学、岩石学和地文学，1923年获硕士学位．当年回国．