Coastal wetland in South China： Degradation trends, causes and protection countermeasures

There are abundant coastal wetlands in South China and their main characters are the tidal flats, mangroves and coral reefs. In this paper, the status quo of coastal wetlands in South China is introduced and their degradation trends in the last decades are analyzed based on the existing literatures and information. Their degradation trends are characterized by reduction of coastal wetlands＇ area, pollution of seawater environment, degeneration of ecological environment, sharp decrease of biodiversity in the wetlands and so on. At the same time, the causes resulting in the above-mentioned degradations are discussed, mainly concluding imperfect systems of management and legislation, deficient property and assessment systems of the wetlands, weak consciousness of protecting coastal wetlands, shortage of basic study and backward management level and so on. Some countermeasures are put forward for the sake of a sustainable use of the coastal wetlands of South China, mainly including establishing and perfecting administrative and legal systems for the coastal wetlands, developing the study on assessment of coastal wetland, heightening the consciousness of public participation, and strengthening scientific research and establishment of wetland nature reserves.     

花岗岩残积土双孔结构的蒸发脱湿机理

为研究花岗岩残积土蒸发脱湿过程中的水分运移规律,对深圳花岗岩残积土进行了一系列核磁共振测试和微观试验,分析了花岗岩残积土双孔结构的成因,对比了不同饱和度下残积土的水分分布规律,提出了残积土双孔结构的水分运移机理. 结果表明：氧化铁等胶结物与高岭土片层形成了花岗岩残积土的微孔结构;微孔结构与不易受扰动的大孔结构组成残积土的双孔结构;微孔结构和大孔结构在高饱和度下相互连通,在低饱和度下水力连接中断;双孔结构间水分同步蒸发,大孔结构向微孔结构的补给随着蒸发进行而减少. 本研究可为研究复杂土体结构水分蒸发过程提供一定的理论基础.     

东准噶尔西部花岗岩带的岩石成因探讨

根据新疆东准噶尔西部花岗岩带各岩体在地质学、岩石学、岩石化学和稀土元素及同位素组成等方面的特征,探讨了它的成因和演化。结果表明,该区花岗岩,尤其是含锡花岗岩成岩方式为岩浆分异交代,物质来源主要为地幔与地壳的复合作用形成,属I型→同熔型→A型→改造型的过渡类型花岗岩,其中锡的来源主要与岩石演化的途径和方式有关。     

台风Utor登陆广东过程的数值研究

台风Utor(0104)于2001年7月6日00时(UTC,下同)在广东汕尾地区登陆,带来比较严重的灾害性天气.以美国国家大气研究中心和宾州大学联合研制的第五代中尺度模式(MM5)为基础设计的台风预报模式比较准确地预报出台风Utor(0104)的移动路径(前24 h的移动路径平均误差为 68 km)和天气现象的分布.在此基础上,设计了3个敏感性试验:①是把华南地区(26°N以南,110°E以东)的陆地变为海洋,②是把华南地区的山地变为平地,③是减小华南地区陆地的粗糙度,即取为近似于静风的洋面上的值.对比数值试验的结果表明:引起台风登陆后减弱的最主要因子是下垫面水汽供应的切断,其次是下垫面粗糙度(摩擦)的影响;地形作用能使迎风坡的降水明显增加,但对台风强度则没有明显的影响.     

"虚实结合"的华南技术交易网

一、我省技术交易现状 近几年随着长江三角洲等经济区崛起、西部地区大开发的实施,广东原有的政策优势与地理的优势已逐步减弱,广东的企业需要重新树立新的优势,就必须加强技术引进、技术开发及技术创新,加快进入国际市场。     

New geological evidence of crustal thickening in the Gangdese block prior to the Indo-Asian collision

Recent mapping in the Gangdese block has revealed many leucogranites that are similar to those in the High Himalaya. These leucogranites formed at ～140 Ma as indicated by monazite Th-Pb ion-microprobe dating and cooled at ～130 Ma as indicated by muscovite ^40Ar/^39Ar dating. In conjunction with previous structural and paleogeographic studies, the new data indicate that the Gangdese block underwent crustal thickening and associated exhumation during ～140—130 Ma. In this regard, the southern margin of Eurasia continent was comparable to the modern South American Altiplano-Puna plateau, the prime example of active ocean-continent subduction and associated thickened crust. Specifically, the early stages of crustal thickening and uplifting of the Gangdese block may result from subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. If the Tibetan Plateau would form by accretion of a series of blocks with thickened crust, an elevated topographic plateau similar to the Altiplano-Puna plateau had formed before collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Then the Tibetan Plateau would have quickly thickened, uplifted, and begun to extend soon after onset of the collision. Thus, the deformational mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau is not distributed shortening, but rather concentrating deformation within regions of thin crust between the accreted blocks.     

Triassic U-Pb age for zircon from granites in the Tonghua area and its response to the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure collisional orogenesis

Single-grain zircon U-Pb dating was carried out to constrain the emplacement timing of granitic plutons at Chaxinzi, Xiaoweishahe and Longtou in the Tonghua area, south of Jilin Province. The results show that these plutons formed in the Triassic with ages of 203—217 Ma. Geological and geochemical characteristics indicate that the plutons are composed of quartz diorite and granite. The former was derived from partial melting of mafic lower crust, whereas the latter originated from thickened crust with garnet as the residue in the source. It appears that protoliths of these two types of granitits are different although they have the same emplacement age. Considering that these plutons are petrologically different from the coeval granites in the Xingmeng (Xing‘an-Mongolian) to Jihei (Jilin-Heilongjiang) orogenic belt in the north, it is suggested that their formation was related to the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure collisional orogenesis since their ages are only 10—20 Ma younger than timing of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, but comparable to that of the first rapid exhumation of the ultra-high-pressure metamorphic rocks and the emplacement of the post-collisional granites.     

缙云山华南黑桫椤种群的遗传多样性研究初探

从种群分化和保护生物学的角度出发，运用方差分析和聚类分析，对缙云山不同生境下的8个华南黑桫椤种群的形态分化进行研究，方差分析表明该种的形态特征对环境的可塑性较大，繁殖器官的变异小于营养器官，聚类分析表明8个种群间总体上无明显分化．     

冈底斯地壳碰撞前增厚及隆升的地质证据: 岛弧拼贴对青藏高原隆升及扩展历史的制约

最近几年的调查发现, 与高喜马拉雅相似, 在冈底斯地块上广泛发育浅色花岗岩. 应用Th-Pb及⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar等定年手段分别对冈底斯浅色花岗岩的形成年代及热历史进行了限定, 独居石Th-Pb结晶年龄约为140 Ma, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar白云母冷却年龄约为130 Ma. 结合前人的构造变形研究及古地理分析, 认为冈底斯地块在约140～130 Ma发生地壳的缩短加厚及快速隆升作用. 与南美安第斯山高原类似, 冈底斯地块(高原)的早期加厚及隆起是新特提斯洋沿冈底斯地块南部俯冲及冈底斯地块北部班公-怒江洋逐渐封闭的结果. 印度板块与欧亚板块最后碰撞之前, 组成高原的各地块就有着增厚的地壳, 存在较高地形的山脉, 通过岛弧拼贴, 碰撞后高原可以迅速增厚、隆起、扩展. 高原的变形不是均匀的, 而是集中在地壳较薄的软弱带.     

华南几个杂岩体中产铀与非产铀花岗岩的成因及其与铀成矿关系

文章在对华南地区诸广山、贵东和桃山杂岩体中产铀与非产铀花岗岩的特征进行全面对比的基础上，对其成因进行了探讨。认为产铀与非产铀花岗岩的成因类型不同，前者属Ｓ型花岗岩，后者与Ｉ型花岗岩相似。岩石成因类型不同是造成上述杂岩体中不同地段铀成矿差异的主要原因