共享自动驾驶汽车使用意愿模型及其影响因素

为了构建共享自动驾驶汽车(shared autonomous vehicles，SAV) 的使用意愿模型并分析其影响因素，通过使用时机和使用频率来体现公众对SAV的使用意愿；采用验证性因子分析将态度潜变量转化为潜变量得分，以此将态度潜变量引入传统的有序Logit模型；提出SAV使用意愿的有序Logit模型构建方法，并建立基于个人属性、通勤特征、态度潜变量的SAV使用意愿模型.研究发现:是否使用过滴滴拼车、工作单位停车费、自动驾驶态度对使用时机和3种价格(1，2，3元/km) 下的使用频率有显著影响；使用过滴滴拼车、工作单位收取停车费、支持自动驾驶的群体倾向于频繁地、更早地使用SAV出行；公众期望以1元/km或 2元/km即不超过目前滴滴拼车的价格使用SAV.     

Tailoring soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys through C addition

It is known that developing Fe-based amorphous alloys with the saturation flux density(B_s) higher than 1.65 T is a major challenge.In present work,effects of C addition on magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were systematically studied.It has been found that the addition of C can significantly increase the saturation flux density(B_s) and the magnetic flux density at 800 A/m(B_(800)) of the Fe-B-C-Si-P amorphous alloys.After the addition of C,the B_s of the amorphous alloys increase from 1.61 T(Fe_(83)B_(13)Si_3 P_1) to 1.65-1.71 T(Fe_(83)B_(13-x)C_xSi_3 P_1,x=1.5,2,3 and 4). The Fe_(83)B_(10)C_3 Si_3 P_1 amorphous alloy possesses excellent soft magnetic properties with high B_s of 1.71 T and low H_c of 1.5 A/m.It shows that density increase of the alloys and weakened metalloid-sp/metal-d bonding caused by C addition contribute to the increment of B_s.It suggests that the newly developed high-performance amorphous alloys possess great potential in application.     

Effect of Al on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg–1Mn alloy sheet

The effect of Al addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot extruded Mg–1 Mn alloy sheet was investigated. The results revealed that the dynamic recrystallization was promoted by increasing Al content. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increased with the increase of Al content. The Mg–9 Al–1 Mn alloy exhibited the highest strength, with tensile strength of 308 MPa, 307 MPa, 319 MPa, yield strength of 199 MPa, 207 MPa, 220 MPa and the elongation of 20.9%, 20.1%, 19.2% in 0°, 45°, 90°, respectively.The high strength was mainly attributed to the formation of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and large amounts of the second phase. The strengthening mechanism of the alloys was explained.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of a novel Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling

In view of the special requirements for strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling, the Al-6.2 Zn-2.5 Mg-1.6 Cu alloy was prepared by increasing Cu content on basis of Russian Series 1953 alloy. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and properties of the alloy was characterized by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and investigated by tensile test at room temperature, thermal exposure test and corrosion test. The results show that the strength after T6 aging treatment exhibit a decrease trend as an increase of the solution temperature from465 °C to 480 °C. After the solution treated by the rate of 470 °C/1 h, second phases dissolve into the matrix very well and the strength property reaches optimum. The alloy has better comprehensive properties treated by a solution treatment of 470 °C/1 h and then followed by an aging treatment of 120 °C/24 h + 170 °C/1 h + 120 °C/24 h. Under the aging state, the precipitated phases inside the grains are suitable in size, while on the grain boundary distribute discontinuously and the precipitate-free zone is obvious. Besides, the alloy still maintain high tensile properties. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are 650 MPa, 686 MPa,12.0%, respectively. The yield strength retention after heat exposure is 92%. The alloy has good corrosion resistance and the exfoliation corrosion degree. The average corrosion rate in the H_2S and CO_2 environment is 0.0024 mm/a, which is far less than the required 0.12 mm/a. It is insensitive to H_2S and CO_2 environments.     

非同分布φ混合序列加权和的强极限收敛性

利用φ混合序列矩不等式和截尾的处理方法,研究非同分布φ混合序列加权和强极限收敛性质的问题,得到了若干新结果,推广并改进了独立同分布情形下的相应结果.     

循环作用对马蹄寺石窟群岩体性能的影响

马蹄寺石窟群地处河西走廊中部,气候条件十分恶劣。由于常年受到温度、湿度、酸碱盐等作用的影响,石窟岩体性能出现了不同程度的劣化现象。通过开展室内模拟试验,研究以上多种恶劣环境的循环作用对于岩体抗压强度、波速、质量的影响规律,同时使用X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、X射线荧光光谱(X-ray fluorescence,XRF)和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)对循环作用过程中样品的矿物组分、元素含量和微观形貌进行分析研究。研究结果表明,循环作用使样品中的长石类矿物和方解石含量降低,黏土类矿物含量增加,胶结程度下降,孔隙逐渐发展成为横向微裂隙,导致样品的性能出现不同程度的劣化现象。循环作用对岩体性能的影响程度从大到小依次为冻融循环、耐盐循环、耐碱循环、耐酸循环和温湿循环。     

高温作用后砂岩物理力学性质阈值温度的确定——基于机器学习算法

通过采用机器学习算法，提出了高温作用后砂岩物理力学性质变化的阈值温度的确定方法。基于Python语言，利用K-Means、SVM算法，实现了对样本数据的分类和聚类，确定了阈值温度区间，验证了二分类法的合理性和准确性.结果表明，砂岩样本的阈值温度区间为400~600 ℃，阈值温度上下砂岩的物理力学性质存在显著差异，体现为阈值温度区间以下的岩样物理力学性质较为分散，而阈值温度区间以上的岩样物理力学性质较为集中.     

2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》载文文献计量分析

目的:分析《中华实用儿科临床杂志》近5年发展情况,为提高该刊质量提供参考依据. 方法:通过"中国生物医学文献数据库"收集该刊2008—2012年的文献题录,采用文献计量学方法,对文献的时间分布、单位分布、作者分布、作者合作情况、单位合作情况、高频关键词、高频主题词等指标进行统计分析. 结果:2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》共载文3 459篇,单篇论文的长度在逐年增长;涉及作者13 870位,每篇论文作者平均数量大于4,每篇论文的平均合作单位数量多于1.45,关键词和主题词符合本刊的主题.2008—2010年被引的文献为1 131条,占期间总文献量的62%.结论:2008—2012年发表的论文选择更具有针对性,向着更为合理性的方向发展,研究方法也多采用定量分析方法,并且论文形式多样,文献被引次数越来越多.     

水溶性La_(0.88)Sr_(0.12)MnO_3纳米粒子的非水相合成

采用纳米微乳液法,以三嵌段共聚物聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯(PEO-PPO-PEO)为表面活性剂,乙酰丙酮镧(III),乙酰丙酮锰(III)和乙酰丙酮锶(II)为前驱体,1,2-十六烷二醇为还原剂成功合成了水溶性La0.88Sr0.12MnO3纳米粒子.FT-IR分析证实该纳米粒子表面存在PEO-PPO-PEO分子,XRD和TEM分析表明该纳米粒子基本上呈球形、粒径分布窄、结晶度高,VSM测试表明该纳米粒子室温下显示软铁磁性.纳米粒子在水中快速和高效的分散收集过程,表明该纳米粒子具有良好的水溶性和磁操控性.