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1.
Stephen Kemp 《Studies in history and philosophy of science》2005,36(4):707-720
This article critically appraises David Bloor’s recent attempts to refute criticisms levelled at the Strong Programme’s social constructionist approach to scientific knowledge. Bloor has tried to argue, contrary to some critics, that the Strong Programme is not idealist in character, and it does not involve a challenge to the credibility of scientific knowledge. I argue that Bloor’s attempt to deflect the charge of idealism, which calls on the self-referential theory of social institutions, is partially successful. However, I suggest that although the Strong Programme should not be accused of ‘strong idealism’, it is still vulnerable to the criticism that it entails a form of ‘weak idealism’. The article moves on to argue that, contrary to Bloor, constructionist approaches do challenge the credibility of the scientific knowledge that they analyse. I conclude the article by arguing that sociological analyses of scientific knowledge can be conducted without the weak idealism and the credibility-challenging assumptions of the Strong Programme approach. 相似文献
2.
正义问题已成为现代人类生活关注的焦点之一。本文的主导性目的在于从休谟对正义问题的阐释出发,论述休谟视野中的正义的根本特征。文章分为两个部分。第一部分以休谟的文本为依据,梳理休谟对正义的规定性的哲学阐释;第二部分从休谟的论述出发,结合亚里士多德和密尔的相关论述,对正义的本质特征做出一个尝试性的描述和勾勒。 相似文献
3.
Cristina Paoletti 《Studies in history and philosophy of science》2011,42(1):37-44
A neglected episode in the intellectual history of the Scottish Enlightenment, Thomas Brown’s philosophy has been recently reassessed and reconnected with the emergence of the Positivist interpretation of David Hume. In fact, aiming to defend Hume’s philosophy from the common charges of atheism and scepticism, Brown popularised an interpretation of Humean texts which was later to become the standard view on Hume. In this essay, I aim to identify Brown’s historical sources and connect his reading of Hume with the medical discussion on causality. 相似文献
4.
欧荣 《杭州师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,(3)
英国文坛的常青树戴维.洛奇不仅在小说创作和小说评论方面颇有建树,而且在戏剧、电视、电影方面也有所涉猎,因此他深谙戏剧和电影的艺术表现手法,并在自己的小说创作中多有运用;他充分发挥了小说兼容并包的特点,引入蒙太奇、影视脚本、电影场景等影视表现手法为己所用,使文字媒介达到了动态视觉艺术的效果,使现代小说艺术得到了发展和超越。 相似文献
5.
Ian James Kidd 《Studies in history and philosophy of science》2011,42(1):185-189
David Stump (2007) has recently argued that Pierre Duhem can be interpreted as a virtue epistemologist. Stump’s claims have been challenged by Milena Ivanova (2010) on the grounds that Duhem’s ‘epistemic aims’ are more modest than those of virtue epistemologists. I challenge Ivanova’s criticism of Stump by arguing that she not distinguish between ‘reliabilist’ and ‘responsibilist’ virtue epistemologies. Once this distinction is drawn, Duhem clearly emerges as a ‘virtue-responsibilist’ in a way that complements Ivanova’s positive proposal that Duhem’s ‘good sense’ reflects a conception of the ‘ideal scientist’. I support my proposal that Duhem is a ‘virtue-responsibilist’ by arguing that his rejection of the possibility of our producing a ‘perfect theory’ reflects the key responsibilist virtue of ‘intellectual humility’. 相似文献
6.
Milena Ivanova 《Studies in history and philosophy of science》2011,42(4):610-612
In his response to my (2010), Ian Kidd claims that my argument against Stump’s interpretation of Duhem’s concept of ‘good sense’ is unsound because it ignores an important distinction within virtue epistemology. In light of the distinction between reliabilist and responsibilist virtue epistemology, Kidd argues that Duhem can be seen as supporting the latter, which he further illustrates with a discussion of Duhem’s argument against ‘perfect theory’. I argue that no substantive argument is offered to show that the distinction is relevant and can establish that Duhem’s ‘good sense’ can be understood within responsibilist virtue epistemology. I furthermore demonstrate that Kidd’s attempt to support his contention relies on a crucial misreading of Duhem’s general philosophy of science, and in doing so highlight the importance of understanding ‘good sense’ in its original context, that of theory choice. 相似文献
7.
Wei Hui Zhao Shixi 《武夷科学》1998,(1)
本文应用模糊聚类分析方法对稻粉虱Aleurooybotus indicus David of Subramanias种群系统动态进行模糊聚类分析,模糊聚类分析结果表明,在置信水平0.9640≤λi<0.9880的情况下,该种群系统分为6个亚系统:SS1、SS2、SS3、SS4、SS5和SS6。文中对各个亚系统的动态规律进行特征描述,以期为稻粉虱的综合防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
8.
刘易斯的因果性反事实条件分析是新休谟主义进路的典型代表,它试图通过引入"反事实条件"的模态范畴来弥补传统律则性理论的不足。然而,这一分析进路又产生了诸如可能世界的相似性、反事实条件依赖的时间箭头等新问题;本奈特、豪斯曼和霍维奇等人揭示了刘易斯的理论在这些问题上的根本困难。而这些困难的最终解决依赖于彻底抛弃休谟主义的因果性研究进路,转向因果实在论和实验的、操作的因果观念。 相似文献
9.
张万敏 《长春师范学院学报》2012,(5):77-79,82
戴维·赫尔曼是西方后经典叙事学的先锋。他致力于将叙事学与认知科学更彻底地结合,从认知的视角重新审视了经典叙事学的主要问题,在最大程度上吸取了经典叙事学的精华,推动了叙事理论的发展。他的假定聚焦理论、故事逻辑理论、模糊时间概念理论等在西方都颇有影响。在认知叙事学的主要代表人物中,他的理论成果最为丰硕,不愧为西方认知叙事学的领军者。 相似文献
10.
冬眠期及冬眠后棘胸蛙血清5种离子浓度及CO2结合力的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
测定了棘胸蛙冬眠期及冬眠后血液的生理指标.结果表明:冬眠期棘胸蛙血清中钙、钾、钠、氯和磷的含量明显低于冬眠期后的含量,但血液中二氧化碳结合力在这两期无显著变化.这与棘胸蛙冬眠活动密切相关. 相似文献