短叶金边虎尾兰的光合和叶绿素荧光特性研究

本文研究了短叶金边虎尾兰近轴面、远轴面叶的光合和叶绿素荧光特性,通过测定供试植物叶片的形态特征、叶绿素含量、光合作用日变化、光响应曲线和叶绿素荧光参数,并对测定结果进行相关分析.结果表明：供试的短叶金边虎尾兰叶面积大和比叶面积高,同时它的Chla/b值小于3,LSP和LCP均比较低,说明短叶金边虎尾兰利用弱光能力强,具有很强的耐荫性.另外它的近轴面、远轴面叶可以同时进行光合作用,而且光合能力差异不大,近轴面稍强于远轴面.因此,在生产上应注意光强的管理,在中午和夏季进行适当遮荫,以确保品质;在园林配置时应避免种在全光照的地方,可以配置在疏林中或林缘边.相关分析表明短叶金边虎尾兰的Pn与Ci极显著负相关,与PAR呈显著正相关;Tr与Gs、PAR呈极显著相关;VpdL与PAR呈显著正相关;其它参数间不相关.     

黄缘盒龟四种组织器官的超微结构

利用透射电子显微镜对黄缘盒龟的横纹肌、心肌、脾脏和肺等组织器官的超微结构进行了观察．结果显示,横纹肌具有明显的明带和暗带结构;心肌的特点是暗带较窄,肌原纤维排列较疏松,其间有大量的线粒体;肺呈海绵状,上皮组织有两类细胞,即Ⅰ型上皮细胞和Ⅱ型上皮细胞;脾脏由白髓和红髓构成,脾窦由单甚扁平细胞覆盖,细胞长杆状,脾内可见浆细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞．提示黄缘盒龟的横纹肌、心肌、脾脏和肺等4种组织器官的超微结构与哺乳动物相似．     

河南省龟类分布新记录:潘氏闭壳龟

潘氏闭壳龟是中国的特有龟类,已被华盛顿公约(CITES附录Ⅱ)列为珍稀濒危物种,是我国二级重点保护野生动物,定为"极危(CR)"等级.近年在河南信阳发现野生潘氏闭壳龟6只,是目前我国发现野生潘氏闭壳龟数量最多的地区,对其形态参数进行了测量.     

黄缘闭壳龟的生活习性与驯养

报道了黄缘闭壳龟的生活习性，研究了水温、光照等非生物因素对黄缘闭壳龟活动的影响，以及温度与摄食量、温度与生长速度之间的关系，并介绍了养殖过程中常见病的防治。     

黄缘闭壳龟人工养殖技术初步研究

根据野生黄缘闭壳龟的生活习性,创造其人工养殖环境,利用人工合成饲料,经过１１０天的饲养试验,使幼龟体重增加１０４％,成龟体重增加２６．１％,亲龟体重增加２４．２％,亲龟的产卵率为１００％,人工养殖效果良好。     

野生黄缘闭壳龟资源分布与濒危机制研究

黄缘闭壳龟属世界珍稀濒危物种,中国重点野生保护动物.20世纪70年代前野生黄缘闭壳龟曾广泛分布于中国的河南、安徽、湖北、湖南、浙江、江苏、广西、台湾等省和琉球群岛,野生资源十分丰富,仅河南信阳大别山区的分布面积多达39万hm~2,野生种群数量约40万只.但自20世纪80年代后,随着盗猎强度的加剧,黄缘闭壳龟的分布区和栖息地遭到地毯式的搜索,猎捕手段的多样化及其过度猎捕致使黄缘闭壳龟野生资源日益枯竭.目前只在河南大别山区、安徽皖南山区、安徽皖西山区等地还有少量野生个体生存,稳定的黄缘闭壳龟野生种群仅分布于台湾和琉球群岛.导致黄缘闭壳龟野生资源濒危的原因主要是其性成熟周期长、种群繁殖力低、栖息地遭受干扰破坏等因素,另外,人类贪婪无尽地对其野生资源的索取是导致黄缘闭壳龟自然种群濒危灭绝的重要原因.加强黄缘闭壳龟保护区的建设与管理,加大打击盗猎行为,提高公众的保护意识,建立生态补偿机制,开展自然种群的恢复与重建是拯救黄缘闭壳龟濒危灭绝的有效措施.     

黄缘盒龟肝脏与肾脏的超微结构

在透射电子显微镜下观察黄缘盒龟的肝脏和肾脏的超微结构.结果显示肝实质内结缔组织少,肝小叶分界不清楚;肝细胞具两种形态,即L细胞和D细胞.肾小球由毛细血管构成;肾小囊外壁由扁平细胞构成,内壁可见足细胞附于其上;颈段由单层纤毛立方上皮细胞构成,细胞核较大,细胞游离面有很多纤毛伸向管腔,细胞核周围排列密集的线粒体;近曲小管由单层柱状上皮细胞构成,细胞核圆形,位于细胞中部,胞质内含有丰富的线粒体;中间段由单层纤毛立方上皮构成;远曲小管由单层柱状上皮细胞构成,细胞核位于细胞中部,其周围分布有许多线粒体,细胞底部可见丰富的质膜内褶;收集管由单层柱状上皮细胞组成,胞质内可见较丰富的膜迷路.黄缘盒龟肝脏的超微结构与其他爬行动物相似.肾脏结构与其生态习性有关.     

Molecular identification and phylosenetic position of Cuora yunnanensis

The Yunnan box turtle （Cuora yunnanensis, Boulenger, 1906）, which has drawn much attention in conservation biology, was regarded as extinct since it was previously known only from 12 specimens collected in Yunnan, China, before 1908. Recently, live specimens have been discovered which are suggested to be C. yunnanensis. To determine whether the newly discovered specimens are really C. yunnanensis, we have established a molecular phylogeny, with a 1725-bp fragment of mitochondrial DNA, using samples from three live individuals of C. yunnanensis, together with sequence data from a museum specimen of C. yunnanensis （MNHN 1907.10） and other members of the genus Cuora. We found that the three newly discovered individuals and the old museum specimen of C. yunnanensis are very similar both in morphology and in mitochondrial DNA sequence, suggesting that the three new individuals are the very C. yunnanensis, and thus the species is not extinct. Our phylogenetic analysis also demonstrates that C. yunnanensis is not of recent hybrid origin, but rather represents a distinct evolutionary lineage.     

Molecular identification and phylogenetic position of Cuora yunnanensis

The Yunnan box turtle (Cuora yunnanensis, Boulenger, 1906), which has drawn much attention in conservation biology, was regarded as extinct since it was previously known only from 12 specimens collected in Yunnan, China, before 1908. Recently, live specimens have been discovered which are suggested to be C. yunnanensis. To determine whether the newly discovered specimens are really C. yunnanensis, we have established a molecular phylogeny, with a 1725-bp fragment of mitochondrial DNA, using samples from three live individuals of C. yunnanensis, together with sequence data from a museum specimen of C. yunnanensis (MNHN 1907.10) and other members of the genus Cuora. We found that the three newly discovered individuals and the old museum specimen of C. yunnanensis are very similar both in morphology and in mitochondrial DNA sequence, suggesting that the three new individuals are the very C. yunnanensis, and thus the species is not extinct. Our phylogenetic analysis also demonstrates that C. yunnanensis is not of recent hybrid origin, but rather represents a distinct evolutionary lineage.     

广西存在安布闭壳龟的初步查考

作者于１９９１年在１９９２年两次带着安布闭壳龟的活动标本，深入上思县思阳镇，钦州市大直镇等地进行了野外调查和访问，获得安布闭壳龟的幼体背甲标本２个，一背甲标本１个。在调查中虽没获得活体标本，但两次调查所得资料表明广西的十万大山很可能生存有安布闭壳龟。