关于高层民用建筑消防系统水压问题的探讨

通过对现行上行下给单设水箱式室内消防供水系统设计方法的研究,指出其存在的问题,并提出了改进措施.     

自主体-因果力:“自由意志危机”的一种化解

李贝特的"迟半秒"实验以及魏格纳的副现象论直接威胁了自由意志的本体论地位,引起了"自由意志危机",但国内外许多著名学者通过新的解读认为这些并不能证明自由意志不存在,其中蒂莫西.奥康纳的自主体—因果力理论则是独树一帜的。他关注的是行动的整个因果链及其解释,从本体论的角度讨论了自主体的原因作用和理由的解释相关性,认为自主体具有基于突现属性的自主体—因果力,是行动产生的原因。但该力具有概率性的结构化倾向,理由则从因果上构造了自主体—因果力并为该力发挥选择作用限定了范围。该理论对因果关系的形而上学问题、心灵的动力学问题以及行动哲学中的行动解释问题有所启示,不失为解决自由意志危机的一种系统而有深度的方案。     

缩短科技论文发文时滞的对策

统计分析畜牧兽医类5种中文核心期刊和5种非核心期刊的发文时滞,并参阅相关的文献资料,发现我国的科技期刊的发文周期相对过长,特别是较有名气的中文核心期刊,时效性相对较差.造成我国科技论文发文时滞过长的原因主要是稿源丰富,载文量少,审稿环节不畅,修改时间长和编辑加工流程落后.我国科技期刊编辑部可以采取建立来稿初步筛选机制,量化科技期刊论文审稿质量,增加期刊载文量,健全审稿专家队伍,利用网络资源建立现代化的编辑流程等措施来缩短发文时滞.     

因果关系与因果排他性问题——论对金在权“因果排他性论证”的消解

金在权的因果排他性论证在当代心灵哲学领域对心理因果性问题的讨论中具有重要影响,本文力图通过对这一论证过程的详尽分析,探讨消解这一论证的可能途径,并通过对它的两个基本前提(物理世界的因果闭合原则和因果排他性原则)的分析,最终表明问题的症结在于排他性原则背后预设了一种不恰当的因果观念,从而达到对这一论证的消解。     

当代大学生逃课原因的质化研究

运用质化研究方法对当代大学生选课的原因进行了实证研究.研究表明,当代大学生逃课的主观原因主要有:学习动机不强、学习自由过度、学习目标偏狭.逃课的客观原因主要为:学校管理不善、家庭条件特殊、社会负面效应.为扭转大学生逃课的局势,理应加大教育力度、完善教学管理、落实教学改革、提升师资队伍.     

过冷沸腾气泡在圆形朝下壁面上特性实验研究

气泡的始动直径与运动过程对于揭示沸腾传热机理有着重要意义.利用高速摄像机对不同热流密度条件下,过冷沸腾液体中气泡在圆形朝下壁面上生长及运动的过程进行了实验研究.研究表明:在气泡的生长及运动过程中,气泡的形状从生长过程初期阶段的近似球体变化到滑移过程被拉长的椭圆体,直至最后消失;壁面热流密度对气泡的始动直径有一定影响,热流密度越大气泡的始动直径也就越大.     

Tropes As Mechanisms

This paper is an attempt to further our understanding of mechanisms conceived of as ontologically separable from laws. What opportunities are there for a mechanistic perspective to be independent of, or even more fundamental than, a law perspective? Advocates of the mechanistic view often play with the possibility of internal and external reliability, or with the paralleling possibilities of enforcing, counteracting, redirecting, etc., the mechanisms’ power to produce To further this discussion I adopt a trope ontology. It is independent of the notion of law, and can easily be adapted to account for such characteristics of mechanisms. The idea of tropes as mechanisms is worked out in some detail. According to the resulting picture, there is still an opportunity to link mechanisms and laws. But while the predominant law view conceives of mechanistic approaches as special kinds of law accounts, this study indicates that the converse may be true. Law accounts are special cases of mechanistic accounts, and they work only in those worlds where the mechanisms are of the right kind     

Intervening on time derivatives

Interventionism analyses causal influence in terms of correlations of changes under a distribution of interventions. But the correspondence between correlated changes and causal influence is not obvious. I probe its plausibility with a problem-case involving variables related as time derivative (velocity) to integral (position), such that the latter variable must change given an intervention on the former unless dependencies are introduced among the testing and controlling interventions. Under the orthodox criteria such interventions will fail to be appropriate for causal analysis. I consider various alternatives, including permitting control interventions to be chancy, restricting the available models and mitigating variation of off-path variables. None of these work. I then present a fourth suggestion which modifies the interventionist criteria in order to permit interventions which can influence other variables than just their own targets. The correspondence between correlated changes and causal influence can thereby saved when dependencies are introduced among such interventions. This modification and the required dependencies, I argue, are perfectly in line with practice and may also assist in a wider class of cases.     

抽油机下偏杠铃节能技术应用

针对目前油田普遍应用常规式游梁抽油机存在的问题;平衡性能相对较差,启动扭矩大,拖动电机功率大,抽油系统效率低和耗能较高的问题,应用下偏杠铃复合平衡技术对其进行节能技术改造。阐述了该项节能技术改造设计结构及工艺原理,对现场应用效果进行了分析评价,取得以下认识;一是曲柄与下偏杠铃的复合平衡方式,削减了抽油机峰值扭矩,降低了电机消耗功率,有效改善了抽油机平衡效果,平均节电率达到20.53％。二是从现场应用情况看,在不改变原机结构前提下,安装方便,投入成本较低,CYJ10型机改造的节电总体效果高于CYJ6型机。     

基于贝叶斯网络的公交车事故外因分析

为了系统的探究车、路和环境共同作用下的公交车事故致因,利用A市259条公交车事故数据,基于专家知识与数据融合方法建立贝叶斯网络结构;利用服从Dirichlet分布的贝叶斯方法进行参数学习。在验证了模型的有效性后,结合贝叶斯网络模型,运用团树传播算法推理了各变量之间的关系。研究结果表明：天气、时间、道路线形、地点都可能导致公交车事故;根据概率由大到小,导致的事故类型依次为非碰撞事故、与小汽车、非机动车、公交车碰撞;且每一事故类型的伤亡情况及最强致因因素都不尽相同。除此之外,各致因因素在不同情况下,导致的事故类型及伤亡情况概率也有差异。相关结果可以为政府及企业建立事故管理制度,减少公交车事故的发生提供一定的依据。