天基光学监视系统空间目标定轨精度仿真分析

天基光学监视系统具有获取空间态势信息的优势,是进行空间目标监视与跟踪的重要发展方向。主要研究基于天基光学监视平台的空间目标的可见区域分析和轨道确改进定算法,仿真实现了天基监视系统对空间目标的定轨功能,分析了天基光学监视平台对高、中、低轨三类典型空间目标的定轨精度。通过仿真实验可以得出,由高低轨监视平台组成的联合监视系统提高对空间目标的轨道确定精度,其中低轨空间目标定轨精度误差约20米,中高轨空间目标定轨精度300米左右。

Abstract：

Space-based optical surveillance system has advantages accepting state information of space-objects, and is an important tendency in the realization of surveillance and tracking for resident space objects. The orbit determination theory for space objects and its cover region by space-based optical surveillance system were analyzed. The function for space objects was simulated. The accuracy of three kinds of space objects based on space-based optics surveillance system was studied. Simulation experiment shows the surveillance system which constitutes of high/low orbit surveillance platforms can improve the accuracy of space objects, and therein the orbit determination precision for low-orbit space objects reaches 20m, while that for high-orbit space objects about 300m.     

基于高/低轨监视平台的GEO卫星定轨精度比较

针对传统地基监视系统对地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星静地测量模式不利于获取其态势信息,而空间目标监视平台利用其快速轨道运动、增强观测几何强度和GEO卫星动力学模型的约束作用,有利于对GEO卫星环带的跟踪、监视和编目处理这一问题,分析了高、低轨平台与其观测模式,采用了数值微分法计算变分方程系数阵的定轨算法,统计了光学观测误差对定轨结果的影响.仿真计算表明,高、低轨平台对GEO卫星的定轨精度均在公里级,低轨平台对GEO卫星的定轨精度好于高轨监视平台,观测系统误差是定轨误差的主要来源.