煤储层的吸附特征实验综合分析

对我国不同地区、不同煤盆、不同变质程度煤的等温吸附实验进行综合分析。结果表明，煤的吸附性能受到煤的变质程度、储层温度、储层压力以及煤中水分类型及水分含量等多方面因素的影响，实践证明实验结果接近现实。本实验获得的参数对煤层气资源的选区、勘探、开发提供重要依据。     

Starch-binding domains in the post-genome era

Starch belongs to the most abundant biopolymers on Earth. As a source of energy, starch is degraded by a large number of various amylolytic enzymes. However, only about 10% of them are capable of binding and degrading raw starch. These enzymes usually possess a distinct sequence-structural module, the so-called starchbinding domain (SBD). In general, all carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) have been classified into the CBM families. In this sequence-based classification the individual types of SBDs have been placed into seven CBM families: CBM20, CBM21, CBM25, CBM26, CBM34, CBM41 and CBM45. The family CBM20, known also as a classical C-terminal SBD of microbial amylases, is the most thoroughly studied. The three-dimensional structures have already been determined by X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance for SBDs from five CBM families (20, 25, 26, 34 and 41), and the structure of the CBM21 has been modelled. Despite differences among the amino acid sequences, the fold of a distorted β-barrel seems to be conserved together with a similar way of substrate binding (mainly stacking interactions between aromatic residues and glucose rings). SBDs have recently been discovered in many non-amylolytic proteins. These may, for example, have regulatory functions in starch metabolism in plants or glycogen metabolism in mammals. SBDs have also found practical uses. Received 25 May 2006; received after revision 26 June 2006; accepted 3 August 2006     

沁南盆地羽状水平井煤层气开发区域的优选

介绍了羽状水平井煤层气开发的特点及其优势,根据羽状水平井开发的地质要求,对沁南盆地进行了分析,优选出羽状水平井部署区域。     

Study on process and model of CBM dissipating

Coal Bed Methane(CBM) occurs in coal seams in the states of adsorption gas, free gas and water-dissolved gas. Its dissipating starts with desorption, and then it dissipates outwards in the states of free gas and water-dissolved gas. The dissipating approach is classified to three patterns: Free gas in pores dissipates through the cover rocks; hydrocarbon molecules in the cap-rocks and reservoir diffuse because of concentration gradient; gas dissolving in water is directly taken away by water. According to the controlling factors of CBM conservation and considering the cover rocks, soleplate, hydrological region identification and dissipating theory, three geological models of CBM dissipating are built: closed system model, lateral hydrological closed model and open system model.     

煤层气排采产气通道适度携煤粉理论

考虑在煤储层中实际地层液混合流体中煤粉含量和煤粉颗粒群的悬浮分级,建立煤粉颗粒在产气通道内悬浮运移模型,给出煤粉悬浮排出的条件;打破以往以防煤粉为主的思想,基于液流携带建立煤层气排采产气通道内的适度携煤粉方法,基于液固两相流理论建立液流携带煤粉运移模型,并分析地层液参数和煤粉颗粒参数对适度携煤粉的影响。结果表明:煤粉颗粒粒径越小,地层液流速越大、黏度越大,煤粉在产气通道截面上分布越均匀,其悬浮排出能力越强,煤粉较易被地层液携带排出;煤层气井排采各个阶段(单相水流阶段、气水两相流阶段和单相气体流动阶段)地层液中气液固三相混合的比例不同导致地层液的黏度不同,造成排采过程中地层液携带煤粉的能力随着产气量的变化而变化。合理控制地层液的参数有利于煤粉适度排出,疏通产气通道增加其渗流能力,提高煤层气井产气量。     

煤层气水平井降压漏斗扩展规律研究

为了揭示煤层气水平井排采降压漏斗扩展规律,采用理论分析和数值模拟方法,分析了煤层气水平井排水形成区域降压及井间干扰的过程,排采三年后产生井间干扰作用,排采五年后平均采收率达到60%.提出了三段式管理井底压力的排采方法,实现水平井降压、提产、稳产,减少卡泵事故和修井作业.研究结果表明:水平井压降幅度与采收率呈正比;三段式管理井底压力的排采方法有利于区域压降扩展,充分释放煤层气井产能.     

沁水盆地南部地区砂体与煤层空间叠置特征及其在煤层气和致密气合采开发中的意义

以沁水盆地南部煤层气和致密气共探合采研究区为例,详细解剖煤系地层砂体发育特征及其与煤层空间叠置关系,并探讨其对煤层气与致密气合采开发的影响。研究结果表明,煤系地层砂体成因类型丰富,砂体规模和形态特征各异。砂体结构特征主要受沉积相演化控制,形成五种主要空间叠置类型：孤立分散型、水平搭接型、垂向叠置型、错位叠置型和水平-错位复合叠置型。在沉积作用控制下,不同成因类型砂体与煤层可以形成多种空间叠置组合模式。砂体含气饱和度和压力及煤层含气量、物性和压力均受到两者空间叠置关系的显著影响。加强该方面研究,将对两气合采可行性评估及合采产气量预测具有重要意义。     

煤层气井负压排采技术潜在增产因素分析

排水降压采气是煤层气井开采的主要方式,而煤层气井开采过程中常出现自然产量低。为促进煤层气的解吸和渗流,现场多次采用了负压排采技术并取得了很好的增产效果,研究煤层负压排采技术的潜在增产因素可以完善其技术的理论基础,对今后更好地指导现场煤层气井开发生产以及推广至地质特征、生产特征相似的煤层气区块具有重要的增产意义。探讨了负压技术可能带来的潜在增产因素,并且对负压排采井的选择、使用负压设备的时机提供了排采建议。研究表明:由于煤层气常以吸附态赋存以及煤储层特点,负压排采技术在增大生产压差的同时,可能会起到提高裂缝导流能力、解除表皮污染、促进井间干扰以及增强甲烷滑脱和煤基质收缩等有利效果,同时也会起到加大应力敏感以及裂缝闭合的可能性。可见负压排采技术的正确使用,能最大限度降低废弃压力,提高煤层气的最终采收率。     

基于逆高斯退化过程的面向任务系统CBM优化模型

针对现有单调退化系统视情维修(condition-based maintenance,CBM)优化模型中不完全维修影响考虑单一,且未同时融入可用度约束的问题,提出一种考虑不完全维修双重影响与可用度约束的单调退化系统CBM优化模型.首先,基于具有随机漂移系数的逆高斯过程,建立系统退化模型并得到相关概率分布;其次,描述任务...     

应用P波AVO技术预测煤层气储层裂隙

利用晋城无烟煤集团某矿的三维地震资料对纵波叠前AVO和方位AVO反演方法进行了应用研究,讨论了保持振幅处理的几项关键技术,并对基于煤层气储层地震勘探的野外采集方法提出了建议。