新疆西天山长阿吾子蛇绿混杂岩中与榴辉岩伴生的异剥钙榴岩的发现及其地质意义

在西天山长阿吾子蛇绿岩中的蛇纹石化超基性岩中,首次发现了由原榴辉岩相岩石经异剥钙榴岩化作用形成的异剥钙榴岩.该异剥钙榴岩主要由钙铝榴石、透辉石、葡萄石、绿泥石和少量榴辉岩相变质矿物绿辉石和铁镁铝榴石等组成.详细的岩石学研究表明,该异剥钙榴岩是在超基性岩二次蛇纹岩化过程中由榴辉岩相岩石经异剥钙榴岩化作用形成.异剥钙榴岩化过程开始于370～410℃/650～850MPa;大规模的异剥钙榴岩化出现在200～350℃/400～600MPa的温压条件.在P-T图上由榴辉岩相到异剥钙榴岩构成了明显的退变轨迹,这表明西天山长阿吾子异剥钙榴岩是由原榴辉岩相变质岩石抬升、回返过程中发生异剥钙榴岩化作用形成的.异剥钙榴岩并不只限于洋底变质的构造环境中,也可以形成于俯冲带中.     

洋壳向陆壳下俯冲运动的流变学数学模型

洋壳向陆壳下俯冲是板块运动的一种基本形式,用数理方法研究它有助于深刻认识它的运动机制。考虑了地质体的流变性质,推导并建立了洋壳向陆壳下俯冲的流变学数学模型。     

Phase transition in the subducted oceanic lithosphere and generation of the subduction zone magma

Two metamorphic processes, i.e. subsolidus dehydration and partial melting occurring in MORB, metasediments and peridotite of subducted oceanic lithosphere are discussed on the basis of available experimental work and phase equilibrium modeling. Phase diagrams of hydrous MORB show that in most cold subduction P-T （pressure-temperature） regimes a large portion of water in the basic layer has released below the onset of blueschist facies （〈 20 km）, and at a depth （60--70 km） of transition from lawsonite blueschist to lawsonite eclogite facies through glaucophane dehydration; only a smaller portion of water will escape from the slab through dehydration of lawsonite and chloritoid in the depth range suitable for arc magma formation; and a very small portion of water stored in lawsonite and phengite will fade into the deeper mantle. The role of amphibole for arc magma formation is still arguable. In cold subduction P-Tregimes, the dehydration of chlorite and talc in AI-poor metasediments, and chloritoid and carpholite in AI-rich metapelites at a depth around 80--100 km will make some con- tributions to the formation of arc magma. Comparatively, dehydration of serpentine in hydrated peri- dotite occurs at depths of 120--180 km, playing an important role in the arc magmatism. Subduction of oceanic crust along warm P-T regimes will cross the solidi at a depth over 80 km, resulting in partial melting under fluid-saturated and fluid-absent conditions in the metasediments involving biotite and phengite, and in the basic rocks involving epidote and amphibole. The melt compositions of the basic crust are adakitic at pressures 〈 3.0 GPa, but become peraluminous granitic at higher pressures.     

新特提斯洋俯冲时间:变质洋壳残片40Ar/39Ar微区年龄

在东缅支那缝合带以东,西盈江岛弧岩体中发现了具正常洋中兴属性的基性麻粒岩包体,采用＾４０Ａｒ／＾３９Ａｒ微区连激光质谱方法,对其早期变质矿物组合的石榴子石和单斜辉石测定,获得等时线年龄为≈７５Ｍａ。     

南海成因：岩石圈破裂与俯冲带相互作用新认识

南海深部计划与国际大洋钻探航次取得了一系列创新进展与重大突破:1)发现南海陆缘岩石圈减薄之初未出现地幔蛇纹岩出露,且岩浆迅速出现;2)新提出南海不是"小大西洋",而是"板缘张裂"盆地,与经典的大西洋型"板内张裂"陆缘模式不同;3)揭示南海受到俯冲带的强烈控制,提出俯冲诱发地幔上涌并影响南海岩浆活动。     

高速俯冲SAR多模式实时信号处理系统

针对高速俯冲SAR多模式实时信号处理系统的特殊性,提出了一种设计与实现方案.对高速俯冲SAR应用背景及工作模式进行介绍,并说明了本系统所使用的SAR成像算法.在此基础上,提出了可包容单通道多子图的扫描SAR处理和三通道单脉冲处理的系统架构设计方法,并对其中的关键技术如原始数据流方式、高效率数据共享方法、快速模式切换方法和低功耗休眠功能进行具体描述.挂飞试验的实时处理结果验证了本系统的正确性和有效性.     

日本东北大地震——大自然给人类上的又一课

作者介绍了2011年3月11日日本东北地区太平洋沿岸近海的M9.0特大地震的震后研究情况,日本列岛M8.0以上大地震发生的地球动力学背景、地理环境,大地震在东北太平洋沿岸地区、关东地区、东海道地区的活动历史以及对下一次东海地震发生时间的最新研究进展。最后总结了地震中长期预测的现状及相关基础研究应努力的方向,提出了在工程应用研究中应该避免的错误工作思路。     

大别造山带北缘古生代构造-地层岩片的构造归属——岩石铅同位素组成提供的信息

大别造山带北缘(北淮阳)古生代各构造-地层岩片变火山岩、变沉积岩显示了具有高放射性和低放射性成因的两类铅同位素组成特征,块体效应明显,且具有一定的规律性.与秦岭造山带主要构造单元特征的铅同位素组成对比表明,定远组构造岩片可能是南秦岭构造单元或扬子陆块北缘的成分;龟山组、南湾组-佛子岭群、石炭系岩片则属于北秦岭构造单元,它们是北秦岭构造带的东延部分.结合地质体之间的分布关系判断,在大别造山带,扬子陆块与华北陆块在古生代的俯冲消减带应当位于南湾组-佛子岭群岩片的的北界或它们所覆盖地段之下的某个位置.     

K-rich lamellar exsolution in clinopyroxene： Constraint on the depth of peridotite source at Zhimafang

The oriented lamellar K-rich exsolutions within clinopyroxene host were recognized in garnet peridotite massif at Zhimafang in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane, eastern China. EMP and TEM analyses revealed that the composition and the index of electron diffraction for this exsolution are corresponding with phlogopite, and the shape is the lamellae with 1 μm in width and 5 to 30 μm in length. Moreover, the topotaxy is that the (001) of K-rich exsolution parallels to (I00) of the clinopyroxene host. The electron diffraction analyzing shows the exsolution is of a 1M polymorphism. The high-resolution lattice fringe image displays the stack features along [001], which only a layer mineral shows. We conclude that the clinopyroxene with IM and K-rich exsolution was probably derived from mantle depths over 240 km, thus resulting from decompressional exsolution in the initial stage of slab exhumation.