切槽爆破断裂应力强度因子及其装药量的确定

本文首先用脆性介质宏观断裂力学理论讨论了Ｖ型对称双切槽炮孔爆破的断裂机理，确定出切槽尖端介质中的断裂韧度和抗压、抗拉强度，导出使岩石沿切槽方向理想断裂所需的爆生气体作用于孔壁的最小压力和允许的爆生气体作用于孔壁的最大压力，从而提出切糟爆破炮孔装药量的合理范围。     

纳米SiO2修饰玻纤表面对玻纤/聚丙烯复合材料界面性能的影响

借助纳米颗粒的高比表面积特性,将纳米二氧化硅通过化学接枝方法修饰玻璃纤维表面,制备玻璃纤维/聚丙烯（PP）热塑复合材料。通过SEM表征纳米二氧化硅在玻璃纤维表面的分布形态,结果表明纳米颗粒在纤维表面分散良好;通过界面剪切强度测试（IFSS）和界面断裂韧性测试（G_ⅡC）表征复合材料界面的静态力学性能,结果显示材料的界面剪切强度与界面断裂韧性同时获得了较大的提升;动态热机械分析测试（DMA）的结果表明复合材料在动态测试下的综合界面结合性能均得到较大的提升。     

玻纤布增强聚丙烯复合材料浸渍理论及实验研究

采用薄膜叠压法制备玻纤布增强高黏度聚丙烯热塑复合材料，研究了高黏度聚丙烯熔体浸渍玻璃纤维布过程。通过旋转流变测试分析，可知高黏度聚丙烯树脂熔体在浸渍过程中表现为非牛顿流体特性。以达西定律为理论基础，结合材料物性参数和工艺参数，推导了非牛顿流体浸渍玻璃纤维布的浸渍模型。在不同的浸渍压力与存留时间条件下对模型进行实验验证，理论值与实验值基本吻合。利用建立的浸渍模型分析了浸渍工艺对复合材料浸渍过程的影响，结果表明通过升高温度和提高压力等途径可减小浸渍时间。     

Evidences of rapid erosion driven by climate in the Yarlung Zangbo （Tsangpo） Great Canyon, the eastern Himalayan syntaxis

Climate and tectonism are both particularly intense in the Yarlung Zangbo (Tsangpo) Great Canyon in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis,which is characterized by the most rapid landscape evolution of anywhere in the world.Thus,the eastern Himalayan syntaxis is one of the best locations to study the interactions between climate and tectonics.This paper investigates the cooling ages of the Doxong La-Baibung profile using apatite fission track (AFT) dating on 11 bedrock samples at elevations ranging from 4210 to 710 m.There are topographic,climatic,metamorphic,and thermochronological gradients in the profile,providing good conditions to study interactions between climate and tectonics.AFT ages ranged from 4.6±0.6 Ma to 1.7±0.3 Ma,and the mean fission track lengths ranged from 11.0 to 12.4 μm.It was found that the cooling rates revealed by AFT ages increased with decreasing elevation.However,the tendency of the cooling rates revealed by the 40 Ar-39 Ar ages was different from that indicated by the AFT ages.Moreover,for most districts of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis,the compiled AFT age distribution correlates well with the annual average precipitation,indicating the coupling of the cooling and erosion rates of the near-surface rock and precipitation.The geothermal history modeling results indicate an obvious increase in the cooling and erosion rate between 1.0 and 0.5 Ma.This age is consistent with other research findings for this time,when the vapor channel of the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon began to take effect.These evidences suggest that climate,especially precipitation,has acting as a key factor influencing the rapid cooling and erosion in the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon since 1-0.5 Ma.     

Luminescence of carbon nanotube bulbs

Carbon nanotube (CNT) bulbs made of decimeter-scale double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) strands and films were fabricated and their luminescence properties, including the lighting efficiency, voltage-current relation and thermal stability were investigated. The results show that the DWCNT bulb has a comparable spectrum of visible light with tungsten bulb and its average efficiency is 40% higher than that of a tungsten filament at the same temperature (1400―2300 K). The nanotube filaments show both resistance and thermal stability over a large temperature region. No obvious damage was found for a nanotube bulb illuminating at 2300 K for more than 24 hours in vacuum.     

传感器输出时间序列的实时小波滤波方法

为了满足不同测控系统中传感器输出时间序列的实时滤波要求,针对小波变换不能递推进行的弱点,通过分析小波实时滤波算法,研究了基于Mallat快速离散小波变换的3种实时滤波方法：冗余采样频率法、有滞后的浮动数据窗法和对称添加的浮动数据窗法,给出了3种方法的实现过程及适应范围,分析了影响小波实时滤波中的几个关键因素。仿真实验结果表明,本文讨论的3种实时滤波方法,运行时间短,滤波性能与离线滤波相接近,可适用于一般流程工业的大部分参数变化较慢的测控系统。     

Spread of double-walled carbon nanotube membrane

A single-layer double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT) membrane, with 100 cm2 in area, 50 nm in thickness, was spread by adding a few drops of ethanol (or acetone) on the purified DWNTs. Compared with acetone, ethanol is more efficient in spreading DWNT films. The spreading rate of DWNT mem-brane increases with the ethanol concentration, and it also first increases with temperature (below 60℃), then decreases as the temperature rises to above 60℃.     

基于极限学习机的微量溶解氧传感器优化研究

溶解氧浓度作为水质检测的重要指标，在环境监测、食品加工、电力电子等行业具有重要的应用。采用基于遗传算法优化的极限学习机算法，建立了电极长度和传感器的输出电流、响应时间之间关系的预测模型，优化了阳极与电解液的接触面积，验证了传感器的测量稳定性和精度。结果表明，当阳极与阴极的反应面积之比约为33时，传感器的残余电流小于0.2 μA，上升和下降响应时间均小于60 s；重复5次的实验结果表明，自制传感器具有较好的稳定性；与商用传感器相比，自制传感器测量的相对误差小于1%，表明其具有较高的测量精度。     

基于病例-对照设计的中国马流感发生的集聚度探测研究

基于病例-对照设计、地理风险格局和集聚度探测等方法,开展我国马流行性感冒病例分布特点研究.研究显示,我国是马属动物的养殖大国,马流行性感冒在我国局部地区的马属动物群体中曾在较大范围发生.回顾性分析表明,我国马流感病例主要分布在西北和东北局部地区,2000～2007年病例集聚度探测表明,新疆伊犁州和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州交界地区坐标为(6460039.00,4277548.50)(P<0.001,R=7487976.06M,RR=273.94)病例区集聚度为最高,RR值达到273.94,显示该病例区及附近区域很有可能存在马流感疫情发生所需要的必要风险因素,提示应该加强对该区域马属动物的风险监管和主动监测.此外,在青海和甘肃等省、市和自治区的病例报道预示有沿新-青-甘-蒙一线传播态势.基于病例-对照设计和集聚度探测,初步明确了现阶段我国马流感发生风险主要集中在西北局部地区,应适时加强对我国新、甘、蒙等西北地区马流感的主动监测和马属动物的移动监管.