青蒿琥酯对人白血病K562 细胞凋亡抑制蛋白表达的影响

用Western blot 法检测青蒿琥酯对白血病K562 细胞的X 染色体连锁凋亡抑制因子 (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, XIAP)、存活素(Survivin)、细胞凋亡抑制蛋白1 (cellular IAP1, cIAP-1)和细胞凋亡抑制蛋白2 (cellular IAP2, cIAP-2)表达的影响, 以及对K562 细胞半胱 氨酸天冬氨酸酶3 (caspase-3)和多聚ADP-核糖聚合酶裂解片段(poly ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage, PARP cleavage)的作用. 青蒿琥酯能够下调XIAP, Survivin 和cIAP-2 的表达, 上调 caspase-3 活化亚基(17 kD)和PARP cleavage (85 kD)的表达. 青蒿琥酯通过下调XIAP, Survivin 和cIAP-2 的表达来诱导白血病细胞凋亡, caspase-3 也与诱导白血病细胞凋亡有关.     

生物多样性丧失机制研究进展

生物多样性是地球上所有生命形式的总称,包括物种多样性、遗传多样性以及生态系统多样性.其中,物种多样性是核心,它既体现了生物与环境之间的复杂关系,又体现了生物资源的丰富性;物种的保护是生物多样性保护的主要内容.生态系统内的物质循环和能量流动是通过许多错综复杂的食物链和食物网完成的,而动物有机体在此过程中起关键作用.因此,物种多样性,特别是动物种类多样性将直接影响整个生态系统的功能.然而,随着世界人口的持续增长和经济全球化的快速发展,人类社会对地球上的生物多样性造成了愈来愈显著的影响,在这一过程中产生的诸如栖息地丧失与破碎化、过度利用、环境污染、气候变化等现象已对物种的生存产生了严重威胁.本文以生物多样性丧失为主线,回顾了近10多年来在该方向的主要进展,重点关注人类活动对物种多样性的影响,分析了生物多样性丧失的主要原因、特征及其危害,介绍了生物多样性研究的最新方法,并根据我国生物多样性的现状提出了未来生物多样性研究中需要重点关注的科学问题.     

和频过程中的Rabi振荡与Landau-Zener遂穿过程

依据宏观现象与量子物理现象之间的相类似之处,利用干涉原理解释了和频场强度随着传输距离发生类似于原子系统中的Rabi振荡的物理机理,从Landau—Zener遂穿（LZT）N角度揭示了光学参量转换过程中的能量转移机理,以渐进解、解析解的形式详细展示出和频产生过程中的能量转移过程．     

BL Lac天体Mkn 421射电流量变化周期特性

利用芬兰Metshovi射电望远镜22和37 GHz的观测数据,得到了Mkn 421从1986年1月到2005年1月的历史光变曲线.使用DCF方法进行周期分析,结果表明:(1)Mkn 421在射电22 GHz波段具有约(3.85±0.10)yr的周期,在射电37 GHz波段具有约(4.05±0.10)yr的周期.这两个周期值的平均值为3.95 yr,是Mkn 421的最小周期,Liu等人在光学波段发现的(23.1±1.1)yr的周期可能是这个周期叠加的结果;(2)用Mkn 421在射电22和37 GHz波段的准同时数据得到射电22~37 GHz波段的谱指数,谱指数和射电流量密度之间有较强的相关.     

凝析气井产能方程

基于凝析气和反凝析油在地层中渗流特点,结合凝析气体系相态理论和渗流机理,运用状态方程进行模拟,考虑流体相态和组分的变化、凝析气井的表皮系数以及流态的性质,引入稳态理论的两相拟压力函数,建立适合凝析气井的产能分析方法,并根据凝析油的临界压力和临界饱和度与渗流的关系,给出预测凝析气井产能的三种数学模型:无凝析液析出时气井单相气体渗流数学模型;凝析液析出时气体单相参与流动的渗流数学模型;凝析油气两相流动的渗流数学模型。该方法对于凝析气井的产能预测有很大的实际意义。     

Isotopic evidence for the moisture origin and composition of surface runoff in the headwaters of the Heihe River basin

We investigated the moisture origin and contribution of different water sources to surface runoff entering the headwaters of the Heihe River basin on the basis of NECP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) re-analysis data and variations in the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (?? D and ?? ¹⁸O) of precipitation, spring, river, and melt water. The similar seasonality in precipitation ?? ¹⁸O at different sites reveals the same moisture origin for water entering the headwaters of the Heihe River basin. The similarity in the seasonality of ?? ¹⁸O and d-excess for precipitation at Yeniugou and Urumchi, which showed more positive ?? ¹⁸O and lower d-excess values in summer and more negative ?? ¹⁸O and higher d-excess values in winter, indicates a dominant effect of westerly air masses in summer and the integrated influence of westerly and polar air masses in winter. Higher d-excess values throughout the year for Yeniugou suggest that in arid inland areas of northwestern China, water is intensively recycled. Temporal changes in ?? ¹⁸O, ??D, and d-excess reveal distinct contributions of different bodies of water to surface runoff. For example, there were similar trends for ?? D, ?? ¹⁸O, and d-excess of precipitation and river water from June to September, similar ?? ¹⁸O trends for river and spring water from December to February, and similar trends for precipitation and runoff volumes. However, there were significant differences in ?? ¹⁸O between melt water and river water in September. Our results show that the recharge of surface runoff by precipitation occurred mainly from June to mid-September, whereas the supply of surface runoff in winter was from base flow (as spring water), mostly with a lower runoff amount.     

非线性绝热条件下的级联高效非线性光频转换

理论上研究了级联二阶非线性光学效应产生三次谐波中的非线性耦合与能量转移过程.依据受激拉曼绝热通道转移(STIRAP)原理和暗态特征,获得了非线性系统中的非线性绝热条件、分析了实现高效能量转换的物理机理,提出了实现能量完全转换时耦合系数应该满足的基本条件.研究结果对于设计产生三次谐波的光学器件具有重要意义.     

Decoration of C60 nanorods with nickel and their magnetic properties

We studied the coating of C60 nanorods with nickel by electroless plating method and investigated their magnetic properties. The morphology and structure of the nickel layer coated on C60 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy. The coated nickel is in the form of nano-sized crystals and becomes a continuous layer as reaction time increases. The hysteresis loop shows a super paramagnetic characteristic similar to that of nanometer-sized nickel particle. These results suggest that the average size of nickel particles on C60 rods is below 10 nm. Our study has shown that electroless plating is an efficient and simple method for coating C60 nanorods with nickel.     

Process modeling issues arising in zinc hydrometallurgy

As typical nonferrous metallurgical processes,hydrometallurgical processes are used extensively to recover elemental zinc from raw ores.Accurate system models must be established to increase automation of hydrometallurgical zinc processes with strict energy and environmental requirements.However,the modeling of such processes is hindered by their complex production characteristics and process mechanisms.In this review,we summarize some process modeling issues arising in zinc hydrometallurgy and provide several possible solutions from the perspective of our research work.     

Isotropic negative permeability composite based on Mie resonance of the BST-MgO dielectric medium

Isotropic negative permeability composite, composed of BST-MgO dielectric cubes with high permittivity dispersed in the Teflon substrate with low permittivity, was designed and fabricated based on Mie resonance and the effective medium theory. Measurements and simulations showed that the dielectric composite exhibited a strong sub-wavelength magnetic resonance at the first Mie resonance and possessed isotropic negative permeability, which resulted from the displacement current excited in the cubes. The dielectric particle was equivalent to a magnetic dipole at the magnetic resonance, which could be adjusted by the size and permittivity of the particles. It may provide a convenient method to design isotropic metamaterials and invisible cloak at infrared and visible frequencies.