Multifunctional artificial nacre via biomimetic matrix-directed mineralization

Natural nacre, one of the most studied biological structural materials with delicate hierarchical structures and extraordinary performance, has inspired the design and fabrication of artificial structural ceramics with high fracture toughness. However, to meet the diverse requirements of different applications, future structural materials must be multifunctional with superior mechanical properties, such as strength, hardness, and toughness. Herein, based on the matrix-directed mineralization method for producing biomimetic structural materials, we introduce nanoparticles with different inherent functions into the platelets of artificial nacre via the co-mineralization of aragonite and the nanoparticles. Besides their enhanced mechanical properties, the obtained artificial nacre materials also exhibit different functions depending on the type of the nanoparticles. To extend the versatility of this strategy, the effects of nanoparticles of different sizes and zeta potentials on mineralization are also analyzed. This universal strategy can be applied to the fabrication of other types of functionalized biomimetic structural ceramics that have potential applications in various fields, such as biomedical science.     

Facet effect of copper(I) sulfide nanocrystals on photoelectrochemical properties

14-facets polyhedra chalcocite Cu2S nanocrystals were synthesized by a solvothermal method. It was found that the presence of trio-n-octylphosphine during the synthesis was essential for the exposure of unconventional {110} faces. Results from photoelectrochemical measurements indicated that the polyhedra bounded by {110} facets exhibited much higher activities than the Cu2S hexagonal plates with only {001} facets.     

聚合物控制介观尺度的矿化过程

总结了最近有关聚合物分子模板控制下的介观尺度的模拟生物矿化的研究进展. 在水溶液或混合溶剂中及气-液界面处, 利用聚合物控制矿化过程可以生成具有独特结构和形貌的矿物, 并且这些人工合成的矿物常常具有与天然矿物相似的微观结构.     

风险理论及其在保险中的应用

简述了保险风险模型的主要内容(包括短期个别风险模型、短期聚合模型及破产理论)，并重点介绍了破产理论研究的一些主要问题.     

变角度空间的岩块滑落试验及结构面参数反演分析

本试验以东北大学自行研制的变角度空间块体滑落试验平台为基础,模拟不同性质岩块的滑落过程.通过采集岩块滑落的二次角度数据,应用极限平衡法和向量法对单面滑动、双面滑动及空间的滑落角度作了理论分析.根据已破裂的结构面,运用摩尔库伦理论对其力学参数进行了反分析.试验结果表明单面滑动与双面滑动的分界角度在40°至50°之间,单面滑动角度增幅较小;块体与结构面间的黏聚力随砂浆等级的提高而增大;力学参数的反分析可为块体稳定性提供一定的理论基础.     

黄芪对家兔心电图的影响

将16只家兔随机分成试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和对照Ⅳ组,每组4只,分别补饲含10、20、30、0 g的黄芪片剂. 在补饲第30 d采用标准导联测定心电图. 试验期为30 d. 结果表明:心率:Ⅰ、Ⅲ组间差异极显著(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组间差异显著(P<0.05);QT段时间:Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间差异显著(P <0.05),Ⅰ、Ⅲ组间差异显著(P <0.05);RR波时间:Ⅰ、Ⅲ组间差异显著(P <0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组间差异显著(P <0.05);T波电压:Ⅰ、Ⅳ组间差异显著(P <0.05);P波电压:Ⅱ、Ⅳ组间差异显著(P <0.05).     

第一性原理计算锐钛矿（101）面的电子结构

采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法计算了锐钛矿（101）表面的电子结构．首先对锐钛矿完整（101）表面模型进行结构优化,在此基础上计算了电子结构,得到了能带结构和态密度等数据．结果分析表明表面的电子结构与体相基本相同,在完整表面上没有出现表面态,驰豫后完整的锐钛矿（101）表面是稳定的,表面价带主要由O2p组成,导带主要由Ti3d组成,表面导带态密度变窄导致表面能隙比体相能隙略增大．通过表面原子局域态密度和Mulliken净电荷的分析,推测O2c、O3c、Ti5c可能是活性位置．