In vivo effects of immunostimulating lipopeptides on mouse liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 and on paracetamol-induced toxicity

Summary Immunomodulating lipopeptides lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2-Gly (RP 44.102) and lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2 (RP 56.142) were found to protect mice against the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol, which is due to cytochrome P-450 dependent formation of toxic metabolites and radicals. In fact they decreased the amount of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, and the level of CCl₄-induced lipid peroxidation. In contrast lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-DD-A2pmNH2 (RP 53.204), which only differs by the configuration of the two chiral carbons of A2pm (diaminopimelic acid) and is not an immunomodulating agent, failed to protect against poisoning by paracetamol and had no effect on the level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 or the microsomal CCl₄-induced lipid peroxidation. This provides a clear connection between the immunostimulating properties of a compound and its effects on xenobiotic biotransformations.     

Variations au cours de la journée de l'incorporation in vivo de la leucine tritiée dans les protéines du cervelet et du cerveau du jeune rat normal et hypothyro?dien. Daily variations of the in vivo [3H] leucine incorporation into the cerebellar and cerebral proteins of the normal and hypothyroid young rat [(author's transl)

In the normal and hypothyroid 6-day-old rat, the specific radioactivity (RSA) and the relative RSA (ratio of the RSA to the [3H] lecine concentration of the acido soluble phase) of the cerebral and cerebellar proteins, changes during the day synchronally. They show a maximum at 15.00 h and a minimum at 0.300 h. At all stages studied, these values are significantly lower in the hyothyroid animals than in normal ones.     

Nucleolus organizer region location and ‘ring’ chromosomes in the bharal

Summary Silver-staining has been used to identify the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) in the bharal. These show homology with sheep, goat, cattle and aoudad. The association of the NORs on both telomeres of chromosome 3 results in a ring chromosome.     

基于仿射变换系的分形图形的交互式生成

提出了基于仿射变换系的分形图形的交互式生成分形图形方法，用此方法可以交互式地设计出各种形状分形图案。通过这些分形图案，可以加深对分形的理解。     

水平偏置椭圆管自然对流放热的激光干涉测量

利用实时激光全息干涉法研究了水平偏置椭圆管的自然对流换热．同时分析了不同曲线拟合方法对数据整理的影响，提出了分段曲线拟合．得出了特定椭圆管局部换热系数的变化曲线，并与有关的理论解进行了比较和分析．     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚及热分解动力学

合成了N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚物,采用红外光谱法对其结构进行了表征,并利用TG,DTG和DSC热分析技术对该共聚物的耐热性能及热分解动力学进行了分析,探讨了其热分解机理.结果表明:该共聚物的热分解受单机理控制,初始热分解温度为637K;683K后热分解速率迅速增大,703K时达到最大,在761K时分解基本结束;共聚物在氮气中失重20%和50%时的温度分别为679K和700K,玻璃化转变温度为485 K;根据K issinger法求得非等温条件下共聚物热分解的表观活化能为173.21 kJ/mol,指前因子为3.293 9×1012m in-1,由Crane法求得其反应级数为0.94.     

钢管混凝土圆弧拱平面内非线性稳定承载力

采用考虑屈曲前变形的弹性稳定公式,基于统一理论的钢管混凝土截面抗压承载力计算方法,研究了均布径向荷载作用下钢管混凝土圆弧拱的平面内非线性稳定承载力,并在分析中考虑了几何非线性、材料非线性和拱肋初始缺陷的影响.通过对比有限元结果和各国典型设计规范提供的稳定系数公式,提出了适合钢管混凝土圆弧拱的平面内非线性稳定系数,为钢管混凝土拱桥的设计提供依据.     

环氧聚氨酯乳液的黏度和稳定性

采用聚酰胺对环氧树脂进行扩链后并进行阳离子化改性,共混入聚氨酯固化剂,用外加乳化剂进行相反转,制得了环氧聚氨酯乳液,研究了溶剂用量及溶剂配比、改性环氧树脂相对分子质量大小、水溶性及固化剂用量等对乳液黏度和稳定性的影响.实验发现:树脂体系中溶剂量存在一临界值为8.8%(质量分数,下同),当溶剂量高于8.8%时,较难发生相反转,制得的乳液不稳定;当溶剂用量低于8.8%时,能发生相反转,且乳液稳定性好;疏水性的二甲苯部分代替亲水性的乙二醇单丁醚,能显著降低改性环氧树脂的黏度和最终乳液的黏度.当聚酰胺用量为环氧树脂用量的6.0%~6.5%时,中和度达65%,改性环氧树脂水溶性较好;控制固化剂量为改性环氧树脂量的15.0%~20.0%时,制得的乳液稳定性好.     

乳化剂对核壳含氟苯丙乳胶粒形貌及涂膜润湿性的影响

采用预乳化半连续种子乳液聚合方法,选用3种乳化剂体系(SDS/OP-10,DNS-86,DNS-86与含氟乳化剂复配)制备含氟苯丙乳液,研究其对合成核壳含氟苯丙乳液的乳胶粒形貌和乳液涂膜疏水疏油性的影响.利用透射电镜、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱和水/油接触角测试对所制备乳液的乳胶粒形貌、化学组成、涂膜表面元素信息和疏水...     

多智能体涌现生成的群体行为仿真

众多实验表明,以建模仿真的方法研究复杂的群体行为是一条可行有效的途径.针对如何使所构建的群体行为模型在仿真过程中,既能表现自主、智能的个体行为,又能表现灵活、适应的整体行为,提出了一种基于智能体的综合建模方法,重点从信息获取、决策判断、运动控制三个方面对智能体模型的设计与实现进行了论述,并以实验结果证明了多智能体在交互.协调作用下涌现生成可视化群体行为仿真的科学性及合理性.