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Worobey M Santiago ML Keele BF Ndjango JB Joy JB Labama BL Dhed'A BD Rambaut A Sharp PM Shaw GM Hahn BH 《Nature》2004,428(6985):820
Despite strong evidence to the contrary, speculation continues that the AIDS virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), may have crossed into humans as a result of contamination of the oral polio vaccine (OPV). This 'OPV/AIDS theory' claims that chimpanzees from the vicinity of Stanleyville--now Kisangani in the Democratic Republic of Congo--were the source of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz) that was transmitted to humans when chimpanzee tissues were allegedly used in the preparation of OPV. Here we show that SIVcpz is indeed endemic in wild chimpanzees of this region but that the circulating virus is phylogenetically distinct from all strains of HIV-1, providing direct evidence that these chimpanzees were not the source of the human AIDS pandemic. 相似文献
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Manske M Miotto O Campino S Auburn S Almagro-Garcia J Maslen G O'Brien J Djimde A Doumbo O Zongo I Ouedraogo JB Michon P Mueller I Siba P Nzila A Borrmann S Kiara SM Marsh K Jiang H Su XZ Amaratunga C Fairhurst R Socheat D Nosten F Imwong M White NJ Sanders M Anastasi E Alcock D Drury E Oyola S Quail MA Turner DJ Ruano-Rubio V Jyothi D Amenga-Etego L Hubbart C Jeffreys A Rowlands K Sutherland C Roper C Mangano V Modiano D Tan JC Ferdig MT Amambua-Ngwa A Conway DJ Takala-Harrison S Plowe CV 《Nature》2012,487(7407):375-379
Malaria elimination strategies require surveillance of the parasite population for genetic changes that demand a public health response, such as new forms of drug resistance. Here we describe methods for the large-scale analysis of genetic variation in Plasmodium falciparum by deep sequencing of parasite DNA obtained from the blood of patients with malaria, either directly or after short-term culture. Analysis of 86,158 exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms that passed genotyping quality control in 227 samples from Africa, Asia and Oceania provides genome-wide estimates of allele frequency distribution, population structure and linkage disequilibrium. By comparing the genetic diversity of individual infections with that of the local parasite population, we derive a metric of within-host diversity that is related to the level of inbreeding in the population. An open-access web application has been established for the exploration of regional differences in allele frequency and of highly differentiated loci in the P.?falciparum genome. 相似文献
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Transcriptional regulatory code of a eukaryotic genome 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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