非线性规划的极大熵方法

使用极大熵方法详细研究了光滑逼近函数的解收敛到原优化问题的解的所谓收敛性定理．     

可微函数鞍点识别的条件

列举了Ｗｉｓｍｅｒ等人所给的鞍点识别充分条件的反例，并给出了正确的鞍点识别条件。     

Constraints on the volatile distribution within Shackleton crater at the lunar south pole

Shackleton crater is nearly coincident with the Moon's south pole. Its interior receives almost no direct sunlight and is a perennial cold trap, making Shackleton a promising candidate location in which to seek sequestered volatiles. However, previous orbital and Earth-based radar mapping and orbital optical imaging have yielded conflicting interpretations about the existence of volatiles. Here we present observations from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter on board the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, revealing Shackleton to be an ancient, unusually well-preserved simple crater whose interior walls are fresher than its floor and rim. Shackleton floor deposits are nearly the same age as the rim, suggesting that little floor deposition has occurred since the crater formed more than three billion years ago. At a wavelength of 1,064 nanometres, the floor of Shackleton is brighter than the surrounding terrain and the interiors of nearby craters, but not as bright as the interior walls. The combined observations are explicable primarily by downslope movement of regolith on the walls exposing fresher underlying material. The relatively brighter crater floor is most simply explained by decreased space weathering due to shadowing, but a one-micrometre-thick layer containing about 20 per cent surficial ice is an alternative possibility.     

Rapid developmental switch in the mechanisms driving early cortical columnar networks

The immature cerebral cortex self-organizes into local neuronal clusters long before it is activated by patterned sensory inputs. In the cortical anlage of newborn mammals, neurons coassemble through electrical or chemical synapses either spontaneously or by activation of transmitter-gated receptors. The neuronal network and the cellular mechanisms underlying this cortical self-organization process during early development are not completely understood. Here we show in an intact in vitro preparation of the immature mouse cerebral cortex that neurons are functionally coupled in local clusters by means of propagating network oscillations in the beta frequency range. In the newborn mouse, this activity requires an intact subplate and is strongly synchronized within a cortical column by gap junctions. With the developmental disappearance of the subplate at the end of the first postnatal week, activation of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors in the immature cortical network is essential to generate this columnar activity pattern. Our findings show that during a brief developmental period the cortical network switches from a subplate-driven, gap-junction-coupled syncytium to a synaptic network acting through NMDA receptors to generate synchronized oscillatory activity, which may function as an early functional template for the development of the cortical columnar architecture.     

《弱拟凸集的一些性质及其应用》一文的注

研究了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中闭弱拟凸集的性质，并据此指出文〔１〕结果是微不足道的．     

有摩擦的金融市场套利与鞅

对带有交易费用和偿付约束的金融市场套利与鞅的关系问题进行了研究，得到了一些有意义的结果。     

Banach空间上函数的凸性及其性质

对于Ｂａｎａｃｎ空间上的函数给出了１７种凸性的概念；讨论了它们之间的相互关系及性质，所得结果改进了文〔１￣４〕中的相应结论。     

算子方程解存在的充要条件

在线性赋范空间内研究了算子方程有解的充要条件，所得结果不同于以往仅考虑解存在充分性时的结果。同时指出文「４」的结果是错误的。