Aero-optical wavefront measurement technique based on BOS and its applications

A collimated light beam will be refracted if it propagates through a flow-field with index-of-refraction variations,and its wavefront will be distorted.If we measure the deflection angle of the light beam,the gradient of the wavefront can be obtained using the Malus law,and the wavefront aberration can be computed with a reconstruction algorithm.Two characteristics of background oriented schlieren(BOS) are conducive to wavefront aberration measurement:BOS can be used to measure the deflection angle of a light beam by measuring the displacement field between the reference image and the experiment image.Moreover,in a BOS system of Schlieren mode,only the ray perpendicular to the background image can be captured with a camera.This is helpful to measure wavefront aberrations that occur after a planar wavefront has passed through the flow-field.Based on these characteristics of BOS of Schlieren mode,a new wavefront measurement technique,which is called the BOS-based wavefront technique(BOS-WT),is proposed in this paper.It works by constructing the relationship between the displacement of the background image and the aero-optical wavefront gradient and uses the Southwell wavefront reconstruction algorithm.A BOS-WT system was assembled,and its temporal resolution was found to be 6 ns,and its temporal-correlation resolution reached 0.2 μs.A BOS-WT can measure the time-correlation transient wavefront quantitatively.It is simple and easy to operate.In this paper,we also present a study of the aero-optical performance of supersonic mixing layer based on our BOS-WT transient wavefronts at an interval of 5 μs.The results showed the wavefront was transient and distorted after it had passed through the mixing layer.Through the analysis of the data at the 5 μs interval,the temporal evolution of wavefront can be obtained.     

Design of an air-slot mode-gap nanocavity in a two dimensional photonic crystal slab

We present a novel and simple design of an air-slot mode-gap photonic crystal(PC) nanocavity by introducing a linear air slot to the center of a line-defect waveguide in a two dimensional triangular-lattice silicon PC slab.A high quality factor(Q factor) of 8.42*105 and an ultrasmall mode volume of 0.998 cubic wavelength are achieved in an optimized air-slot nanocavity which is a suitable choice for the strong matter-field interaction in free space.The high Q cavities with ultrasmall mode volume are important for applications such as quantum computation and nonlinear optics.     

分层基法对差分方程的应用

设Ａｕ＝ｂ是二阶椭圆方程的差分逼近，熟知矩阵Ａ的条件数ｃｏｎｄ（Ａ）＝Ｏ（ｈ￣（－２））（ｈ→０）．将差分方程表为ＧＤＭ（广义差分法）形式，并利用分层基法将它化为等价方程Ｂｖ＝ｃ，使ｃｏｎｄ（Ｂ）＝Ｏ（（Ｉｇｈ￣（－１））￣２）．然后用某些迭比法（包括Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ迭氏、共轭斜量法和Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｖ半迭代）解Ｂｖ＝ｃ。理论分析和数值试验证明有高敛速。     

机电传感器的特征化及其特征参数的确定

本文指出用Z参数和ABCD参数分别表示机电传感器在接收状态和发生状态下的网络参数是方便且合理的。然后本文规定接收器灵敏度和发生器发射电压和电流响应作为其相应的特征化参数。进而,本文提出一个三参数模型描述传感器的行为,并发展一个复数最小二乘拟合Fortran计算方法求出数学介。这样,机电传感器的网络参数和特征化参数可从它的一组电阻抗和负载阻抗数据对确定。     

The experimental study of interaction between shock wave and turbulence

The interaction between shock wave and turbulence has been studied in supersonic turbulent mix layer wind tunnel. The interaction between oblique shock wave and turbulent boundary layer and the influence of large vortex in mix layer on oblique shock wave have been observed by NPLS technique. From NPLS image, not only complex flow structure is observed but also time-dependent supersonic flow visualization is realized. The mechanism of interaction between shock wave and turbulence is discussed based on high quality NPLS image.     

In-plane elastic stability of fixed parabolic shallow arches

The nonlinear behavior of fixed parabolic shallow arches subjected to a vertical uniform load is investigated to evaluate the in-plane buckling load.The virtual work principle method is used to establish the non-linear equilibrium and buckling equations.Analytical solutions for the non-linear in-plane symmetric snap-through and antisymmetric bifurcation buckling loads are obtained.Based on the least square method,an approximation for the symmetric buckling load of fixed parabolic arch is proposed to simplif...     

Ionic liquids containing the urea moiety for recognition of halides and complex anions

A series of novel imidazolium based ionic liquids containing the urea moiety were designed and synthesized for anion recognition. 1-Ethylurea-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Eumim]OAc) was used as the receptor for the halides and complex anions (BF4-, PF6-, BPh4-). 1H NMR spectra showed that the urea protons and imidazolium C(2) proton of the receptor ([Eumim]OAc) moved upfield on addition of various anions. A Job plot showed that the [Eumim]OAc receptor formed a 1:1 complex with BPh4-. X-ray diffraction analysis and the molecular modeling study revealed that the conformations of [Eumim]OAc and [Eumim]BPh4 were different. The conformational change of the cation was caused by anion exchange, and may provide an alternative to current methods for recognition of anions.     

激光间接驱动聚变内爆流体不稳定性研究

激光间接驱动惯性约束聚变(ICF)内爆过程多层靶球各个界面发生的流体力学不稳定性是影响聚变点火成功的关键因素.为深入了解内爆过程这样不稳定性的发生、发展和它对聚变点火的影响,研制成了研究内爆多介质辐射流体力学过程的高精度二维(局部三维)大型LARED-S程序,并在长期研究实践中不断发展和改善.该程序模拟结果与不稳定性线性和弱非线性解析结果,以及非线性激波管实验结果都很好符合.应用这一程序,进行了大量数值模拟研究,结合理论模型分析,获得了大量流体力学不稳定性发展和演化的重要结果和物理规律认识.获得了具有不同密度、速度、磁场分布的Rayleigh-Taylor(RT)和Kelvin-Helmholtz(KH)不稳定性的线性增长率,以及它们在不可压缩条件下的弱非线性发展的解析解,表明了两者在不同Froude数、密度过渡层厚度、速度剪切层下的竞争关系;通过数值模拟,发现弱预热条件下烧蚀RT不稳定性二次谐波非线性发展导致不稳定增长尖钉(Spike)断裂的重要过程;数值模拟进一步揭露了强预热条件下,烧蚀RT不稳定性非线性发展导致不稳定增长尖钉出现射流状结构,气泡发生加速;还发现强烈的电子热传导使初始单模扰动的KH不稳定性大大削弱,然而却可能使两模扰动非线性发展增大混合尺度.在神光II激光装置上开展了一系列烧蚀RT不稳定性实验.平面靶烧蚀加速飞行轨迹实验结果与LARED-S模拟结果的比较表明腔壁辐射源能流明显小于激光注入孔的辐射能流,且辐射源的非平衡Planckian谱对靶的飞行轨迹和扰动增长有重要影响.实验分别观测到初始小扰动幅度烧蚀RT明显的增长和初始大扰动幅度尖钉变窄和气泡变宽的清晰物理图像.通过提高空间分辨率,实验获得了二次和三次谐波的增长数据.模拟结果与实验结果相符合.神光II激光装置上开展的流体不稳定性实验考核了LARED-S程序的一维和二维计算.在上述理论和实验认识基础上,进行了ICF聚变点火靶物理研究.主要研究靶丸内外表面单球谐模扰动、辐射不对称性、内爆热斑界面不稳定性、黑腔辐射M带以及氘氚(DT)主燃料低阶模面密度不均匀性等物理过程对ICF内爆流体不稳定性的影响.对于ICF间接驱动初始烧蚀层外表面和DT冰内表面的单模粗糙度扰动和辐射驱动不对称性扰动,获得了不稳定性增长规律,提高了热斑界面扰动增长对点火影响和黑腔M带X射线能谱对内爆稳定性影响的物理认识.模拟研究表明DT主燃料面密度不均匀严重影响内爆动能转换为燃料内能的效率和内爆惯性约束时间.研究结果不仅对研究ICF内爆点火有重要参考价值,而且对发生在天体和自然界中流体不稳定性的物理本质理解会有帮助.     

Cupric ion release and cytotoxicity for Yuangong Cu-IUDs and the release behavior of indomethacin for medicated 220 Cu-IUD

These years Yuangong copper-bearing intrauterine devices （Cu-IUDs） have been used because of less side effects in use. The corrosion of copper is essential to the success of contraception, and the release behavior of indomethacin from medicated Cu-IUD is related to its therapeutic effect. In this study, analytical methods were established to investigate the release behavior of cupric ion of three kinds of Yuangong Cu-IUDs and indomethacin of medicated Yuangong 220 Cu-IUD. Cu-IUDs were incubated in simulated uterine solution （SUS）. The concentrations of cupric ion and indomethacin were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometer （FAAS） for 60 days and UV/vis -3310 spectrophotometer for 60 days, respectively. The morphology of copper after corrosion was characterized by SEM. In addition, we detected cytotoxicity by MTT of L929 mouse fibroblasts cells caused by extracts of the three Yuangong Cu-IUDs. The release behavior of cupric ion for three kinds of Yuangong Cu-IUDs was biphasic, which consisted of the initial burst release and then slow and constant release. In vitro release experiment confirmed a biphasic release of indomethacin from Yuangong 220. The copper wire of Yuangong Cu-IUDs showed uneven corrosion. The RGR value of Yuangong 365 Cu-IUD was smaller than that of medicated Yuangong 220 Cu-IUD and RGR value of medicated Yuangong 220 Cu-IUD was smaller than that of Yuangong 300 Cu-IUD. The cupric ion release and indomethacin release showed biphasic. Indomethacin increased the cupric ion release rate and might diminish the adverse effects caused by burst release of cupric ion. The toxicity grade of these three Yuangong Cu-IUDs was 4. We should canvass the adverse events of Cu-lUDs based on practical experiments, and try our best to reduce the toxicity of Cu-lUDs.