连续玻纤增强聚丙烯熔融浸渍过程降黏研究

将不同配比的高黏度聚丙烯与低黏度聚丙烯共混制备高低黏度树脂混配基体,旋转流变测试结果显示低黏度聚丙烯的加入显著降低了共混体系的黏度。以高低黏度聚丙烯共混物为热塑树脂基体,采用熔融浸渍方法制备连续玻纤增强聚丙烯热塑预浸带。研究发现随着低黏度聚丙烯含量的增加,热塑树脂基体的加工性能明显提高,预浸带制品的孔隙率及纤维断裂率逐渐降低。将各组预浸带模压成型后进行力学测试,结果显示低黏度聚丙烯的加入使层压板层间剪切强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度均出现小幅度下降,而对冲击强度基本无影响。结合加工性能及力学性能,低黏度聚丙烯质量分数10%时共混物的综合性能最佳。     

An important functional group,benzo[1,3]dioxole,of alkaloids induces the formation of the human telomeric DNA G-quadruplex

Over the past few decades, numerous molecules have been discovered or designed to interact efficiently and selectively with a peculiar DNA structure named G-quadruplex. Some of these molecules have been developed as anticancer agents. To aid the design of anticancer agents, the ability of alkaloids possessing Protoberberine and Benzophenanthridine groups to induce the formation of G-quadruplexes were studied using CD spectroscopy. By careful examination of their structures, we found that a benzo[1,3]dioxole group plays an important role in influencing their inductive properties. The more functional groups the alkaloids have, the stronger their G-quadruplex inductive ability.     

Influence of B,Al and Nb addition on the glass forming ability and stability of mechanically alloyed Zr-Ni amorphous alloys

We investigated the influence of minor additions of B,Al and Nb that have representative atomic sizes on the glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of Zr-Ni amorphous alloys during mechanical alloying. The results show that the minor addition of B,Al or Nb does not shorten the initial time of the full amorphization reaction or improve the glass forming ability of the Zr-Ni alloys at a low rotation speed. However,B addition can effectively improve the mechanical stability of the amorphous phase against me...     

An approximate analytical solution to the ultrafiltration profile in a hemodialysis process between parallel porous plates

In a hemodialysis process, the blood that runs through straight channels exchanges substances with the dialysate through a semi-permeable membrane. The waste products, such as urea and creatinine, are therefore removed from the plasma by the membrane. In the analysis of this process, determination of the ultra-filtration profile along the porous membrane surface remains a difficult problem. In this work, an analytical solution to the derivation of such a profile was detailed, and the feasibility of this solution was discussed. The ultra-filtration profile was found to be in a cosine shape.     

非均匀材料反平面裂纹问题的特征函数

针对非均匀材料的线弹性断裂力学基本理论问题，从理论上探讨了将均匀材料的特征函数结构即Williams解推广到非均匀材料的合理性；并以反平面问题为例，给出了该问题任意阶特征函数的定解方程；进一步给出了非均匀材料反平面问题的Williams型解．该特征函数解从理论上揭示了非均匀性对裂纹尖端场结构的影响．     

奖励收集顶点覆盖问题的一个2-近似算法

给定图G、点赋权函数c和边惩罚费用w,对于图中任一顶点子集FV,F的权重可定义为其包含的顶点权重之和加上图G中未被其覆盖的边的费用之和。如何寻找一个权重最小的顶点子集F是近年来研究者广泛关注的问题之一。这一问题被称作奖励收集顶点覆盖问题。本文采用迭代松弛方法给出了这一问题的一个近似算法,并证明了该算法的近似度为2。     

从苦豆子中分离纯化苦参碱和槐定碱的工艺研究

运用稀酸水法从苦豆子种子中提取生物碱,最佳提取条件为料液比1∶30,pH 1.5,提取时间5h。使用大孔树脂吸附法对提取的生物碱进行纯化,考察了SP850、SP825、SP700、SP207、AB-8等5种树脂的吸附效果,其中SP850型树脂吸附量和解析量均最大,分别为27.4mg/mL和20.4mg/mL。测定了体积分数为50%、60%、70%的乙醇洗脱效果,确定了60%乙醇为最佳洗脱浓度,洗脱体积为6倍柱体积。经氯仿萃取和旋转蒸发,得到纯度达83.5%的生物碱粗产品。运用硅胶柱层析技术从生物碱粗品中分离生物碱单体,考察了氯仿-甲醇-氨水系统,正己烷-乙醇-氨水系统,丙酮-甲醇-氨水系统在硅胶薄层色谱上对生物碱的分离效果,确定以V_正己烷∶V_乙醇∶V_氨水=8∶2∶0.1作为流动相。收集洗脱液,经过结晶和重结晶,得到苦参碱和槐定碱晶体。经检测,苦参碱纯度为98.3%,槐定碱纯度达96.8%。     

激光间接驱动聚变内爆流体不稳定性研究

激光间接驱动惯性约束聚变(ICF)内爆过程多层靶球各个界面发生的流体力学不稳定性是影响聚变点火成功的关键因素.为深入了解内爆过程这样不稳定性的发生、发展和它对聚变点火的影响,研制成了研究内爆多介质辐射流体力学过程的高精度二维(局部三维)大型LARED-S程序,并在长期研究实践中不断发展和改善.该程序模拟结果与不稳定性线性和弱非线性解析结果,以及非线性激波管实验结果都很好符合.应用这一程序,进行了大量数值模拟研究,结合理论模型分析,获得了大量流体力学不稳定性发展和演化的重要结果和物理规律认识.获得了具有不同密度、速度、磁场分布的Rayleigh-Taylor(RT)和Kelvin-Helmholtz(KH)不稳定性的线性增长率,以及它们在不可压缩条件下的弱非线性发展的解析解,表明了两者在不同Froude数、密度过渡层厚度、速度剪切层下的竞争关系;通过数值模拟,发现弱预热条件下烧蚀RT不稳定性二次谐波非线性发展导致不稳定增长尖钉(Spike)断裂的重要过程;数值模拟进一步揭露了强预热条件下,烧蚀RT不稳定性非线性发展导致不稳定增长尖钉出现射流状结构,气泡发生加速;还发现强烈的电子热传导使初始单模扰动的KH不稳定性大大削弱,然而却可能使两模扰动非线性发展增大混合尺度.在神光II激光装置上开展了一系列烧蚀RT不稳定性实验.平面靶烧蚀加速飞行轨迹实验结果与LARED-S模拟结果的比较表明腔壁辐射源能流明显小于激光注入孔的辐射能流,且辐射源的非平衡Planckian谱对靶的飞行轨迹和扰动增长有重要影响.实验分别观测到初始小扰动幅度烧蚀RT明显的增长和初始大扰动幅度尖钉变窄和气泡变宽的清晰物理图像.通过提高空间分辨率,实验获得了二次和三次谐波的增长数据.模拟结果与实验结果相符合.神光II激光装置上开展的流体不稳定性实验考核了LARED-S程序的一维和二维计算.在上述理论和实验认识基础上,进行了ICF聚变点火靶物理研究.主要研究靶丸内外表面单球谐模扰动、辐射不对称性、内爆热斑界面不稳定性、黑腔辐射M带以及氘氚(DT)主燃料低阶模面密度不均匀性等物理过程对ICF内爆流体不稳定性的影响.对于ICF间接驱动初始烧蚀层外表面和DT冰内表面的单模粗糙度扰动和辐射驱动不对称性扰动,获得了不稳定性增长规律,提高了热斑界面扰动增长对点火影响和黑腔M带X射线能谱对内爆稳定性影响的物理认识.模拟研究表明DT主燃料面密度不均匀严重影响内爆动能转换为燃料内能的效率和内爆惯性约束时间.研究结果不仅对研究ICF内爆点火有重要参考价值,而且对发生在天体和自然界中流体不稳定性的物理本质理解会有帮助.     

Roles of flanking sequences in the binding between unimolecular parallel-stranded G-quadruplexes and ligands

G-quadruplexes attract more and more attention in recent years.Numerous small molecules which can induce or stabilize the formation of G-quadruplexes have been investigated on the purpose of anticancer drug development.As a motif existed in physiological condition,flanking sequences are an important part of G-quadruplexes but the study on the impact of flanking sequences on (G-quadruplex)-ligand binding is rarely reported.In this paper,the effects of flanking sequences on binding affinity between a series of unimolecular parallel-stranded G-quadruplex sequences derived from c-myc oncogene promoter (termed as c-myc G-quadruplexes) and their ligands are discussed in detail.The results showed that the flanking sequences on c-myc G-quadruplexes play key roles in (G-quadruplex)-ligand interaction.When a c-myc G-quadruplex is bound to its ligands,the flanking sequences might form a binding cavity above the terminal G-quartet,which could provide a suitable site for ligands to dock in.Moreover,the bases on flanking sequences could interact with ligand through π-π stacking,and finally form a sandwich-stacking mode (terminal G-quartet,ligand and bases on the flanking sequence).This mode could stabilize the (G-quadruplex)-ligand complex effectively and enhance the binding affinity dramatically.However,flanking sequences are also found to exhibit steric hindrance effect which could impede the (G-quadruplex)-ligand binding.     

苦豆子生物碱抗菌活性的测定

采用抑菌圈法测定了槐定碱、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、苦豆子总碱对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、番茄早疫、番茄灰霉和辣椒炭疽的抗菌活性。试验结果表明,5种生物碱对3种细菌生长均具有显著的抑制作用,其中槐定碱和苦参碱对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和番茄早疫的抗菌效果明显优于其他3种生物碱,苦参碱对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）达到12.5μg/mL。5种生物碱对3种真菌的抗菌效果弱于对3种细菌的抗菌效果,5种生物碱对3种真菌的MIC大于等于100μg/mL,氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱和苦豆子总碱对番茄灰霉菌的MIC均达400μg/mL。在质量浓度为100μg/mL时,5种生物碱中仅槐定碱表现出对辣椒炭疽菌的抑制作用。苦豆子总碱抗菌活性影响因素的试验结果表明,苦豆子总碱具有良好的热稳定性,在弱碱性条件下(pH 8左右)具有更好的抑菌活性,在至少12h内能够持续、稳定的对供试菌产生抑制作用。