三向等压荷载历史后混凝土超声波探伤方法研究

采用两组混凝土立方体试件,对其施加三向等压荷载历史作用,分别测量载前和载后的抗压强度、劈拉强度和超声波速.首先研究了经历过三向等压荷载历史后超声波速的劣化以及混凝土强度与声速的关系.然后,用抗压强度和抗拉强度的劣化来定义混凝土的损伤,研究了损伤与超声波速降低的关系.根据试验数据拟合得到损伤的演化方程,从中可以看出损伤与超声波速的降低之间具有较好的线性相关性,且有明显的超声波速降低临界值.研究表明,根据超声探伤方法测得的声速,结合混凝土经历的荷载历史和配比等因素,可以为工程提供较为可靠的损伤估计值,对实际工程的指导意义重大.     

刺玫果中氨基酸组成及含量的测定

本文测定了刺玫果中的氨基酸组成及含量，并与同科植物进行了比较。实验表明，该果实中氨基酸组成齐全、含量高；E／E＋N为对照样品的2—3倍。因此是一种很有价值的绿色植物。     

Recent progress in terahertz science and technology

The relatively new technique of coherent electromagnetic radiation, in the region of 1012 Hz, has potential to detect the nature of low energy processes in physics, chemistry and biomedicine. In this review article, an overview of recent progress of terahertz (THz) science and technology is presented. The development of the THz generation and detection system, the THz radiation applications which include THz time-domain spectroscopy and T-ray imaging, and the future potential of THz wave research are discussed.     

Formation of calcium phosphate mineral materialcontrolled by microemulsion

In order to prepare calcium phosphate-based material with nano-structure and bioactivity, natural lecithin and n-tetradecane were used as the amphipile and the oil phase respectively, along with the water phase, to form a microemulsion template. Phosphate mineralization was induced and controlled by the microemulsion. The products, characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, are composed of lecithin and hydroxyapatite, and possess the nano-structure of sticks, balls and three-dimensional nets connected by tubes. These results show that the microemulsion can be used to control calcium phosphate mineralization for the preparation of biomimetic mineral materials with various nano-structures.     

Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

<正> Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.     

模糊以致精确

本文论述翻译理解及表达中对精确信息与模糊信息的处理,阐明语言的模糊性与翻译转换的精确性应该是相辅相存、相互渗透的,在一定条件下可以实现转化。因而翻译时对语言精确性和模糊性不可偏废、不可夸大,才能制成好译文。     

英汉古典诗格律比较

诗是最凝练、最富有表现力的艺术形式,是语言的精华,诗的格律是由无数诗人的长期创作实践而形成的一套诗创作声律方面的格式和规则。格律的各种要素,使人们在听觉上,视觉上和意念上对诗歌产生综合的美感。平仄及音步的程式能使诗产生抑扬之美,用韵规则可使诗具有回环之美。     

发电商投标策略的不确定型模型

针对电力市场建立初期发电商选择投标策略较为困难的问题，提出了发电商投标策略的不确定型模型．在考虑市场信息不完全的条件下，通过估计竞争对手的最低投标建立发电商的收益矩阵．该模型采用最大最小决策准则从收益矩阵中直接选取单时段优化的投标策略，减少了状态数．所提模型考虑了多时段投标问题，采用动态规划处理机组启停约束，能够快速得到连续多时段的投标策略．在与已有方法所得利润比较接近的条件下，10机模拟系统的计算时间仅需0．03s．最后算例说明了该模型的有效性和实用性．     

水热温差法生长人造水晶及其过程控制

本文介绍了水热温差法生长人造水晶的工业过程，并对影响水晶产量和质量的因素进行了讨论，提出了切实有效的过程控制方法．     

Reach Envelope of Human Extremities

Significant attention in recent years has been given to obtain a better understanding of human joint ranges, measurement, and functionality, especially in conjunction with commands issued by the central nervous system. While researchers have studied motor commands needed to drive a limb to follow a path trajectory, various computer algorithms have been reported that provide adequate analysis of limb modeling and motion. This paper uses a rigorous mathematical formulation to model human limbs, understand their reach envelope, delineate barriers therein where a trajectory becomes difficult to control, and help visualize these barriers. Workspaces of a typical forearm with 9 degrees of freedom, a typical finger modeled as a 4-degree-of-freedom system, and a lower extremity with 4 degrees of freedom are discussed. The results show that using the proposed formulation, joint limits play an important role in distinguishing the barriers.