An electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study of the electronic and ionic transport properties of LiCoO2 cathode

The storage behavior and process of the first delithiation-lithiation of LiCoO2 cathode were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The electronic and ionic transport properties of LiCoO2 cathode along with variation of electrode potential were obtained in 1 mol·L?1 LiPF6-EC:DMC:DEC electrolyte solution. It was found that after 9 h storage of the LiCoO2 cathode in electrolyte solu-tions,a new arc appears in the medium frequency range in Nyquist plots of EIS,which increases with increasing the storage time. In the charge/discharge processes,the diameter of the new arc is reversi-bly changed with electrode potential. Such variation coincides well with the electrode potential de-pendence of electronic conductivity of the LiCoO2. Thus this new EIS feature is attributed to the change of electronic conductivity of LixCoO2 during storage of the LiCoO2 cathode in electrolyte solutions,as well as in processes of intercalation-deintercalationtion of lithium ions. It has been revealed that the reversible increase and decrease of the resistance of SEI film in charge-discharge processes can be also ascribed to the variation of electronic conductance of active materials of the LiCoO2 cathode.     

Shock wave compression of poled Pb0.99[(Zr0.90Sn0.10)0.96Ti0.04]0.98Nb0.02O3 ceramics: Depoling currents in axial and normal modes

We used a 100-mm diameter gas gun to investigate the output currents due to the sudden depolarization of poled Pb 0.99 [(Zr 0.90 Sn 0.10) 0.96 Ti 0.04 ] 0.98 Nb 0.02 O 3 ceramics under shock wave compression.We conducted shock wave experiments for the normal/axial mode with the polarization vector perpendicular/antiparallel to the shock vector.The shock pressure was in the range of 0.23 to 4.50 GPa.We measured the depoling currents under short-circuit,high-impedance,and breakdown conditions.Under the short-circuit condition,the dependence of the released charge on the shock pressure demonstrates the evolution of the ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric phase transition.The onset pressure of the phase transition is between 0.23 and 0.61 GPa,and phase transition occurs completely above 1.22 GPa.The increasing load resistance decreases the released charge and increases the released energy.The results indicate that Pb[(ZrSn)Ti]NbOceramic is a good candidate for a pulsed power generator.     

珍珠母堆垛微结构的力学性能和热稳定性

一直以来,软体动物贝壳内的珍珠母因为其由文石片和片间有机基质薄层堆垛而成的微结构及其卓越的力学行为而广受关注,但对贝壳珍珠母的多级结构,尤其是其中的两级有机基质结构的力学功能研究甚少.本文通过机械载荷和温度载荷组合来研究皱纹盘鲍（Haliotis Discus Hannai）贝壳内的珍珠母的结构和力学特性关联.发现文石片层间的有机基质的热解有效降低了珍珠母堆垛微结构的强度和韧性,并在250℃时使珍珠母的层叠堆垛结构完全崩溃,此时有机基质的热解量约为1.7wt%,仅为有机基质总量的40%.而力学性能试验比较发现,珍珠母堆垛微结构的热稳定远低于其基本组成单元——文石片纳米复合结构.另外,尽管有机基质薄层的黏着作用对珍珠母的力学性能具有积极意义,但珍珠母微结构本身的逐层交错堆垛设计机制是影响其刚度的决定性因素.