L-色氨酸的气浮络合萃取及其分离机制

应用气浮络合萃取技术（FCE）,实现了水溶液中微量L-色氨酸的分离富集。对气浮络合萃取工艺进行了研究,并对L-色氨酸气浮络合萃取的动力学以及机制进行了探讨。结果表明,与传统的络合萃取技术相比,气浮络合萃取在萃取效率和有机溶剂用量上都有明显的优势;在常温、L-色氨酸水溶液300mL、质量浓度为20mg/L、初始 pH 6.0、浮选溶剂为P204-正己烷溶液（P204体积分数为80%）10.00mL、NaCl摩尔浓度 0.20mol/L、通N2流速40mL/min 的条件下,气浮络合萃取分离水溶液中L-色氨酸的分配系数可达80;L-色氨酸的气浮络合萃取过程符合2.5级动力学,且主要受L-色氨酸与P204之间的络合反应控制。     

Influence of contaminations on combustion kinetics in hydrogen-fueled engine

In this work, we investigate the combustion of hydrogen fuel through the wind tunnel tests. Two kinds of fuel, the pure hydrogen and the hydrogen-ethene mixture, have been chosen to heat the oxygen-enriched air. It is found that the stable pressure in the engine combustor and the thrusts is almost the same in two cases. A valuable feature we revealed is that the heating pattern of hydrogen and ethene mixture leads to a considerable delay of the establishment of the wall pressure in the combustor, compared with the pure hydrogen case. This phenomenon implies a longer ignition delay time for the mixture case. The shorter ignition delay resulting from the hydrogen heater is attributed to the continuity of chain propagation and the exclusion of the less active C-containing radicals.     

Application of triple potential step amperometry method for quantitative electroanalysis

A novel quantitative electroanalysis method, triple potential step amperometry (TPSA), was developed and explained with an example of nitrobenzene analyzing in water. The selectivity of TPSA was im- proved by controlling the potential step within a narrow interval and using enzyme-modified electrode, the narrow potential step makes the method avoid most interferents, and enzyme-modified electrode can enhance the response of target substance selectively. The peak area was investigated for quanti- tative calibration, such as nitrobenzene concentration showing a linear relation with the peak area, with the correlation coefficients being 0.9995. The t-test and F-test were applied to evaluating the reliability of TPSA, the results showed that there was no evidence of systematic error for TPSA, and the method was of no significant difference from CV. The merit of fast detecting and few potential changing times make the TPSA suitably applicable to low-cost automatic monitoring equipments.     

Advances in the study of helminth mitochondrial genomes and their associated applications

Helminths, including flatworms and roundworms, are abundant organisms that have a variety of life histories. Of these, the genera Schistosoma, Echinococcus, Trichinella are notable parasites of veterinary and medical importance, and cause substantial socio- economic losses throughout China and the rest of the world. Genetic markers in the mitochondrial (mt) genome have proven use- ful for systematic, ecological, evolutionary and population studies, and the growth of mt genomic research has increased in the last two decades. Technological improvements, such as the long-polymerase chain reaction method and high-throughput se- quencing have allowed minute amounts of DNA from single worms, biopsy samples or microscopic organisms to be used for whole mt genome characterization. To facilitate the retrieval, annotation and analyses of mitochondrial features, multiple data- bases and specific software have also been designed and established. This review focuses on current progress, applications and perspectives regarding helminth mt genomics. To date, the complete mt genomes for 93 species of helminths have been sequenced and analyzed. Analyses of the mt genes, including gene content, arrangement, composition and variation have revealed unique features among the helminths when compared with other metazoans. This provides important data concerning their functional and comparative mitochondrial genomics, molecular taxonomy and characterization, population genetics and systematics, and evolu- tionary history. Moreover, mt genome data for parasitic helminths are important for diagnosis, epidemiology and ecology of in- fections. Mitochondrial genome data offer a rich source of markers for the systematics and population genetics of socioeconomi- cally important parasitic helminths of humans and other animals.     

The record of cultivated rice from archaeobiological evidence in northwestern China 5000 years ago

Pollen, plant seeds and phytoliths from an AMS dated sediment profile at the Xishanping site indicate that the cultivation of rice might start no later than 5070 cal. a BP in the region of Tianshui, Gansu Province. It continued from 5070 to 4300 cal. a BP. This is so far the oldest and the most northwestern record of cultivated rice in Neolithic China, which extends the known region of prehistoric rice cultivation at least 2° longitude to the west. This finding provides important evidence for reconstructing the cultivation region of rice at 5000 a BP （an important time period）, and its spreading history in East Asia, during the Neolithic.     

二维分段均匀波导的基于DtN映射的四阶差分算法

给出了利用二阶导数的四阶差分近似计算DtN映射的一种新方法。与Chebyshev配置算法比较,该方法直接给出简化计算所需的特征值和特征向量,且充分利用原方程信息,从而简化了计算过程,降低了计算误差。算例(Cost 268 modeling task)表明,此算法是一种高效算法。     

Effects of sulfide on sulfate reducing bacteria in response to Cu（Ⅱ）, Hg（Ⅱ） and Cr（VI） toxicity

Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is identified as the primary organisms responsible for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater. However, most heavy metals can inhibit the growth of SRB during heavy metal treatment processes. Sulfide is a metabolic product of SRB and it can precipitate or reduce heavy metals. This study focused on the effects of sulfide on SRB resistance to Cu(II), Hg(I) and Cr(VI) toxicity. First, we considered the existence style of various heavy metals with and without sulfide addition by...     

B_(13)C_2和B_7C_8低压缩性的第一性原理计算研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,研究了B13C2(B12CBC)中B12二十面体极地位置的所有B原子被C原子取代后材料的性质变化.通过对比计算研究发现,取代后每个B6C6二十面体中赤道原子同赤道原子间、极地原子同极地原子间的电荷密度减小﹑Mulliken布局数由正值变为负值,说明它们由成键态转变为反键态,相互作用减弱;而极地原子同赤道原子间,以及相邻二十面体极地原子间的电荷密度相对增加﹑化学键长变短﹑sp轨道杂化进一步显著,说明它们的相互作用增强.结果造成材料的体弹模量增大、剪切模量减小;材料由半导体性过渡到金属性;电荷密度由B12二十面体相对均匀分布,转为向两极集中局域,而使主要影响材料理论硬度的最弱化学键等的计算硬度减弱、材料的理论硬度减小.     

Experimental investigation on the cavity-based scramjet model

The present work focused on improving the engine performance with different fuel equivalence ratios and fuel injections. A scramjet model with strut/cavity integrated configurations was tested under Mach 5.8 flows, The results showed that the strut may sreve as an effective tool in a kerosene-fueled scramjet, The integration of strut/cavities also had great effect on stablizing the combustion in a wide range of fuel equivalence ratio. The one-sdimensional analysis method was used to analyze the main characteristics of the model. The two-stage fuel injection should have better performance in increasing the chemical reaction rate in the first cavity region.     

Green fluorescent protein （GFP） transsenic pig produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Transgenic somatic cell nuclear transfer is a very promising route for producing transgenic farm animals. Research on GFP transgenic pigs can provide useful information for breeding transgenic pigs, human disease models and human organ xenotransplantation. In this study, a liposomal transfecUon system was screened and transgenic embryos were reconstructed by nuclear transfer of GFP positive cells into enucleated in vitro matured oocytes. The development of reconstructed embryos both in vitro and in vivo was observed, and GFP expression was determined. The results showed that porcine fe- tal-derived fibroblast cells cultured with 4.0 μL/mL liposome and 1.6 μg/mL plasmid DNA for 6 h resulted in the highest transfecUon rate （3.6%）. The percentage of GFP reconstructed embryos that de- veloped in vitro to the blastocyst stage was 10%. Of those the GFP positive percentage was 48%. Reconstructed transgenic embryos were transferred to 10 recipients. 5 of them were pregnant, and 3 delivered 6 cloned piglets in which 4 piglets were transgenic for the GFP as verified by both GFP protein expression and GFP DNA sequence analysis. The percentage of reconstructed embryos that resulted in cloned piglets was 1.0%; while the percentage of piglets that were transgenic was 0.7%. This is the first group of transgenic cloned pigs born in China, marking a great progress in Chinese transgenic cloned pig research.