匀加速荷电黑洞的量子非热辐射

本文利用Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ－Ｊａｃｏｂｉ方程和推广的Ｔｏｒｔｏｉｓｅ坐标，讨论了匀加速荷电黑洞的量子非热辐射，结果表明，当ωｈ大于零时，在视界附近的邻域内，正能态与付能态姓交错，在交错的区域中会产生自发的量子非热辐时，这种量子非热辐射是由电磁势和黑洞的加速作用引起的。     

逆向遗传分析与遗传工程小鼠

遗传学的实验研究往往是从生物体的突变分析入手,通过观察自发的或诱发的突变型个体表型改变来识别突变基因,进而识别与突变基因等位的正常基因的结构与功能.但是,随着研究的深入,这种传统思路的局限性慢慢显现出来.譬如,许多能造成致死表型的突变,很可能因阻断重要的发育或代谢途径而导致携有突变基因的个体死亡.而分离和研究这类突变基因对于阐明生长、发育、疾病、衰老乃至进化等基本生物学问题至关重要.     

基因组研究引发的伦理思考

人类基因组(human genome)是人类遗传物质的总和,人的全部基因(约3～4万个)就载于总长32亿个碱基对的DNA分子上.人类基因组计划(HGP)旨在测定人类基因组全序列,并在此基础上解释和阐明人类遗传物质的结构和功能.人的生理过程和完整的疾病基因谱已经成为分子水平研究的目标.作为分子医学(molecular medicine)基础的人类基因组研究,必将极大地提高疾病诊断、治疗和预防的水准,服务于提高生存质量和造福民众的崇高理想.     

从科学史观点试谈奇门遁甲（续完）：1997—10—03在西北大学的讲演

就最早出现在东晋葛洪的《抱朴子内篇》的遁甲和８世纪最早的有关奇门遁甲的文献记载进行讨论。述及北宋司天台采用奇门遁甲,下至有明一代奇门遁甲成为官方采用三式中的一种秘传术数的过程。示范奇门遁甲的布局方法,并举例解释它在气象学、军事和人事各方面的应用。认为传统中国从来没有科学这个名词,欧洲在文艺复兴时代以前也没有这个名词,可是认识和克服大自然这个理念应该早已存在,这就是所谓科学的前身。又认为奇门遁甲是传统中国理念中的科学,后来在欧洲科学与巫术、哲学、宗教等分手,可是奇门遁甲没有脱离它和人事、巫术等的关系。     

Effect of 723-1723-1723-1on ethanol withdrawal in mice

Summary ⁹ (10 mg/kg, i.p.) administered to mice immediately after withdrawal from a 3-day exposure to ethanol vapor was found to intensify withdrawal reactions. No effect was seen when ⁹ was administered chronically during the exposure to ethanol.     

Evolution of the South China Sea and monsoon history revealed in deep-sea records

As the third summary report of ODP Leg 184 to the South China Sea (SCS), this paper discusses the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the SCS basin. A multi-proxy approach, involving geochemistry, micropale-ontology, pollen and other analyses, was adopted for reconstructing the evolutionary history of the East Asian monsoon, which was characterized by a series of paleo-climate events especially at 8, 3.2, 2.2 and 0.4 Ma. The new record indicates similar stages in the development of the East and South Asian monsoons, with an enhanced winter monsoon over East Asia being the major difference. The rich spectrums of monsoon variability from the southern SCS also reveal other characteristic features of the low latitude ocean. Evidence for the evolution of the SCS includes the hemipelagic Oligocene sediments, implying the existence of deep water environments during the early seafloor spreading stage of the SCS basin. The four major unconformities and some remarkabl ediagenetic features in upper Oligocene deposits indicate the strongest tectonic events in the region. From a careful comparison of lithologies and sedimentation rates, we conclude that the prominent differences in sedimentary environments between the southern and northern SCS were established only by ～3 Ma.     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

Synthesis of the 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide (3D-C@MnO) nanocomposite and its supercapacitor behavior study

A 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via a thermal plasma deposition method. The chemical bonds and compositions, phase structures, surface morphologies, etc. of as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite were characterized by the various equipment, such as X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopes. The electrochemical performances of the [email protected] nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 780 F g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 and a capacitance retention rate of 99% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^?1. These excellent capacitive performances may be attributed to the encapsulation of MnO nanoparticles by porous carbon sheets in the [email protected] MnO nanocomposite structure. It is believed that the carbon-encapsulated MnO nanoparticles can be protected from a volume deformation during the charge adsorption/desorption cycle and can be electrically improved by the encapsulated carbon sheets, resulting in better overall capacitive performance. In addition, this study also demonstrates the practical applicability by assembling a supercapacitor using the as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite to glow a light emitting diode.     

一种围数为八的低密度校验码校验矩阵设计

提出了一种低密度校验（IDPC）码的规则校验矩阵设计算法．首先设计3个不同的子矩阵,每个子矩阵通过对单位矩阵进行不同的移位运算后组合生成,然后将这3个子矩阵组合生成所需要的低密度校验矩阵,最后利用文中提到的短环检验算法搜索出使得生成的校验矩阵四环数、六环数均为零的移位算子．用该校验矩阵所对应的生成矩阵对随机信息进行编码,AWGN信道下的仿真结果表明,具有逼近MacKay随机码的误码率性能．