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E. S. E. Hafez 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1965,21(4):234-237
Zusammenfassung Intrauterine Embryonenüberfrachtung wurde experimentell durch Übertragung von Neuseeländer-Spenderkaninchen in Neuseeländer- und Chinchilla-Empfängerkaninchen, von Chinchilla-Spenderkaninchen in Neuseeländer-Empfängerkaninchen erreicht. Die Empfängertiere wurden 9 Tage nach Begattung zur Prüfung der Implantation und 29 Tage danach zur Beurteilung des fötalen Entwicklungszustandes eröffnet bzw. abgetötet. Chinchilla-Kaninchen zeigten erhöhte Implantationskapazität und verringertes fötales Überleben gegenüber den Neuseeländern.
This investigation was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service research grant HD-00585-03 of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Drugs were kindly donated: PMS (Equinex) by Ayerst Laboratories Inc., New York (N.Y.); HCG by Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo (Mich.); Nembutal by Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago (Ill.). Thanks are due to Mr.R. E. Mauer for technical assistance. Scientific Paper no. 2556, Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations, Pullman (Washington). Project no. 1698. 相似文献
This investigation was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service research grant HD-00585-03 of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Drugs were kindly donated: PMS (Equinex) by Ayerst Laboratories Inc., New York (N.Y.); HCG by Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo (Mich.); Nembutal by Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago (Ill.). Thanks are due to Mr.R. E. Mauer for technical assistance. Scientific Paper no. 2556, Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations, Pullman (Washington). Project no. 1698. 相似文献
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Microstructural evolution of a recycled aluminum alloy deformed by equal channel angular pressing process 下载免费PDF全文
Thabet Makhlouf Atef Rebhi Jean-Philippe Couzini Yannick Champion Nabil Njah 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2012,19(11):1016-1022
The microstructural evolution of a recycled aluminum alloy after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to four passes was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microhardness tests were performed to determine the associated changes in mechanical properties. An ultrafine-grained material has been obtained with a microstructure showing a mixture of highly strained crystallites. A high density of dislocations was achieved as a result of severe plastic deformation (SPD) through the die. Changes in mechanical behavior are also revealed after ECAP due to strain hardening. Thermal analysis and TEM micrographs obtained after annealing indicate the succession of the recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth phenomena. Moreover, the energy stored during ECAP may be related to the dislocation density introduced by SPD. We finally emphasize the role played by the precipitates in this alloy. 相似文献
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Nusbaum C Mikkelsen TS Zody MC Asakawa S Taudien S Garber M Kodira CD Schueler MG Shimizu A Whittaker CA Chang JL Cuomo CA Dewar K FitzGerald MG Yang X Allen NR Anderson S Asakawa T Blechschmidt K Bloom T Borowsky ML Butler J Cook A Corum B DeArellano K DeCaprio D Dooley KT Dorris L Engels R Glöckner G Hafez N Hagopian DS Hall JL Ishikawa SK Jaffe DB Kamat A Kudoh J Lehmann R Lokitsang T Macdonald P Major JE Matthews CD Mauceli E Menzel U Mihalev AH Minoshima S Murayama Y Naylor JW Nicol R 《Nature》2006,439(7074):331-335
The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (IHGSC) recently completed a sequence of the human genome. As part of this project, we have focused on chromosome 8. Although some chromosomes exhibit extreme characteristics in terms of length, gene content, repeat content and fraction segmentally duplicated, chromosome 8 is distinctly typical in character, being very close to the genome median in each of these aspects. This work describes a finished sequence and gene catalogue for the chromosome, which represents just over 5% of the euchromatic human genome. A unique feature of the chromosome is a vast region of approximately 15 megabases on distal 8p that appears to have a strikingly high mutation rate, which has accelerated in the hominids relative to other sequenced mammals. This fast-evolving region contains a number of genes related to innate immunity and the nervous system, including loci that appear to be under positive selection--these include the major defensin (DEF) gene cluster and MCPH1, a gene that may have contributed to the evolution of expanded brain size in the great apes. The data from chromosome 8 should allow a better understanding of both normal and disease biology and genome evolution. 相似文献
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From the methanol extract of Pimelea prostrata, prostratin (I) and 2 autoxidation products have been isolated. They are tigliane derivatives and relatively nonirritant on the mouse ear. The irritant pimelea factor P5 (IIa) also with a tigliane skeleton and related to mancinellin (IIb), as well as the irritant diterpene ester pimelea factor P1 (IIa, simplexin) with daphnane skeleton, were found to be present in both P. prostrata and P. simplex. Further the irritant homologue of simplexin, pimela factor IIIb was detected in P. prostrata. Some biogenetic consequences of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
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Burguillos MA Deierborg T Kavanagh E Persson A Hajji N Garcia-Quintanilla A Cano J Brundin P Englund E Venero JL Joseph B 《Nature》2011,472(7343):319-324
Activation of microglia and inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity are suggested to play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Activated microglia release pro-inflammatory factors that may be neurotoxic. Here we show that the orderly activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3/7, known executioners of apoptotic cell death, regulate microglia activation through a protein kinase C (PKC)-δ-dependent pathway. We find that stimulation of microglia with various inflammogens activates caspase-8 and caspase-3/7 in microglia without triggering cell death in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown or chemical inhibition of each of these caspases hindered microglia activation and consequently reduced neurotoxicity. We observe that these caspases are activated in microglia in the ventral mesencephalon of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the frontal cortex of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Taken together, we show that caspase-8 and caspase-3/7 are involved in regulating microglia activation. We conclude that inhibition of these caspases could be neuroprotective by targeting the microglia rather than the neurons themselves. 相似文献
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S. Zayed A. Hafez W. Adolf E. Hecker 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1977,33(12):1554-1555
Summary From the methanol extract ofPimelea prostrata, prostratin (I) and 2 autoxidation products have been isolated. They are tigliane derivatives and relatively nonirritant on the mouse ear. The irritant pimelea factor P5 (IIa) also with a tigliane skeleton and related to mancinellin (IIb), as wellas the irritant diterpene ester pimelea factor P1 (IIa, simplexin) with daphnane skeleton, were found to be present in bothP. prostrata andP. simplex. Further the irritant homologue of simplexin, pimela factorIIIb was detected inP. prostrata. Some biogenetic consequences of these findings are discussed.Acknowledgment: The authors are deeply indebted to Dr T. Cashmore (Palmerton North, New Zealand) and Dr H. B. Roberts (Sydney, Australia) for kindly supplying plant materials. 相似文献
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Nusbaum C Zody MC Borowsky ML Kamal M Kodira CD Taylor TD Whittaker CA Chang JL Cuomo CA Dewar K FitzGerald MG Yang X Abouelleil A Allen NR Anderson S Bloom T Bugalter B Butler J Cook A DeCaprio D Engels R Garber M Gnirke A Hafez N Hall JL Norman CH Itoh T Jaffe DB Kuroki Y Lehoczky J Lui A Macdonald P Mauceli E Mikkelsen TS Naylor JW Nicol R Nguyen C Noguchi H O'Leary SB O'Neill K Piqani B Smith CL Talamas JA Topham K Totoki Y Toyoda A Wain HM Young SK Zeng Q Zimmer AR Fujiyama A Hattori M 《Nature》2005,437(7058):551-555
Chromosome 18 appears to have the lowest gene density of any human chromosome and is one of only three chromosomes for which trisomic individuals survive to term. There are also a number of genetic disorders stemming from chromosome 18 trisomy and aneuploidy. Here we report the finished sequence and gene annotation of human chromosome 18, which will allow a better understanding of the normal and disease biology of this chromosome. Despite the low density of protein-coding genes on chromosome 18, we find that the proportion of non-protein-coding sequences evolutionarily conserved among mammals is close to the genome-wide average. Extending this analysis to the entire human genome, we find that the density of conserved non-protein-coding sequences is largely uncorrelated with gene density. This has important implications for the nature and roles of non-protein-coding sequence elements. 相似文献