Anderson结构钼钴杂多酸盐掺杂聚苯胺的合成与表征

在盐酸介质中,以(NH4)2S2O8为氧化剂,(NH43)[CoMo6O24H6]为掺杂剂合成出了聚苯胺材料,运用UV-vis,FT-IR,TG-DTA,X-射线粉末衍射测试手段对杂多酸盐掺杂聚苯胺材料进行了表征。     

Investigation of the interfacial water structure on poly[2-（dimethylamino）ethyl methacrylate] at the air/water interface by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy

The effect of pH on the conformation of surface alkyl groups and the structure of interfacial water molecules on poly[2-(dime-thylamino)ethyl methacrylate](PDEM) at the air/water interface were investigated with sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy(SFG-VS).At pH 4.1,the hydrogen bonding SFG spectra were similar to that of the air/pure water interface.As the pH increased from 5.4 to 9.6,the SFG intensities of both highly ordered hydrogen bonding(3200 cm-1 band) and less-ordered hydrogen bonding(3400 cm-1 band) were enhanced because of the charge-induced effect of deprotonated PDEM.The free OH peak disappeared completely because it was replaced by interfacial PDEM molecules.At pH 11.5,a new spectral band appeared at about 3580 cm-1 in the ppp and sps spectra,and this could be assigned to the C2v asymmetric stretching mode of the water molecules through molecular symmetry simulation.These hydrogen bonding structures are fully consistent with the conformational change of PDEM alkyl groups,and PDEM molecules act as a Hofmeister solvent.PDEM molecules are kosmotropic when they are charged and become more chaotropic as the pH increases.     

面向虚拟装配操作的交互辅助技术研究

针对虚拟装配系统中装配操作精度和效率低的问题,本文提出了基于约束元素包围盒的装配意图捕捉方法,根据约束元素的特征参数和配合类型,将位姿变换分解为点到线上、点到面上和直线平行三种位姿变换情况,提出基于位姿变换元素分解的约束精确定位求解算法,并通过对零件自由度的求解和目标约束方向上的运动分量映射,实现了零件的装配运动引导。最后通过一个典型装配结构的实例给出了装配操作的交互辅助流程,验证了算法的有效性。该算法已应用到面向航天产品的桌面虚拟装配系统中。     

水热和硬模板辅助制备氧化铝空心球

以葡萄糖和硝酸铝为原料,采用水热和硬模板辅助技术成功制备了氧化铝空心球。分别通过葡萄糖催化聚合-原位离子吸附一步进行(一步法)或葡萄糖聚合成球-离子吸附分步进行(二步法)制备铝碳复合球壳结构,然后经分步煅烧氧化制得氧化铝空心球。进一步对产物表征结果表明:二步法得到的空心球壳结构稳定紧凑,大小均一,粒径在亚微米级;而一步法步骤简单,操作快捷,但产物结构疏松,粒径在微米级,空心球比二步法有序度要高。此外,对氧化铝空心球结构的形成过程和可能的机理以及二步法中碳球表面基团进行了分析和探讨。     

动植物检疫专业动物学课程教学改革初探

针对现代动物学的飞速发展和应用型本科人才培养的目标与要求,本文从教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、考核方式及实践教学环节等方面进行动物学课程教学改革,激发学生学习动物学知识的动机和兴趣,提高动物学课程教学质量.     

纳米科学和碳基纳米技术

纳米科学是一个宏大的科学,纳米材料的种类很多,本文将众多的纳米材料归结为三大类,即天然纳米晶体材料、人工纳米结构材料和聚合物功能分子材料.重点评述了碳基纳米材料的发展,包括结构特征、光电性质及其在光电子科学技术中的应用,并对石墨烯作了详细介绍,特别强调了碳基纳米技术要在应用中发展及其重要性.     

Oscillating chemiluminescence in rhodamine B-induced Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction catalyzed by Ce(Ⅳ)

It was found that rhodamine B could induce oscillating chemiluminescence (OCL) from the Ce4+-cata-lyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. This new OCL system, i.e., rhodamine B-malonic acid-bromate-Ce(Ⅳ)-sulfuric acid, exhibited two clearly distinguished emission peaks in each oscillation period. The initial concentrations of the reactants strongly influenced the oscillation pattern. For the study of the CL mechanism, a platform for a versatile and simultaneous potential and CL measurement was estab-lished to ...     

关于Garfunkel问题

对Garfunkel1985年建立的几何不等式及其猜想作改进和加强，找到线性加强的最佳参数值，同时证明这类加强中的两个重要结论（Garfunkel猜想仅是其简单推论）．建立具有广泛意义的不等式链＝1．309401…．并在文末对指数加强时的最优参数值作出估计．     

Optimization study on the rehydration process of lyophilized human platelets

Long-term preservation of human platelets will greatly reduce the risk of their shortage. Lyophilization has been proved feasible for this purpose. For the recovery of lyophilized platelets, rehydration is an important process. In this paper, the rehydration processes for 1 mL and 2 mL samples were studied. The effects of prehydration duration (15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min) in 37°C water vapor and the concentration of rehydration solution (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% platelet-poor plasma) on the recovery rate, MPV (mean platelet volume) and PDW (platelet distribution width) were investigated. The mass changes during the prehydration process were weighed. The optimized rehydration conditions are as follows: (1) for 1 mL sample, the prehydration duration was 15 min and for 2 mL sample the prehydration duration was 90 min; (2) the rehydration solution was 75% platelet-poor plasma. Under optimized conditions, the morphology of the rehydrated platelets kept normal and their ultrastructures kept intact, their aggregation capacity to thrombin (1 U/mL) was 82.8% of the fresh ones. These results will be helpful for designing the freeze-drying protocols for human platelets.     

Numerical simulation for volatile organic compound removal in rotating drum biofilter

Rotating drum biofilters (RDBs) could effectively remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste gas streams. A mathematical model was developed on the basis of mass transport and mass balance equations in an RDB,the two-film theory,and the Monod kinetics. This model took account of mass transfer and biodegradation of VOC in the gas-water-biofilm three-phase system in the biofilter,and could simulate variations of VOC removal efficiency with a changing specific surface area and porosity of the media due to the increasing of biofilm thickness in the biofilter. Toluene was used as a model VOC. This model was further simplified by introducing a coefficient of the gas velocity and ne-glecting the water phase due to the complexity of operating conditions. The equations for the biofilm phase,gas phase,and biofilm accumulation in this model were solved using collocation method,ana-lytic method,and the Runge-Kutta method separately. A computer program was written down as MATLAB to solve this model. Results of numerical solutions showed that toluene removal efficiency in the RDB increased and reached the maximum values of 97% on day 4 after the startup,and then de-creased and remained at 90% after 5 more days of operation. Toluene concentration was high at the outermost layer where more than 70% toluene was removed,and was low at the innermost layer where less than 10% toluene was removed. The dynamic removal efficiencies from this model correlated reasonably well with experimental results for toluene removal in a multi-layered RDB.