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The influences of cupric ion concentration (5-35 g/L),current density (500-2000 A/m2),circulation rate of the electrolyte solution (15-120 mL/min),and temperature (25-60℃) on the physical and chemical properties of copper powders obtained in electrolysis cells were investigated.Two industrial processes,electrorefining (ER) cells with a synthetic electrolyte and electrowinning (EW) cells with an original solution of coppermineral leaching,were utilized to produce copper powders.Finally,the statistical full factorial method of design of experiments (DOE) was employed to investigate the interaction or the main effects of processes.The results show that increasing the copper concentration and temperature can increase the grain size,apparent density,and electrical energy consumption.On the other hand,increasing the current density and circulation rate of the electrolyte can decrease them.This production process is optimized via DOE to control the interactive and main effects to produce copper powders with favorable properties. 相似文献
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Willer CJ Sanna S Jackson AU Scuteri A Bonnycastle LL Clarke R Heath SC Timpson NJ Najjar SS Stringham HM Strait J Duren WL Maschio A Busonero F Mulas A Albai G Swift AJ Morken MA Narisu N Bennett D Parish S Shen H Galan P Meneton P Hercberg S Zelenika D Chen WM Li Y Scott LJ Scheet PA Sundvall J Watanabe RM Nagaraja R Ebrahim S Lawlor DA Ben-Shlomo Y Davey-Smith G Shuldiner AR Collins R Bergman RN Uda M Tuomilehto J Cao A Collins FS Lakatta E Lathrop GM Boehnke M Schlessinger D Mohlke KL 《Nature genetics》2008,40(2):161-169
To identify genetic variants influencing plasma lipid concentrations, we first used genotype imputation and meta-analysis to combine three genome-wide scans totaling 8,816 individuals and comprising 6,068 individuals specific to our study (1,874 individuals from the FUSION study of type 2 diabetes and 4,184 individuals from the SardiNIA study of aging-associated variables) and 2,758 individuals from the Diabetes Genetics Initiative, reported in a companion study in this issue. We subsequently examined promising signals in 11,569 additional individuals. Overall, we identify strongly associated variants in eleven loci previously implicated in lipid metabolism (ABCA1, the APOA5-APOA4-APOC3-APOA1 and APOE-APOC clusters, APOB, CETP, GCKR, LDLR, LPL, LIPC, LIPG and PCSK9) and also in several newly identified loci (near MVK-MMAB and GALNT2, with variants primarily associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; near SORT1, with variants primarily associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol; near TRIB1, MLXIPL and ANGPTL3, with variants primarily associated with triglycerides; and a locus encompassing several genes near NCAN, with variants strongly associated with both triglycerides and LDL cholesterol). Notably, the 11 independent variants associated with increased LDL cholesterol concentrations in our study also showed increased frequency in a sample of coronary artery disease cases versus controls. 相似文献
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Transparent TiO2 thin films have been prepared by the sol-gel method using titanium alkoxides as precursors.Thin films were deposited on glass supports by the dip-coating technique.The TiO2 layer acts as a self-cleaning coating generated from its photocatalysis and photoinduced superhydrophilicity.The crystalline structure of TiO2 films was dominantly identified as the anatase phase,consisted of uniform spherical particles of about 14-50 nm in size,which strongly depends upon catalyst-type and heat treatment temperature.Increasing heat treating temperature can lead to an increase in crystalline size.The results indicated that the sample S.S(sample derived from sol containing sulfuric acid as catalyst) exhibits superhydrophilic nature and better photocatalytic activity,which can be attributed to its higher anatase content and lower crystalline size.Morphological studies,carried out using Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),confirm the presence of crystalline phase with such a grain size and low surface roughness.Thus,the applied films exhibiting high photocatalytic activity,superhydrophilic behavior,and low surface roughness can be used as an efficient self-cleaning coating on glass and other optical applications. 相似文献
4.
Ebrahim Karamian Mahmood Reza Kalantar Motamedi Amirsalar Khandan Parisa Soltani Sahel Maghsoudi 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2014,24(2):68-74
The surface characteristics of an implant that influence the speed and strength of osseointegration include crystal structure and bioactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity of a novel natural hydroxyapatite/zircon(NHA/zircon) nanobiocomposite coating on 316L stainless steel(SS) dental implants soaking in simulated body fluid. A novel NHA/zircon nanobiocomposite was fabricated with 0(control),5, 10, and 15 wt% of zircon in NHA using ball mill for 1 h. The composite mixture was coated on SS implants using a plasma spray method.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to evaluate surface morphology, and X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to analyze phase composition and crystallinity(Xc). Further, calcium ion release was measured to evaluate the coated nanobiocomposite samples. The prepared NHA/zircon coating had a nanoscale morphological structure with a mean crystallite size of 30–40 nm in diameter and a bone-like composition,which is similar to that of the biological apatite of a bone. For the prepared NHA powder, high bioactivity was observed owing to the formation of apatite crystals on its surface. Both minimum crystallinity(Xc=41.1%) and maximum bioactivity occurred in the sample containing 10 wt% of zircon because of minimum Xcand maximum biodegradation of the coating sample. 相似文献
5.
Vahidi Amin Aliahmad Alireza Teimouri Ebrahim 《Systemic Practice and Action Research》2019,32(3):297-314
Systemic Practice and Action Research - The Viable System Model have pulled in system specialists’ interests lately. This field could help system analyzers and designers to deal with systems... 相似文献
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Sanna S Jackson AU Nagaraja R Willer CJ Chen WM Bonnycastle LL Shen H Timpson N Lettre G Usala G Chines PS Stringham HM Scott LJ Dei M Lai S Albai G Crisponi L Naitza S Doheny KF Pugh EW Ben-Shlomo Y Ebrahim S Lawlor DA Bergman RN Watanabe RM Uda M Tuomilehto J Coresh J Hirschhorn JN Shuldiner AR Schlessinger D Collins FS Davey Smith G Boerwinkle E Cao A Boehnke M Abecasis GR Mohlke KL 《Nature genetics》2008,40(2):198-203
7.
The influences of cupric ion concentration (5–35 g/L), current density (500–2000 A/m2), circulation rate of the electrolyte solution (15–120 mL/min), and temperature (25–60°C) on the physical and chemical properties
of copper powders obtained in electrolysis cells were investigated. Two industrial processes, electrorefining (ER) cells with
a synthetic electrolyte and electrowinning (EW) cells with an original solution of copper mineral leaching, were utilized
to produce copper powders. Finally, the statistical full factorial method of design of experiments (DOE) was employed to investigate
the interaction or the main effects of processes. The results show that increasing the copper concentration and temperature
can increase the grain size, apparent density, and electrical energy consumption. On the other hand, increasing the current
density and circulation rate of the electrolyte can decrease them. This production process is optimized via DOE to control the interactive and main effects to produce copper powders with favorable properties. 相似文献
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