Complex reorganization and predominant non-homologous repair following chromosomal breakage in karyotypically balanced germline rearrangements and transgenic integration

We defined the genetic landscape of balanced chromosomal rearrangements at nucleotide resolution by sequencing 141 breakpoints from cytogenetically interpreted translocations and inversions. We confirm that the recently described phenomenon of 'chromothripsis' (massive chromosomal shattering and reorganization) is not unique to cancer cells but also occurs in the germline, where it can resolve to a relatively balanced state with frequent inversions. We detected a high incidence of complex rearrangements (19.2%) and substantially less reliance on microhomology (31%) than previously observed in benign copy-number variants (CNVs). We compared these results to experimentally generated DNA breakage-repair by sequencing seven transgenic animals, revealing extensive rearrangement of the transgene and host genome with similar complexity to human germline alterations. Inversion was the most common rearrangement, suggesting that a combined mechanism involving template switching and non-homologous repair mediates the formation of balanced complex rearrangements that are viable, stably replicated and transmitted unaltered to subsequent generations.     

原发性肝癌的腹腔镜分型(60例报告)(英文)

原发性肝癌的发病率在亚非洲远高于欧美,同样反映于国内外腹腔镜文献中,对其腹腔镜检查的介绍皆少而简略。本文就武汉市四个医院内科自1960年12月至6月经腹腔镜检查而最后确诊为原发性肝癌者60例进行了分析。按照腹腔镜下所观察到的肝脏形态试分作6型,大块型9例,多结节型21例,单结节型5例,(氵弥)漫小结节型(或肝硬化型)16例,非结节型(或肝炎型)3例,大网膜包果型6例。与经典的病理学分型相比较,这一分型对诊断、鉴别、处理与预后似有一定价值。有癌肿的肝叶与未发现癌肿的肝叶在同时并存的病理改变有显著较大且有不一致,对于原发性肝癌以肝硬变或病毒性肝炎作为前驱病的学说提出了疑问,本组病例未能说明日本位血吸虫病为原发性肝癌的病因。认为原发性肝癌患者肝脏的结节及肝炎等改变可能为癌肿的后果而不一定为原因。腹腔镜检查对于原发性肝癌的价值在于诊断符合率高,免除许多病例不必要的剖腹;直视下肝穿刺阳性率高,对于手术可能性的决定似有相当价值,比剖腹探查经济,住院日短而较安全。     

GFC-空间中的参数型KKM定理及其应用

首先证明了GFC-空间的一个特征性质,然后通过引进线性序空间,在非紧的GFC-空间中证明了一个参数型KKM定理.应用参数型KKM定理得到了一些新的非紧的极大极小不等式.     

Resolvin E1 and protectin D1 activate inflammation-resolution programmes

Resolution of acute inflammation is an active process essential for appropriate host responses, tissue protection and the return to homeostasis. During resolution, specific omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid-derived mediators are generated within resolving exudates, including resolvin E1 (RvE1) and protectin D1 (PD1). It is thus important to pinpoint specific actions of RvE1 and PD1 in regulating tissue resolution. Here we report that RvE1 and PD1 in nanogram quantities promote phagocyte removal during acute inflammation by regulating leukocyte infiltration, increasing macrophage ingestion of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vivo and in vitro, and enhancing the appearance of phagocytes carrying engulfed zymosan in lymph nodes and spleen. In this tissue terrain, inhibition of either cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenases--pivotal enzymes in the temporal generation of both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators--caused a 'resolution deficit' that was rescued by RvE1, PD1 or aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 analogue. Also, new resolution routes were identified that involve phagocytes traversing perinodal adipose tissues and non-apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils carrying engulfed zymosan to lymph nodes. Together, these results identify new active components for postexudate resolution traffic, and demonstrate that RvE1 and PD1 are potent agonists for resolution of inflamed tissues.     

PSA UF膜选择透过性研究（Ⅱ）膜结构与性能

研究了聚砜酰胺分子量及其分布对铸膜液和膜结构与性能的影响。发现,分子量过小主要影响膜的完整性。在不影响膜完整性的前提下,则膜的孔径随分子量减小而减小,而窄的分子量分布则总是导致膜透水率与截留率的同时提高。     

控制量变化率受限时的MRAS鲁棒变结构控制

本文研究了控制量变化率受限时的MRAS控制。在文献[1～3]的启发下,本文提出了控制量变化率受限时的MRAS鲁棒变结构控制问题;给出了控制器结构、控制律、自适应律,分析了系统的稳定性和渐近收敛性。     

对单色光照明成像公式的探讨

用标量衍射理论对“傅里叶光学导论”书中单色光照明时的成像公式重新进行了推 导，由于对脉冲响应中的二次位相因子采取了不同的处理方法，所得到的成像公式是一 个迭加积分而不是卷积积分。     

重庆城市投资环境评价及改进的政策思路

运用上海财经大学投资研究所的研究成果《2005年中国投资发展报告》,对重庆市吸引外资的投资环境进行了再研究．通过与上海等直辖市、代表沿海地区的广东省及西部几个主要省的对比分析,揭示了重庆市投资环境的优势和劣势,并进一步分析了原因。在此基础上,提出了改进重庆市投资环境的主要政策建议。