Study on the Model of Thermal Channel Spinning Process for PET Polymer

A mathematical model to describe the TCS process inPET high-speed melt-spinning is established.The de-velopment of crystallinity,molecular orientation andmorphological features of high-speed-spun PET fiberin TCS process is investigated at take-up speeds rangingfrom 3600-4400 m/min and thermal channel tempera-tures ranging from 160-200℃ by simulation.The pro-files of tensile force,running velocity,temperature,bi-refringence,crystallinity and diameter in the TCS spin-line for various process conditions are obtained.Thepredicted results using this model are compared with themeasured crystallinty,diameter and birefringence.Theresults indicate that they are in fairly good agreement.The"necking point"in the TCS spinline can be predictedby this model,and its position changes with the corre-sponding process parameters such as take-up speed andthermal channel temperature.It is found that the neck-ing point moves towards the spinneret when the take-upspeed or the thermal channel temperature increases.     

Modeling of Solid-state Polycondensation of Poly (ethylene terephthalate)

A mathematical model has been developed to handle the reactions in Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) undergoing polycondensation reactions in the solid state. The effect of temperature on chain mobility was considered to estimate the rate constants of chemical reactions. The polymer crystalline fraction is modeled as containing only repeat units, thus concentrating end groups and conden-sates in the amorphous fraction. This model is compared with PET reaction data with good results.     

用新型流化床处理印染废水的研究

采用新型流化床处理某印染废水,其脱色率可达96%～100%,COD 去除率达80%～90%,BOD_5去除率 80%～90%,初步探讨了该处理系统的反应机理.     

调节剂对缩聚物相对分子质量分布及特性粘度的影响

运用概率统计的方法推导了调节剂与缩聚物相对分子质量及相对分子质量分布的关系式。用已内酰胺开环缩聚反应进行了实验验证。指出:调节剂的官能度对相对分子质量分布有较大的影响。聚合物的特性粘度不仅是相对分子质量的函数,也是相对分子质量分布的函数,并得出了聚酰胺-6特性粘度与数均相对分子质量及相对分子质量分布指数的经验关系式。     

星型尼龙6纤维的力学性能研究

采用熔融挤出的方法制备尼龙6星型聚合物纤维，对所得纤维的强度、伸长、模量和回弹率进行测试，并考察了星型尼龙6的应力松弛，结果表明，随三元酸含量减少，纤维强度逐步增加，但三元 酸含量减少到一定程度，强度基本保持一定值；三元酸含量较高的星型尼龙6纤维弹性比线型链高一些，当三元酸含量进一步提高时，弹性又能所下降；三元酸含量较高的纤维，应力松弛较慢。     

改进的尼龙6固相缩聚模型及其模拟

根据尼龙6固相缩聚反应动力学基础,建立了尼龙6固相缩聚两相两段模型。按末端基官能团分布的影响,将固相缩聚模型分为两段,同时考虑了结晶对尼龙6聚合反应的影响。用更加符合实际的手段获得预聚体切片的初始值,重新优化获得模型最佳参数值。     

聚乳酸的热降解模型研究

在分析聚乳酸热降解链随机断裂机理基础上建立了聚乳酸热降解模型，运用Z变换方法对模型进行了求解，并对聚乳酸的相对分子质量、相对分子质量分布随时间、温度的变化进行了模拟。模拟结果表明，经过1.5h（200℃），聚乳酸的降解已经基本达到平衡，与文献实验结果吻合。     

Some Remarks on the Degree of Crystallinity Measured on DSC

A modified mathematical model based on the melting and recrystallization of an initial distribution of melting temperatures predicts the melting behavior of polymer in differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC ) , taking into account of changes in heat of fusion with melting temperature of crystal and average heat capacity of sample. It has been used to analytically prove that the crystallinity measured on a DSC diagram could not be equal to the weight percentage of crystalline state in the initial specimen. The deviation of the measured crystallinity, as observed relevant to the melting and recrystallization processes, is caused by the changes of the heat of fusion with the melting temperature of crystals, as well as the difference of heat capacities of liquid and solid state polymer. Furthermore, upper and lower limits of the deviation have been discussed.     

二元物系间歇精馏的操作和优化

间歇精馏在数学描写上是一个非稳态过程。这是它和连续精馏(稳态过程)的一个基本不同点.要从理论上对它进行完整的分析,必须把逐板计算法和物料衡算、焓衡算的微分方程结合起来。本文针对 NMP-水系统的间歇精馏实践,阐明了这种计算机处理方法的优点和必要性。在一定的约束条件下,采用恒摩尔假定的逐板关系,建立间歇精馏过程的基本微分方程及算法。它不仅解释了实验现象,提出了设计方案,还在动态分析的基础上求出最优化操作过程。