The influence of reserpine on incorporation of3H-thymidine into mouse liver DNA

Zusammenfassung Der Einbau von³H-Thymidin in die DNA der Leber von weiblichen weissen Mäusen wurde 60 h nach der Verabreichung von 2 mg/kg Reserpin und ausserdem 60 h nach Futterentzug an nicht reserpinisierten Tieren gemessen. Reserpin führt unabhängig von der unter dieser Substanz auftretenden Hypothermie und Anorexie zu einer Hemmung des³H-Thymidin-Einbaus in die DNS der Leber um etwa 60%.     

Beziehungen zwischen Funktion und Stoffwechsel des Zentralnervensystems nach Pervitin

Summary The ATP- and coenzyme-A-content increases in the brain of white mice during excitation produced by Pervitin (2–3µg/g bodyweight) proportional to motility, rate of respiration and oxygen-uptake. These facts, observed in this almost physiological excitation, are contrary to the reduction of the energy-rich phosphates in the brain during convulsions.     

MicroRNAs 103 and 107 regulate insulin sensitivity

Defects in insulin signalling are among the most common and earliest defects that predispose an individual to the development of type 2 diabetes. MicroRNAs have been identified as a new class of regulatory molecules that influence many biological functions, including metabolism. However, the direct regulation of insulin sensitivity by microRNAs in vivo has not been demonstrated. Here we show that the expression of microRNAs 103 and 107 (miR-103/107) is upregulated in obese mice. Silencing of miR-103/107 leads to improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. In contrast, gain of miR-103/107 function in either liver or fat is sufficient to induce impaired glucose homeostasis. We identify caveolin-1, a critical regulator of the insulin receptor, as a direct target gene of miR-103/107. We demonstrate that caveolin-1 is upregulated upon miR-103/107 inactivation in adipocytes and that this is concomitant with stabilization of the insulin receptor, enhanced insulin signalling, decreased adipocyte size and enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. These findings demonstrate the central importance of miR-103/107 to insulin sensitivity and identify a new target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.