Experimental Observables on Nuclear Liquid Gas Phase Transition

Progress on nuclear liquid gas phase transition （LGPT） or critical behavior has been simply reviewed and some signals of LGPT in heavy ion collisions, especially in NIMROD data, are focused. These signals include the power-law charge distribution, the largest fluctuation of the fragment observables, the nuclear Zipf law, caloric curve and critical exponent analysis etc.     

Regulation of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum by cyclic diguanylic acid

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon resource on earth and is an indispensable raw material for the wood, paper, and textile industries. A model system to study the mechanism of cellulose biogenesis is the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum which produces pure cellulose as an extracellular product. It was from this organism that in vitro preparations which possessed high levels of cellulose synthase activity were first obtained in both membranous and soluble forms. We recently demonstrated that this activity is subject to a complex multi-component regulatory system, in which the synthase is directly affected by an unusual cyclic nucleotide activator enzymatically formed from GTP, and indirectly by a Ca (2+) -sensitive phosphodiesterase which degrades the activator. The cellulose synthase activator (CSA) has now been identified as bis-(3' 5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (5'G3'p5'G3'p) on the basis of mass spectroscopic data, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and comparison with chemically synthesized material. We also report here on intermediary steps in the synthesis and degradation of this novel circular dinucleotide, which have been integrated into a model for the regulation of cellulose synthesis.     

X-ray analysis of Co-C bond cleavage in the crystalline state

During serial structure analysis of cobaloxime derivatives, aimed at interpreting the catalytic capability of the asymmetric hydrogenation, we have found that the crystal of R-alpha-cyanoethyl (S-alpha-methylbenzylamine)-cobaloxime changes its unit cell dimensions by X-ray exposure without degradation of a single crystal form. The rate of the change was so slow that it was possible to collect the intensity data for several intermediate stages. We have proved, by calculating electron density in each stage, that the change reflects the racemisation of the cyanoethyl group.     

环路热管启动特性的实验研究

通过大量的实验研究了蒸发器内气液分布、反重力工作高度、启动热载荷的大小、热沉温度等因素对启动的影响, 描述并分析了4种不同蒸发器内气液分布情况下的启动现象, 给出了系统温度变化曲线图, 分析了启动的难易程度. 根据实验数据得出结论: (ⅰ) 对于液体干道内充满液体的启动情况, 储液器温度上升的主要原因并不是漏热, 而是回路压力升高所致. (ⅱ) 热载荷大有利于启动. (ⅲ) 未完全绝热时小热载荷下热沉温度不影响启动. (ⅳ) 环路热管在反重力情况下启动时, 当蒸汽槽道存在蒸汽时, 所需启动时间、启动温升增大; 而蒸汽槽道充满液体时, 所需时间、过热度和启动温升都减少. 实验还观察到了反重力启动时呈现两种启动方式的特别现象.     

Diels-Alder合成反应的化学计量学研究

化学计量学是一门将数学、计算机技术与化学交叉结合的新兴边缘学科,在化学化工及医药卫生等相关领域取得广泛应用.将化学计量学原理和方法及技术用于合成化学中便诞生了其新的分支即合成(化学)计量学.作者试验室对此进行了较深入而系统的研究,取得了系列研究结果,并将予陆续报道.本文以著名的Diels—Alder反应为例,通过试验优化设计与多元潜因分析对其试验空间进行了系统考察和优化建模,获得满意结果.预测收率与实验收率吻合良好.1 试验(1)主要仪器和试剂.微量有机合成仪一套,无水三氯化铝(AR),用前经升华干燥处理;1,3—戊二烯(CP),甲苯(CP)作溶剂.其他试剂均为AR或CP以上纯度,使用去离子水.产物经IR,NMR,MS,UV及元素分析鉴定为目标产物(2)试验方法.按文献[4～6]进行合成提纯产品并计算产率.     

北祁连山榴辉岩锆石SHRIMP定年及其构造意义

应用阴极发光和离子探针技术, 对北祁连山高压变质带两个榴辉岩样品中的锆石进行了结构和形态学观察以及原位U-Pb定年. 所获得的年龄值分别为463 ± 6 和468 ± 13 Ma, 代表了本区榴辉岩相变质时代. 这是北祁连山加里东期高压变质作用的最早记录, 可能代表了大洋板块俯冲进入上地幔经受榴辉岩相变质的时间.     

Erratum to: Hesperomyces virescens (Fungi,Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) attacking Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera,Coccinellidae) in its native range

正Published online:14 March 2014óScience China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014Erratum to:Chin.Sci.Bull.(2014)59(5–6):528–532DOI 10.1007/s11434-013-0060-1In the original publication of this paper,the first name and the last name of the first author has been documented     

South-polar features on Venus similar to those near the north pole

Venus has no seasons, slow rotation and a very massive atmosphere, which is mainly carbon dioxide with clouds primarily of sulphuric acid droplets. Infrared observations by previous missions to Venus revealed a bright 'dipole' feature surrounded by a cold 'collar' at its north pole. The polar dipole is a 'double-eye' feature at the centre of a vast vortex that rotates around the pole, and is possibly associated with rapid downwelling. The polar cold collar is a wide, shallow river of cold air that circulates around the polar vortex. One outstanding question has been whether the global circulation was symmetric, such that a dipole feature existed at the south pole. Here we report observations of Venus' south-polar region, where we have seen clouds with morphology much like those around the north pole, but rotating somewhat faster than the northern dipole. The vortex may extend down to the lower cloud layers that lie at about 50 km height and perhaps deeper. The spectroscopic properties of the clouds around the south pole are compatible with a sulphuric acid composition.