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Three functionally distinct actin-capping proteins from the slime mould Physarum are structurally closely related to actin itself. In Physarum, actin polymerization is regulated by a set of non-polymerizable actin-like proteins. It remains to be established whether these proteins and actin are each encoded by separate genes. 相似文献
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Thrombospondins: from structure to therapeutics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Thrombospondin-1 is a secreted protein that modulates vascular cell behavior via several cell surface receptors. In vitro, nanomolar concentrations of thrombospondin-1 are required to alter endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell adhesion, proliferation, motility, and survival. Yet, much lower levels of thrombospondin-1 are clearly functional in vivo. This discrepancy was explained with the discovery that the potency of thrombospondin-1 increases more than 100-fold in the presence of physiological levels of nitric oxide (NO). Thrombospondin-1 binding to CD47 inhibits NO signaling by preventing cGMP synthesis and activation of its target cGMP-dependent protein kinase. This potent antagonism of NO signaling allows thrombospondin-1 to acutely constrict blood vessels, accelerate platelet aggregation, and if sustained, inhibit angiogenic responses. Acute antagonism of NO signaling by thrombospondin-1 is important for hemostasis but becomes detrimental for tissue survival of ischemic injuries. New therapeutic approaches targeting thrombospondin-1 or CD47 can improve recovery from ischemic injuries and overcome a deficit in NO-responsiveness in aging. (Part of a Multi-author Review). 相似文献
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Polarity of actin at the leading edge of cultured cells 总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35
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