共混涤纶碱水解动力学及水解机理

应用比表面积测定仪、扫描电子显微镜和一些化学测试手段,研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇纤维(PET)、共聚酯纤维(PEI)以及PET和PEI共混纤维(PET-I)的碱水解动力学及水解机理。结果表明:碱水解速率次序为PEl>PET-1>PET。PET-I的碱水解由于共混的影响不同于PET,纤维中PEI相优先水解,有蚀刻现象发生,并有微纤维块从纤维上脱落下来。     

Variation in the specific activity of intestinal DNA in Alytes obstetricians larvae (Amphibia, Anura) treated with thyroxine]

Treatment by thyroxine modified the specific activity of intestianl DNA in premetamorphic Alytes tadpoles. The activity decreased up to the 3rd day, and showed afterwards a peak which culminates on the 9th day. These results have been discussed in comparison with previous radioautographic observations.     

Unusually strong lipophilicity of ‘fat’ or ‘super’ amino-acids,including a new reference value for glycine

Summary Lipophilic, steric, electronic, and enzyme resistance characteristics of carboranylalanine, adamantylalanine, neopentylglycine and tert-butylglycine are described. The first 2 amino-acids display lipophilicities 2 orders of magnitude higher than tryptophan.This work was supported by research grants to Prof. R. Schwyzer from the Swiss National Science Foundation.     

Driver mutations in histone H3.3 and chromatin remodelling genes in paediatric glioblastoma

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumour in adults and children. However, DNA copy number and gene expression signatures indicate differences between adult and paediatric cases. To explore the genetic events underlying this distinction, we sequenced the exomes of 48 paediatric GBM samples. Somatic mutations in the H3.3-ATRX-DAXX chromatin remodelling pathway were identified in 44% of tumours (21/48). Recurrent mutations in H3F3A, which encodes the replication-independent histone 3 variant H3.3, were observed in 31% of tumours, and led to amino acid substitutions at two critical positions within the histone tail (K27M, G34R/G34V) involved in key regulatory post-translational modifications. Mutations in ATRX (α-thalassaemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked) and DAXX (death-domain associated protein), encoding two subunits of a chromatin remodelling complex required for H3.3 incorporation at pericentric heterochromatin and telomeres, were identified in 31% of samples overall, and in 100% of tumours harbouring a G34R or G34V H3.3 mutation. Somatic TP53 mutations were identified in 54% of all cases, and in 86% of samples with H3F3A and/or ATRX mutations. Screening of a large cohort of gliomas of various grades and histologies (n = 784) showed H3F3A mutations to be specific to GBM and highly prevalent in children and young adults. Furthermore, the presence of H3F3A/ATRX-DAXX/TP53 mutations was strongly associated with alternative lengthening of telomeres and specific gene expression profiles. This is, to our knowledge, the first report to highlight recurrent mutations in a regulatory histone in humans, and our data suggest that defects of the chromatin architecture underlie paediatric and young adult GBM pathogenesis.     

New results on system of generalized quasi-Ky Fan inequalities with set-valued mappings in topological semilattice spaces

Under new assumptions, this paper obtains some extended versions of Ky Fan type inequality for a family of C-continuous set-valued mappings in the setting of topological semilattices. The obtained results are new and different from the corresponding known results in the literature. Some special cases of the main result are also discussed. Some examples are given to illustrate the results.     

基于循环稳定特性的空时分组码MC-CDMA信号盲识别算法

空时码应用最广泛的是空时分组码(space-time block code,STBC)和垂直分层空时码(vertical bell layered space-time code, VBLAST),因为STBC信号具有时间上的相关特性,所以在求高阶循环累积量时,该信号有一个特殊的循环频率,而VBLAST信号没有此特性。提出了一种基于循环稳定特性的STBC多载波码分多址（multicarrier code division multiple access,MC-CDMA）信号识别算法。该方法先根据信号系统的基带物理结构和信号模型来建立信号相关函数的选择标准,然后估计出这些相关函数对应的四阶累积量,接着把四阶循环累积量跟信道的参数结合起来建立一个循环统计量,最后把这个循环统计量与检测门限进行比较,实现信号识别。计算机模拟仿真表明,该算法能在较低的输入信噪比条件下良好地工作。     

胆甾相液晶条纹织构及螺纹织构的形成条件

本文用外磁场的作用,在楔形液晶盒中观测胆甾相液晶织构的形成条件及形成过程。     

A new species of the genus Zhangixalus (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Vietnam

ABSTRACT

A new rhacophorid species is described from Vietnam on the basis of nine specimens collected in Quan Ba District, Ha Giang Province, northeastern Vietnam. The new species is morphologically similar to Zhangixalus pinglongensis, Z. dorsoviridis, and Z. nigropunctatus, however, it differs from the latter by having the flank cream with large black blotches on axilla and groin. The genetic distance between the new species and Zhangixalus pinglongensis, Z. dorsoviridis and Z. nigropunctatus is >3.57% (16S mtDNA gene fragment). Zhangixalus jodiae sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other species of Zhangixalus and other small rhacophorid species from Southeast Asia by a combination of the following characters: size small (SVL 36.1–39.8 mm in males); head as long as wide; vomerine teeth present; dorsal surface of head and body green without spots; axilla cream with large black blotches, groin and front-rear parts of the thigh, ventral surface of tibia black with orange blotches; lower jaw region greyish, chest and belly cream.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:89597718-024F-4FFC-B0AE-2005F12CF66C     

Integrative taxonomic analysis reveals a new species of Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from north-eastern Cambodia and central Vietnam

ABSTRACT

Species boundaries within the red-eyed Leptobrachium of southern Indochina have been uncertain. Leptobrachium pullum and L. mouhoti from upper and lower elevations, respectively, of the Langbian Plateau of southern Vietnam and eastern Cambodia differ in body size but have relatively low interspecific mitochondrial DNA divergence, leading to speculation that these might represent a single species with an elevational cline in body size. The recent discovery of an allopatric high-elevation population of red-eyed Leptobrachium on the Kon Tum Plateau (= Central Highlands) of north-eastern Cambodia and central Vietnam has been referred to both species, and to a putatively undescribed species. We examine variation in morphology of adults and tadpoles, mitochondrial DNA, 11 nuclear genes and advertisement calls, and show corroborating lines of evidence for the existence of three species of red-eyed Leptobrachium in southern Indochina. Although the three species are reciprocally monophyletic in mitochondrial DNA, their shallow mitochondrial DNA divergences are not mirrored by morphology, advertisement calls, or – in part – nuclear DNA, and probably reflect past mitochondrial introgression rather than recent speciation. The Central Highlands taxon is described herein as a new species.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CE6650AF-D9FB-40F4-8A2E-9B4E23AAC205     

Highly active brookite TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of dyes under the simulated solar−UVA radiation

Brookite TiO_2 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), diffuse reflectance UV–Visible spectroscopy(DRUV), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The obtained particles were spherical in shape with the diameter of about ～10 nm under the hydrothermal temperature of 175 °C. The photocatalytic performance of brookite was investigated in the photodegradation of dyes(rhodamine B and rose bengal) under UV-A radiation by low-power lamp. The activity of brookite and the photodegradation efficiency of dyes were estimated using a UV–Visible spectrophotometer and a total organic carbon(TOC) analyzer. Compared to anatase and rutile prepared by the similar synthesis procedure, brookite is highly active in terms of decolourization, aromatic ring opening, and mineralization.