Amplitudes, rates, periodicities and causes of temperature variations in the past 2485 years and future trends over the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplitude and rate of temperature change occurred during the Eastern Jin Event (343-425 AD), and not in the late 20th century. There were significant cycles of 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a, 110 a and 2-3 a in the 2485-year temperature series. The 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a and 110 a cycles are associated with solar activity, which greatly affects the Earth surface temperature. The long-term trends (>1000 a) of temperature were controlled by the millennium-scale cycle, and amplitudes were dominated by multi-century cycles. Moreover, cold intervals corresponded to sunspot minimums. The prediction indicated that the temperature will decrease in the future until to 2068 AD and then increase again.     

公差设计优化法

本文在评价我国现行的公差设计方法及美国SPOTTS方法的基础上,试图从不等精度出发,提出一种优化的公差设计理论及其方法。该方法的实质是:假设各零件根据结构特征、性能要求,按各自所需精度加工,且制造成本费用最低,经回归分析,非线性最优化的推证.得出了一套基本公式。 根据尺寸链原理,运用公差设计优化法,并籍助计算机的使用,可对各种机械的机构系统比较合理地分配零、部件尺寸公差。     

The orbital scale evolution of regional climate recorded in a long sediment core from Heqing, China

Based on the analysis of carbonate content and loss on ignition for a long sediment core (737 m in length) drilled in Heqing, the orbital scale evolution of the Southwest Monsoon is revealed, by using overlapped spectral analysis and filter methods. It is shown that the obliquity cycle and precession cycle are the key factors for the Southwest Monsoon evolution and that the change of the global ice volume and the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau also impose great influences on it.     

Solar influenced late Holocene temperature changes on the northern Tibetan Plateau

Considerable efforts have been made to extend temperature records beyond the instrumental period through proxy reconstructions,in order to further understand the mechanisms of past climate variability.Yet,the global coverage of existing temperature records is still limited,especially for some key regions like the Tibetan Plateau and for earlier times including the Medieval Warm Period(MWP).Here we present decadally-resolved,alkenone-based,temperature records from two lakes on the northern Tibetan Plateau.Characterized by marked temperature variability,our records provide evidence that temperatures during the MWP were slightly higher than the modern period in this region.Further,our temperature reconstructions,within age uncertainty,can be well correlated with solar irradiance changes,suggesting a possible link between solar forcing and natural climate variability,at least on the northern Tibetan Plateau.     

一类广义神经元传递函数的几个性质

采用不等式技巧，得到一类广义神经元传递函数的几个性质：拐点数目多少，稳定拐点数以及传递函数趋近稳定的所有点数，所得结果都用传递函数的参数进行了定量描述．这些性质有助于讨论有关神经网络的动力学行为．     

锥纹管换热器流体流动与传热性能实验研究

波纹换热管是一种具有特殊形状的双面强化传热管,传热效率高,轴向变形补偿能力强,被广泛应用于工程实际中。锥纹管是在传统波纹管的基础上进行改进得到的新管型,具有优越的强化传热特性。针对锥纹管弓形折流板换热器的流动与传热特性进行实验研究,并将其与传统光滑管弓形折流板换热器进行对比,实验结果表明：在所测试流量范围内,当管程介质为水,壳程介质分别为水和32#液压油时,与光滑管换热器相比,锥纹管换热器的总传热系数分别提高了5%～40%和5%～20%,管程压力降升高了20%～70%,壳程压力降降低了10%。同时进行了相关数值模拟计算,并基于实验和模拟结果,对以水为介质的锥纹管换热器的管壳程传热准则关联式进行了拟合,数值验算结果表明,关联式可以满足工程设计的精度要求。     

锥纹管换热器流体流动与传热性能实验研究

波纹换热管是一种具有特殊形状的双面强化传热管,传热效率高,轴向变形补偿能力强,被广泛应用于工程实际中。锥纹管是在传统波纹管的基础上进行改进得到的新管型,具有优越的强化传热特性。针对锥纹管弓形折流板换热器的流动与传热特性进行实验研究,并将其与传统光滑管弓形折流板换热器进行对比,实验结果表明：在所测试流量范围内,当管程介质为水,壳程介质分别为水和32#液压油时,与光滑管换热器相比,锥纹管换热器的总传热系数分别提高了5%~40%和5%~20%,管程压力降升高了20%~70%,壳程压力降降低了10%。同时进行了相关数值模拟计算,并基于实验和模拟结果,对以水为介质的锥纹管换热器的管壳程传热准则关联式进行了拟合,数值验算结果表明,关联式可以满足工程设计的精度要求。     

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities and causes of temperature variations in the past 2485 years and future trends over the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplitude and rate of temperature change occurred during the Eastern Jin Event (343?C425 AD), and not in the late 20th century. There were significant cycles of 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a, 110 a and 2?C3 a in the 2485-year temperature series. The 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a and 110 a cycles are associated with solar activity, which greatly affects the Earth surface temperature. The long-term trends (>1000 a) of temperature were controlled by the millennium-scale cycle, and amplitudes were dominated by multi-century cycles. Moreover, cold intervals corresponded to sunspot minimums. The prediction indicated that the temperature will decrease in the future until to 2068 AD and then increase again.     

Spatial pattern of modern sedimentation rate of Qinghai Lake and a preliminary estimate of the sediment flux

We investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of1 37Cs radioactivity in surface sediment of Qinghai Lake,and developed the spatial pattern of sedimentation rate.The1 37Cs inventory is higher near the estuary/bank area,but lower at the central lake.On the other hand,the average1 37Cs activity is lower near the estuary/bank area,but higher at the central lake.The mass accumulation rate(MAR) and the fluxes and contents of the terrestrial detritus(e.g.SiO2,Fe2O3,and Ti) are higher near the estuary/bank area,b...