Determining factors in potential evapotranspiration changes over China in the period 1971–2008

Potential evapotranspiration (ET_o) is important to hydrological cycling and the global energy balance. Based on a modified FAO56-Penman-Monteith model, ET_o was simulated for 603 meteorological stations across China in the period 1971–2008. Spatial distribution and temporal change of ET_o were characterized, and the determining factors in ET_o were revealed by sensitivity analysis. Results show obvious regional differences in annual average ET_o and its determining factor. In general, annual average ET_o decreased in the period 1971–2008, but increased since the 1990s. Wind speed and sunshine duration were determining factors in the annual ET_o trend, with smaller contributions from relative humidity and temperature. Declining wind speed was the determining factor in decreasing annual ET_o in northern temperate regions and the Tibetan Plateau. The spatial extent of wind speed influence contracted to northwest China in summer, and expanded to the whole country in autumn. Decreasing sunshine duration was the determining factor in decreasing annual ET_o in subtropical and tropical regions, especially in summer, with a larger spatial influence mainly to the southeast of the farming-pastoral region. ET_o change has distinct impacts on earth surface ecosystems and environment depending on different determining factors.     

含钴酞菁聚芳醚酮降解三氯苯酚的催化性能

成功地合成了钴酞菁封端(T-PAEK-CoPc)和侧链悬挂钴酞菁的聚芳醚酮(S-PAEK-CoPc), 两种聚合物均具有良好的化学和热稳定性, 以及良好的溶解性, 并在可见光范围内具有较强的吸收. 研究了这两种聚合物作为高分子催化剂降解2,4,6-三氯苯酚(TCP)的催化性能, 结果表明, 两种聚合物显示了良好的催化性能, 且S-PAEK-CoPc的催化效果比T-PAEK-CoPc更好, 反应7 h后三氯苯酚的降解率超过70%. 两种聚合物可以作为苛刻条件下降解三氯苯酚的催化剂.