The signature of hot hydrogen in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b

About ten per cent of the known extrasolar planets are gas giants that orbit very close to their parent stars. The atmospheres of these 'hot Jupiters' are heated by the immense stellar irradiation. In the case of the planet HD 209458b, this energy deposition results in a hydrodynamic state in the upper atmosphere, allowing for sizeable expansion and escape of neutral hydrogen gas. HD 209458b was the first extrasolar planet discovered that transits in front of its parent star. The size of the planet can be measured using the total optical obscuration of the stellar disk during an observed transit, and the structure and composition of the planetary atmosphere can be studied using additional planetary absorption signatures in the stellar spectrum. Here we report the detection of absorption by hot hydrogen in the atmosphere of HD 209458b. Previously, the lower atmosphere and the full extended upper atmosphere of HD 209458b have been observed, whereas here we probe a layer where the escaping gas forms in the upper atmosphere of HD 209458b.     

毛冬青甲素对心脏功能和血流动力学的作用

在整体猫心脏实验表明毛冬青甲素能增强心叽收缩性,增加心输出量、动脉血压和外周血管阻力,轻度减慢心率,增加分钟张力——时间指数,以低效率的方式增加心脏作功;轻度改善心脏的舒张特性。离体豚鼠心脏制备也表明毛冬青甲素增强心脏收缩;该药的量效曲线与异丙肾上腺素的量效曲线不平行,且不受心得安(10~(-7)M)的影响而右移,提示该药的正性肌力作用可能是对心肌直接作用,并可能不是通过β受体而实现。毛冬青甲素与哇巴因合用,不影响豚鼠哇巴因LD100。本文报导了一种利用(dp/dt)/P曲线测取左室等容舒张期压力降低的时间常数(T)的简便可行方法。     

色光混合演示的新方法

本文采用θ调制和空间滤波方法进行色光混合的演示,并讨论了滤波器及其滤波效果。     

对高职语文教学中的人文素质教育的思考

文章从改革教学内容、改进教学方式、充分利用语文学科中的人文素质教育资源、注重语文教师自身人文素质的不断提高等4个方面进行阐述,提出一些高职语文教学中如何进行人文素质教育的看法.     

Variants conferring risk of atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in humans and is characterized by chaotic electrical activity of the atria. It affects one in ten individuals over the age of 80 years, causes significant morbidity and is an independent predictor of mortality. Recent studies have provided evidence of a genetic contribution to AF. Mutations in potassium-channel genes have been associated with familial AF but account for only a small fraction of all cases of AF. We have performed a genome-wide association scan, followed by replication studies in three populations of European descent and a Chinese population from Hong Kong and find a strong association between two sequence variants on chromosome 4q25 and AF. Here we show that about 35% of individuals of European descent have at least one of the variants and that the risk of AF increases by 1.72 and 1.39 per copy. The association with the stronger variant is replicated in the Chinese population, where it is carried by 75% of individuals and the risk of AF is increased by 1.42 per copy. A stronger association was observed in individuals with typical atrial flutter. Both variants are adjacent to PITX2, which is known to have a critical function in left-right asymmetry of the heart.     

金、银、铜等典型高反射率材料的激光增材制造

激光增材制造金银材料可用于艺术品、首饰、手表等的定制化制造.铜是传统工业的重要材料,具有良好的导电性和导热性;铜的激光增材制造材料被广泛用于电子设备、热管理系统、交通运输、工业制造等领域.金、银、铜的激光增材制造具有广阔的应用前景,但也面临着重要问题:金、银、铜材料对激光的吸收率很低.理论分析表明,光吸收率受材料的电导率和激光波长的直接影响.用合金化粉末或表面改性的粉末替代原始粉末打印,或用短波长蓝光或绿光激光打印,可以提高粉体对激光的吸收率,得到更好的打印态样品.本文总结了铜、金等高反射率材料的激光增材制造的激光成型现状和原料端现状,亦对铜、金等高反射率材料的激光增材制造的未来发展趋势做出了展望.