Observation of conformation-specific pathways in the photodissociation of 1-iodopropane ions.

Many molecules can rotate freely around single bonds and thereby interconvert between different conformations, such as gauche and anti 1,2-disubstituted ethane, a classic example of conformational isomerism. Even though rotation occurs rapidly at room temperature, the product selectivity seen in some reactions has been explained by conformation-dependent reaction mechanisms: if reactant molecules differing only in their conformation are located at different positions on the reaction path, they may undergo different reactions. But a direct verification of this effect is difficult, because the energy barrier separating conformational isomers is so low that under ambient conditions reactants with more than one conformation will be present. But by using temperatures low enough to suppress the interconversion between different conformations, gauche-1-iodopropane ions and anti-1-iodopropane ions have been selectively generated. Here we show that the kinetic energy released during the photodissociation of 1-iodopropane ions depends strongly on the conformation of the ions. Thermodynamic arguments and ab initio calculations indicate that this difference in kinetic energy release results from differences in the reaction mechanism, with gauche-1-iodopropane ions forming 2-propyl ions and anti-1-iodopropane ions forming protonated cyclopropane ions. These findings suggest that the well-known concept of conformation selection forms the basis of a simple scheme for reaction control, thus providing in some cases an attractive alternative for more involved schemes that utilize the phase and pulse shape of laser beams to control chemical reactions.     

基于RBF网络的增量学习

提出了一种基于径向网络的增量学习算法 ,在对新样本进行学习时 ,通过恢复受干扰样本的方式来尽可能保持已有的知识不变 .模拟实验证明了本算法的正确性和有效性 .     

Study on Approach for Computer-Aided Design and Machining of General Cylindrical Cam Using Relative Velocity and Inverse Kinematics

Cylindrical Cam Mechanism which is one of the best eq uipments to accomplish an accurate motion transmission is widely used in the fie lds of industries, such as machine tool exchangers, textile machinery and automa tic transfer equipments. This paper proposes a new approach for the shape design and manufacturing of the cylindrical cam. The design approach uses the relative velocity concept and the manufacturing approach uses the inverse kinematics concept. For the shape desig n, the contact points betw...     

Structural and Chemical Diversity of TI-Based Cuprate Superconductors

The first TI一based euprate supereonduetor,TI一Ba-Cu一(),was diseovered by 2.2.Sheng and A.M.Hermann仁1〕. TI beeomes supereondueting at 2.38 K.NumerousTI eompounds and alloys are supereondueting.TIMo6Ses has the highest transition temperature of1 2.2 K among all non一euprate Tl eontaining alloyand eompound supereonduetors.Before thediseovery of the euprate supereonduetors,some TIeontaining oxide supereonduetors were found,among whieh TI。.3W()3 has the highest transitiontemPerature,2.14 K. Sinee the diseovery of TI euPratesuPereonduetors,two distinet families have beenidentified.Soon after the diseovery of TI一Ba一Cu-(),supereonduetivity was eonfirmed in TI一Ba一Ca-Cu一()samples.The ehemieal eompositions anderystal struetures of those eompounds were workedout as T12BaZCu()6,T12BaZCaCuZ()。,andT12BaZCaZCu3OI。[2〕.This 15 the first family of TIeuPrate supereonduetors,whieh features two TIatoms in eaeh ehemieal formula.     

基于广义RoI的遥感图像压缩

针对已有的基于RoI的图像压缩方法的不足，提出在初步分割出目标后，进一步在目标的语义方面进行改善，不仅保留对视觉有重要作用的边缘信息，而且基于图像的内容以及目标的语义，保留与目标相关的区域信息．并把这部分区域与已分割出的目标构成广义ROI，最后，对广义的ROI和背景分别用不同的压缩方法进行压缩．对广义ROI采用无损压缩以保留区域信息，对其余部分采用有损压缩以保留边缘信息．实验证明本文方法允许目标近无损分割，并能在不降低压缩比的前提下增强对重建目标的理解．     

光周期条件对罗氏沼虾幼体存活率及体长生长率的影响

用４Ｌ：２０Ｄ、８Ｌ；１６Ｄ；１２Ｌ；１２Ｄ和２４Ｌ：０Ｄ四种光周期条件培养罗氏沼虾骚状幼体，观察其存活率和生长、发育情况。研究结果表明，随着光照时间的延长，特别是在连续照明的条件下，与最短的光照条件相比，幼体的存活率及体长生长率分别提高１５７．７％和２．２％ｄ，而育成Ｐ１的时间却相应缩短了１０ｄ。     

串并联个数和温度对光伏电池结电容的影响研究

研究光伏电池的动态参数对设计光伏发电系统相应后级控制器至关重要.从分析光伏电池物理机理出发,推导出光伏电池单体/模组/阵列的结电容与偏置电压之间的较精确表达式;在提取模型中等效串联电阻和饱和电流的值的基础上,使用LambertW函数推导出偏置电压与输出电压之间的显式表达式;采用工程数学模型结合本征载流子浓度表达式推导了结电容与温度的较精确关系式;分别在不同串并联个数和温度下对结电容的影响做了仿真分析.仿真结果与部分文献的实验结果相吻合,验证了理论的正确性.     

悬浮隧道管体运动对锚索涡激振动的影响规律

根据锚索式悬浮隧道的运动特性,假设锚索是两端铰接的非线性梁模型,并将管体运动简化为两自由度的质点运动,将其视作一种参数激励。考虑锚索长期处于海流环境下,其顺流向涡激力和管体横荡运动方向一致,锚索的运动响应可能会产生明显变化。建立锚索的非线性顺流向涡激振动方程,并通过Galerkin方法和Runge-Kutta方法对该方程进行求解,选取典型悬浮隧道的结构进行数值分析,结果表明：在锚索前三阶模态中,相比于一阶模态幅值,二阶和三阶模态幅值是一个很小的量,可以忽略不计;参数激励可以使锚索更快进入稳定状态,且对振动幅值的增加有显著影响;参数激励对顺流向涡激振动的影响程度与锚索顶端的端部激励幅值和频率有关。     

Vegetation and climate changes during the last 8660 cal. a BP in central Mongolia, based on a high-resolution pollen record from Lake Ugii Nuur

Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...     

基于度信息的图像过渡区提取与分割

提出一种基于度信息的图像过渡区提取与分割算法．将一幅图像映射为带权无向图,权函数定义为节点之间的相似度,由于目标内部与背景内部的像素同质性好,相似度大,因此度值较大,而边缘像素的度值就小,由此提取过渡区并进行图像分割．实验结果表明,本方法能够稳定地提取过渡区,且处理速度明显优于原有的过渡区提取方法。