产品数据管理（PDM）在制造业中的应用与发展

在计算机技术快速发展的今天，许多企业的软件使用者和领导者开始体会到新技术带来的效益和进一步发展的必要性，认为到企业信息化的基础是产品数据管理（PDM）从PDM的产生、特点、结构、应用和发展等方面，详细地介绍了PDM的功能及其地位，以及在实施中要注意的事项。     

关于Diophantine方程xp+2p=Dy2

设p是奇素数,D是无平方因子正整数。文章证明了:当p>3时,如果D不能被p或2kp+1形之素数整除,则方程xp+2p=Dy2没有适合gcd(x,y)=1的正整数解。     

方程(axm+1)/(ax+1)=yn的正整数解

设a,m是大于1的正整数,证明:当m>2,方程(axm 1)/(ax 1)=yn仅有有限多组解(x,y,n)适合min(x,y,n)>1,而且这些解都满足yn相似文献   

大型工程项目的新型合同结构模式

就大型工程项目的新型合同结构模式的内涵、特点及其实施进行研究,重点从合同结构模式对项目投资控制、进度控制、质量控制以及组织协调方面的影响说明其重要性,以期应用现代项目管理的新理论对不同合同结构模式的优缺点进行比较,提出符合当前我国大型工程项目特点的合同结构模式,并对其具体实施提出建议.     

一个素数猜想的反例

对于正整数n,设pn是第n个素数。本文证明了:不等式穴n 1雪pn-npn 1<12穴n 1雪950对于某些正整数n不成立。     

关于Diophantine方程x^p-2^mp=pDy^2

设p是奇素数,m是正整数.D是无平方因子正整数.本文证明了当p＞3,m＞1,D不能被p或2kp+1之形素数整除时,方程xp-2mp=pDy2没有适合gcd(x,y)=1的正整数解(x,y).     

单片机程序的限时服务策略及设计

针对单片机软件中由于任务超时导致的运行紊乱情况,提出了一种借助硬件的定时中断机制,只需只量资源就可实现的限时服务处理方法,并针对顺序操作和任务操作两种情况进行详细说明。能够防止和解决程序中出现因条件不满足而无法退出功能模块,出现独占MCU时间,以及多任务机制下的任务重叠,使资源间相互干扰而出现死循环状态或运行状态错误等问题,从而提高系统的冗余度和可靠性。     

信息化带动工业化的有效途径

大力推进信息化,以信息化带动工业化,是湖南完成工业化任务,发挥后发优势,实现生产力跨越式发展的新机遇.因此,深入研究和积极探索以信息化带动工业化的有效途径和方式,是摆在我们面前的一项重要任务.     

Expanding the diversity of chemical protein modification allows post-translational mimicry

One of the most important current scientific paradoxes is the economy with which nature uses genes. In all higher animals studied, we have found many fewer genes than we would have previously expected. The functional outputs of the eventual products of genes seem to be far more complex than the more restricted blueprint. In higher organisms, the functions of many proteins are modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). These alterations of amino-acid side chains lead to higher structural and functional protein diversity and are, therefore, a leading contender for an explanation for this seeming incongruity. Natural protein production methods typically produce PTM mixtures within which function is difficult to dissect or control. Until now it has not been possible to access pure mimics of complex PTMs. Here we report a chemical tagging approach that enables the attachment of multiple modifications to bacterially expressed (bare) protein scaffolds: this approach allows reconstitution of functionally effective mimics of higher organism PTMs. By attaching appropriate modifications at suitable distances in the widely-used LacZ reporter enzyme scaffold, we created protein probes that included sensitive systems for detection of mammalian brain inflammation and disease. Through target synthesis of the desired modification, chemistry provides a structural precision and an ability to retool with a chosen PTM in a manner not available to other approaches. In this way, combining chemical control of PTM with readily available protein scaffolds provides a systematic platform for creating probes of protein-PTM interactions. We therefore anticipate that this ability to build model systems will allow some of this gene product complexity to be dissected, with the aim of eventually being able to completely duplicate the patterns of a particular protein's PTMs from an in vivo assay into an in vitro system.     

Detection of prokaryotic mRNA signifies microbial viability and promotes immunity

Live vaccines have long been known to trigger far more vigorous immune responses than their killed counterparts. This has been attributed to the ability of live microorganisms to replicate and express specialized virulence factors that facilitate invasion and infection of their hosts. However, protective immunization can often be achieved with a single injection of live, but not dead, attenuated microorganisms stripped of their virulence factors. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are detected by the immune system, are present in both live and killed vaccines, indicating that certain poorly characterized aspects of live microorganisms, not incorporated in dead vaccines, are particularly effective at inducing protective immunity. Here we show that the mammalian innate immune system can directly sense microbial viability through detection of a special class of viability-associated PAMPs (vita-PAMPs). We identify prokaryotic messenger RNA as a vita-PAMP present only in viable bacteria, the recognition of which elicits a unique innate response and a robust adaptive antibody response. Notably, the innate response evoked by viability and prokaryotic mRNA was thus far considered to be reserved for pathogenic bacteria, but we show that even non-pathogenic bacteria in sterile tissues can trigger similar responses, provided that they are alive. Thus, the immune system actively gauges the infectious risk by searching PAMPs for signatures of microbial life and thus infectivity. Detection of vita-PAMPs triggers a state of alert not warranted for dead bacteria. Vaccine formulations that incorporate vita-PAMPs could thus combine the superior protection of live vaccines with the safety of dead vaccines.