太极拳干预社区中老年人亚健康状态的临床随机对照试验

目的:评价太极拳干预中老年亚健康的疗效。方法:采用随机单盲方法,将符合亚健康诊断标准的受试者100例,随机分为太极拳干预组和一般运动干预组。两组受试者分别进行每周三次,每次30min的太极拳锻炼和一般体育运动锻炼,疗程均为16周。临床疗效观察采用SF-36生命质量评分。结果:太极拳干预组生命质量干预前后评分差值与一般体育运动组比较显示:在总体健康和生命活力两个维度的差异有统计学意义。结论:太极拳较一般运动能更好地改善中老年亚健康人群生命质量。     

福建省青少年游泳运动员比赛表现的影响因素探析

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对影响福建省青少年游泳运动员比赛表现的影响因素进行研究。经过对34个因素进行因子分析,得出影响运动员比赛表现的影响因素的9个主因子。对9大因子进行分析得知,运动员比赛表现是个人技战术水平、心理能力、客观环境、人为因素、赛前准备、教练信任、对手作用、最佳体验与自我评价等多方面因素影响的结果,为我国游泳运动员训练和赛前控制比赛状态提供理论参考。     

基于人力资本视角下上海市高校体育教师培训体系的研究

运用人力资本理论,从改善上海市高校体育教师培训质量,优化体育教师人力资本等角度探讨了构建上海市高校体育教师培训体系的必要性,并设计出由培训需求评价、培训计划制定、培训过程实施与控制以及培训效果评估等各环节共同组成的科学培训体系。     

Highly effective SNP-based association mapping and management of recessive defects in livestock

The widespread use of elite sires by means of artificial insemination in livestock breeding leads to the frequent emergence of recessive genetic defects, which cause significant economic and animal welfare concerns. Here we show that the availability of genome-wide, high-density SNP panels, combined with the typical structure of livestock populations, markedly accelerates the positional identification of genes and mutations that cause inherited defects. We report the fine-scale mapping of five recessive disorders in cattle and the molecular basis for three of these: congenital muscular dystony (CMD) types 1 and 2 in Belgian Blue cattle and ichthyosis fetalis in Italian Chianina cattle. Identification of these causative mutations has an immediate translation into breeding practice, allowing marker assisted selection against the defects through avoidance of at-risk matings.     

拓展训练在大学生情商教育中的价值探析

情商教育是高校教育中十分重要的环节,对大学生综合素质的培养有着重要意义。目前很多大学生情商较低,拓展训练作为高校情商教育的载体,能够提高大学生自信心、毅力、合作能力、人际交往能力和认知情绪能力。     

当代大学生体育消费特点及倾向性之研究

我国大学生体育消费特点呈现多样化的特点:1)体育消费动机多样化;2)实物型体育消费为主、参与型、观赏型体育消费为辅;3)体育消费能力存在较大的差异性。大学生未来的体育消费倾向呈现两大特点:1)体育消费意愿呈现增长态势;2)体育消费投入出现两极分化局面。根据我国大学生体育消费特点提出以下建议:1)加大终身体育教育理念的宣传;2)加大体育消费指导;3)加快学校体育社团建设。     

低盐刺激下副溶血弧菌基因转录表达分析

目的:应用全基因组DNA芯片技术分析低盐冷刺激作用下副溶血弧菌基因的转录表达变化.方法:分别采用"低盐持续刺激培养(continuous growth,CTG)"和"中间转入低盐环境培养(shift growth,STG)".CTG和STG下.分别采用含NaCl浓度为2%和0.66%的MV-5培养基孵育副溶血弧菌,收集菌体,提取RNA,应用全基因组DNA芯片分别比较两个不同的转录表达谱基因变化特点,分析其作用规律.同时,应用实时定量逆转录多聚酶联反应对芯片结果进行验证.结果:和对照组相比,STG实验中,共有205个基因的转录表达发生显著性变化,上调的基因占优势地位;CTG实验中,总计有298个基因的转录表达发生显著性变化,上、下涮的基因总体基本趋于平衡状态,没有明显差异.实时定量逆转录多聚酶联反应结果证实其和芯片数据结果有很强的相关性.结论:在低盐这一"胁迫环境"下,副溶血弧菌利用其存在的独特而精细的应对机制,能够顽强的生存下来并繁衍生殖,这一过程中,节能调节处于调控的核心地位.     

Development of a preventive vaccine for Ebola virus infection in primates

Outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus are associated with high mortality rates that are a distinguishing feature of this human pathogen. The highest lethality is associated with the Zaire subtype, one of four strains identified to date. Its rapid progression allows little opportunity to develop natural immunity, and there is currently no effective anti-viral therapy. Therefore, vaccination offers a promising intervention to prevent infection and limit spread. Here we describe a highly effective vaccine strategy for Ebola virus infection in non-human primates. A combination of DNA immunization and boosting with adenoviral vectors that encode viral proteins generated cellular and humoral immunity in cynomolgus macaques. Challenge with a lethal dose of the highly pathogenic, wild-type, 1976 Mayinga strain of Ebola Zaire virus resulted in uniform infection in controls, who progressed to a moribund state and death in less than one week. In contrast, all vaccinated animals were asymptomatic for more than six months, with no detectable virus after the initial challenge. These findings demonstrate that it is possible to develop a preventive vaccine against Ebola virus infection in primates.     

The stream–lake ecotone: potential habitat for juvenile endangered June suckers ( Chasmistes liorus )

Potamodromous fish are poorly studied even though they are threatened often by human activities. The June sucker ( Chasmistes liorus ) is an endangered potamodromous species endemic to Utah Lake. Larval June suckers have not been collected from Utah Lake for at least 3 decades. Recruitment appears to be limited by low temperatures and scarce food, resulting in mass starvation of larval June suckers in the stream environment. We compared water temperature, zooplankton food availability, and small fish abundance in the stream and in 3 habitats along the stream&;ndash;lake ecotone (dense emergent vegetation, sparse emergent vegetation, and open lake) to test the hypothesis that all 3 factors would reach a maximum in the dense emergent vegetation of the stream&;ndash;lake ecotone. We used the abundance of fathead minnows in each habitat type as a surrogate for small fish like juvenile June suckers. We found that temperature, food, and fathead minnows reached their maximums in the open lake rather than in vegetated habitats of the stream&;ndash;lake ecotone. The stream had the lowest average temperatures (15.1 &;deg;C) and the lowest zooplankton concentrations (61 ? L &;ndash;1 ) over the growing season. Contrary to expectations, low temperatures (16.9 &;deg;C) and low food abundance (505 ? L &;ndash;1 ) also characterized the densely vegetated habitat, whereas the open lake had the highest temperatures (20.4&;deg; C) and highest concentrations of zooplankton (2353 ? L &;ndash;1 ). Restoration should include a mechanism to transport larval fish through the densely vegetated portion of the stream&;ndash;lake ecotone, which can be hundreds of meters wide, to the warm productive waters of the open lake. The braided planform of the terminal reaches of Hobble Creek should be replaced with shallow riffles to increase mean stream velocity and decrease the transport time of larval June suckers. Los peces potamodromos se han estudiado poco a pesar de que a menudo los amenazan las actividades humanas. El matalote junio ( Chasmistes liorus ) es una especie potamodroma en peligro de extinci&;oacute;n que es end&;eacute;mica del Lago Utah. Hace al menos tres d&;eacute;cadas que no se colectan matalotes larvales del Lago Utah. El reclutamiento parece estar limitado tanto por las temperaturas bajas como por la escasez de alimento, la cual causa una inanici&;oacute;n masiva de matalotes junio larvales en el h&;aacute;bitat fluvial. Comparamos la temperatura del agua, disponibilidad de zooplancton y abundancia de peces peque&;ntilde;os en el arroyo y en tres h&;aacute;bitats a lo largo del ecotono arroyo&;ndash;lago (vegetaci&;oacute;n semisumergida tupida, vegetaci&;oacute;n semisumergida escasa y el lago abierto) para comprobar la hip&;oacute;tesis de que los tres factores alcanzar&;iacute;an su m&;aacute;ximo en la vegetaci&;oacute;n semisumergida tupida del ecotono arroyo&;ndash;lago. Utilizamos la abundancia de la carpita cabezona en cada clase de h&;aacute;bitat como indicador indirecto de peces peque&;ntilde;os como los matalotes junio juveniles. Descubrimos que la temperatura, el alimento y las carpitas cabezonas alcanzaron sus niveles m&;aacute;ximos en el lago abierto y no en los h&;aacute;bitats con vegetaci&;oacute;n del ecotono arroyo&;ndash;lago. El arroyo tuvo las temperaturas promedio m&;aacute;s bajas durante la temporada de crecimiento (15.1 &;deg;C) y concentraciones bajas de zooplancton (61 ? L &;ndash;1 ). Al contrario de lo esperado, el h&;aacute;bitat de vegetaci&;oacute;n tupida tuvo temperaturas bajas (16.9 &;deg;C) y concentraciones bajas de alimento (505 ? L &;ndash;1 ), mientras que el lago abierto tuvo la temperatura m&;aacute;s alta (20.4 &;deg;C) y la mayor concentraci&;oacute;n de zooplancton (2353 ?&;nbsp; L &;ndash;1 ). La restauraci&;oacute;n de esta especie debe incluir alg&;uacute;n mecanismo para transportar los peces larvales a trav&;eacute;s de la parte de vegetaci&;oacute;n tupida del ecotono arroyo&;ndash;lago, la cual puede tener cientos de metros de ancho, a las aguas c&;aacute;lidas y m&;aacute;s productivas del lago abierto. Se debe reemplazar la forma trenzada de los tramos terminales de Hobble Creek con encalladeros para aumentar la velocidad promedio del arroyo y agilizar la traves&;iacute;a de los matalotes junio larvales.     

跑台上相同速度走和跑的健身效果分析

选取10名普通大学男生为研究对象,运用实验法研究走和跑这两种运动方式的健身效果。结果显示：在运动强度方面,速度为3.5-4.5英里/小时时,表现为走显著小于跑;速度为5.0英里/小时时,表现为走显著大于跑。在主观感觉方面,速度为3.5-4.0英里/小时时,RPE值表现为走小于跑;速度为4.5-5.0英里/小时时,RPE值表现为走大于跑。在能量消耗方面,表现为递增式全过程跑大于走。