Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice

We characterized yield-relevant characters and their variations over genotypes and environments （locations and years） by examining two rice varieties （9746 and Jinfeng） with high yield potential. 9746 and Jinfeng were planted in two locations of Shanghai, China, during 2005 and 2006. The results show that there was a large variation in grain yield between locations and years. The realization of high yield potential for the two types of rice was closely related to the improved sink size, such as more panicles per square meter or grains per panicle. Stem and leaf biomasses were mainly accumulated from tillering stage to heading stage, and showed slow decline during grain filling. Meanwhile, some photosynthetic characters including net photosynthesis rate （Pn）, leaf area index （LAI）, specific leaf area （SLA）, fluorescence parameter （maximum quantum yield ofPSll, Fv/Fm）, chlorophyll content （expressed as SPAD value）, as well as nutrient （N, P, K） uptake were also measured to determine their variations over genotypes and environments and their relationships with grain yield. Although there were significant differences between years or locations for most measurements, SLA at tillering and heading stages, Fv/Fm and LAI at heading stage, stem biomass at heading and maturity stages, and leaf nitrogen concentration at tillering and heading stages remained little changed, indicating their pos- sible applications as selectable characters in breeding programs. It was also found that stem nitrogen accumulation at tillering stage is one of the most important and stable traits for high yield formation.     

大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾抗高温应激的影响

 将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组3个平行,每个平行约1 000尾,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加 w 为0.05%、0.10%、0.20%、0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物。饲养8周后,对虾进行连续48 h 35 ℃高温应激,测定其生长、应激前后血淋巴葡萄糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、溶菌酶、一氧化氮（NO）等的变化。结果表明：与对照组相比,添加 w=0.10%的大黄蒽醌提取物显著提高了虾的增重率、降低了饵料系数,w=0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物显著增加了血淋巴溶菌酶含量。高温应激后,与对照组相比,添加 w 为0.1%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物仍保持较高血淋巴溶菌酶、一氧化氮浓度。高温应激试验表明：对照组死亡率达60%,添加 w为0.10%和0. 20%大黄蒽醌提取物小于30%。因此添加 w 为0.10%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物提高了机体抗应激能力,并对高温引起虾的死亡有一定的保护作用,促进了虾的生长。     

饲料脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼摄食后血脂,血糖的影响

为了研究饲料脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)血液脂肪代谢的影响,选择均重为(2.63±0.16)g的健康的315尾吉富罗非鱼,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,投喂3组不同脂肪水平的等氮低脂肪组、中脂肪组、高脂肪组饲料(饲料中脂肪含量分别为3.71%、7.67%和16.55%),饲养90 d。禁食48 h再投喂,摄食不同脂肪饲料后0、6、12、24、48 h取样测定试验鱼血清中甘油三酯、胆固醇及血糖含量。结果显示:在48 h内,吉富罗非鱼血液中甘油三酯、胆固醇、血糖均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在摄食后同一时间点,摄食高脂肪试验鱼血液甘油三酯和胆固醇显著高于低脂肪组(P<0.05),而血糖无显著变化,但有下降的趋势。结果说明:摄食后48 h内,吉富罗非鱼摄食低、中脂肪水平饲料后血液甘油三酯、胆固醇、血糖呈现单峰波变化规律,高脂肪诱导血液甘油三酯合成代谢,但没有改变其变化基本规律。     

连续型随机变量的单位化

通过引入单位随机变量的定义，讨论连续型随机变量与单位随机变量关系，提出并证明了在一定条件下，连续型随机变量可转化为单位随机变量，或者说，连续型随机变量可用单位随机变量表示。     

鲤IGF2b基因内含子的克隆、基因组序列分析及慢病毒载体构建

 为了了解鲤IGF2b基因与鲤生长性状之间的关系,以建鲤为试验材料,克隆了IGF2b基因内含子,分析其基因组序列的特点,构建了IGF2基因的慢病毒载体,同时观察其在293T细胞中的表达活性。结果获得鲤IGF2b 5 173 bp长度的基因组DNA序列(HM755899),共有3个内含子,4个外显子;在3′非翻译区存在2个CpG岛,在5′端非翻译区存在(T)n重复序列;除此之外,成功构建了慢病毒载体质粒Lenti-IGF2b-IRES-EGFP,转染293T细胞后,产生的重组慢病毒颗粒出现高表达绿色荧光,荧光定量PCR检测发现IGF2b基因在293T细胞中高表达。这些结果将为研究IGF2b基因在多态性、表达方面与鲤生长性状之间的关联奠定基础。     

湘西地区矿泉水资源水质分析

通过对湘西自治州各县市的实地考察,选取具有代表性的泉眼采样取水,采用离子色谱法（IC）、电感耦合离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)及化学滴定法测定水样中微量元素,并对所取水样进行了水质分析与评价.实验结果表明湘西州地区水质多为淡泉水,含有人体所需的多种微量元素,限量元素含量很低,卫生指标全部符合标准要求.