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Archive for History of Exact Sciences - Adolf Hurwitz’s estate contains a note from the early 1880s on the converse to Riemann’s proof of the functional equation for the zeta-function;... 相似文献
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Loss-of-function mutations in TGFB2 cause a syndromic presentation of thoracic aortic aneurysm 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ME Lindsay D Schepers NA Bolar JJ Doyle E Gallo J Fert-Bober MJ Kempers EK Fishman Y Chen L Myers D Bjeda G Oswald AF Elias HP Levy BM Anderlid MH Yang EM Bongers J Timmermans AC Braverman N Canham GR Mortier HG Brunner PH Byers J Van Eyk L Van Laer HC Dietz BL Loeys 《Nature genetics》2012,44(8):922-927
Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) associates with a tissue signature for high transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling but is often caused by heterozygous mutations in genes encoding positive effectors of TGF-β signaling, including either subunit of the TGF-β receptor or SMAD3, thereby engendering controversy regarding the mechanism of disease. Here, we report heterozygous mutations or deletions in the gene encoding the TGF-β2 ligand for a phenotype within the LDS spectrum and show upregulation of TGF-β signaling in aortic tissue from affected individuals. Furthermore, haploinsufficient Tgfb2(+/-) mice have aortic root aneurysm and biochemical evidence of increased canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling. Mice that harbor both a mutant Marfan syndrome (MFS) allele (Fbn1(C1039G/+)) and Tgfb2 haploinsufficiency show increased TGF-β signaling and phenotypic worsening in association with normalization of TGF-β2 expression and high expression of TGF-β1. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that compensatory autocrine and/or paracrine events contribute to the pathogenesis of TGF-β-mediated vasculopathies. 相似文献
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Tschöp M Castañeda TR Joost HG Thöne-Reineke C Ortmann S Klaus S Hagan MM Chandler PC Oswald KD Benoit SC Seeley RJ Kinzig KP Moran TH Beck-sickinger AG Koglin N Rodgers RJ Blundell JE Ishii Y Beattie AH Holch P Allison DB Raun K Madsen K Wulff BS Stidsen CE Birringer M Kreuzer OJ Schindler M Arndt K Rudolf K Mark M Deng XY Whitcomb DC Halem H Taylor J Dong J Datta R Culler M Craney S Flora D Smiley D Heiman ML Withcomb DC 《Nature》2004,430(6996):1 p following 165; discussion 2 p following 165
Batterham et al. report that the gut peptide hormone PYY3-36 decreases food intake and body-weight gain in rodents, a discovery that has been heralded as potentially offering a new therapy for obesity. However, we have been unable to replicate their results. Although the reasons for this discrepancy remain undetermined, an effective anti-obesity drug ultimately must produce its effects across a range of situations. The fact that the findings of Batterham et al. cannot easily be replicated calls into question the potential value of an anti-obesity approach that is based on administration of PYY3-36. 相似文献
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In this paper we consider a specific model of membrane systems, i. e. membrane systems with attributes. In these systems, the information is placed at the membranes in form of attributes, no objects are considered inside the membranes except for other membranes. The membrane system with attributes evolves according to rules that compute new values for the attributes from the attributes assigned to the membranes involved in the rule. The model of membrane systems with attributes allows us to specify business transactions in a precise way and to simulate different models for such transactions with a suitable tool for membrane systems with attributes. 相似文献
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Cyclical "on demand" oral intake by adults 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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The two brothers Julius and Adolf Hurwitz were born in the middle of the nineteenth century in a small town near Hanover (not far from Göttingen). Already during their schooldays, the two of them became acquainted with mathematical problems and both started to study mathematics, but while the younger brother Adolf turned out to be extremely successful in his research, the elder brother and his work seem to be almost forgotten. This paper examines the lives and works of the two brothers with particular emphasis on the contributions of Julius Hurwitz, and the subsequent reception of their research. It deals with the development of an arithmetical theory for complex continued fractions by Julius and Adolf Hurwitz around 1890 and its rediscovery in the twentieth century. 相似文献
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Kinga Csorba Alina Sesarman Eva Oswald Vasile Feldrihan Anja Fritsch Takashi Hashimoto Cassian Sitaru 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(8):1343-1351
The pathomechanism of antibody-mediated tissue damage in autoimmune diseases can be best studied in experimental models by
passively transferring specific autoantibodies into animals. The reproduction of the disease in animals depends on several
factors, including the cross-reactivity of patient autoantibodies with the animal tissue. Here, we show that autoantibodies
from patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), a subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease, recognize multiple
epitopes on murine collagen VII. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that EBA patients’ IgG cross-reacts with
mouse skin. Overlapping, recombinant fragments of murine collagen VII were used to characterize the reactivity of EBA sera
and to map the epitopes on the murine antigen by ELISA and immunoblotting. The patients’ autoantibody binding to murine collagen
VII triggered pathogenic events as demonstrated by a complement fixing and an ex vivo granulocyte-dependent dermal–epidermal
separation assay. These findings should greatly facilitate the development of improved disease models and novel therapeutic
strategies. 相似文献
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Based on the biological model of cell-to-cell communication proposed by A. Rustom et al. (Science, 2004, 303: 1007-1010), we investigate the possibilities to apply P systems with dynamic channels transporting membrane vesicles for describing processes in distributed systems. 相似文献