CDMA系统及其降噪的实验方法：系统设计到硬件测试所通过的超大规模集成电路

本书介绍了意大利比萨大学一个团队的开发项目——CDMA移动终端接受器．以及从中获取的经验，为通信理论到VLSI实现建立了一座桥梁，呈现了从最初系统设计到最终硬件测试所需要的电信和电子相关知识，主要目的是为通信电路的设计提供理论和实践上的支持。书中介绍的知识和技术可以运用到更一般的无线调制解调器的构架设计和实现。     

Development of hyperphagia in male rats following placement of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions at four different ages

Zusammenfassung Im Gegensatz zu weiblichen Ratten zeigen männliche Tiere mit Läsionen des N. ventromedialis hypothalami im Alter von 26, 59, 75 und 140 Tagen kurz nach der Ablaktation keinen unmittelbaren Einfluss auf die Futteraufnahme, Erwachsene nie die in den gleichaltrigen weiblichen Ratten beobachtete Hyperphagie. Männliche Ratten erreichen das Kontrollniveau schon nach 5 Wochen, während die weiblichen Tiere noch ausgeprägte Hyperphagic zeigen.

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This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Grant No. HE 06975 of the National Heart Institute.     

Oncogene-induced senescence is a DNA damage response triggered by DNA hyper-replication

Early tumorigenesis is associated with the engagement of the DNA-damage checkpoint response (DDR). Cell proliferation and transformation induced by oncogene activation are restrained by cellular senescence. It is unclear whether DDR activation and oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) are causally linked. Here we show that senescence, triggered by the expression of an activated oncogene (H-RasV12) in normal human cells, is a consequence of the activation of a robust DDR. Experimental inactivation of DDR abrogates OIS and promotes cell transformation. DDR and OIS are established after a hyper-replicative phase occurring immediately after oncogene expression. Senescent cells arrest with partly replicated DNA and with DNA replication origins having fired multiple times. In vivo DNA labelling and molecular DNA combing reveal that oncogene activation leads to augmented numbers of active replicons and to alterations in DNA replication fork progression. We also show that oncogene expression does not trigger a DDR in the absence of DNA replication. Last, we show that oncogene activation is associated with DDR activation in a mouse model in vivo. We propose that OIS results from the enforcement of a DDR triggered by oncogene-induced DNA hyper-replication.     

Summer sea-surface temperatures and climate events on the North Icelandic shelf through the last 3000 years

Diatom data from core MD992271 on the North Icelandic shelf record a cooling trend through the last 3000 years. This is indicated by a general decrease in warm water species and an increase in cold water taxa. The relative abundance of these two diatom groups changed periodically, suggesting that the climate also fluctuated within this time period. The results of diatom-based transfer function calculation show that the summer sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) before 1400 cal. a BP were generally higher than the mean value for the last 3000 years and the summer SSTs fluctuated around the mean between 1400 and 700 cal. a BP, and dropped to the values below the mean after 700 cal. a BP. Four cooling events were distinguished, centered at around 2600, 1900, 1300 and 600 cal. a BP respectively. The results are not only consistent with the data from neighbouring cores HM107-03 and MD992275, but also comparable with those from the GISP2 ice core and from other marine sediment records in the North Atlantic. This suggests that changes in the summer SSTs reflect regional climate variations in the North Atlantic. On the North Icelandic shelf, the summer SST variation is a result of changes in the in-teraction between the cold and the warm currents in the area.     

养分添加对青藏高原高寒草甸丛枝菌根真菌的影响

基于海北站的养分添加实验平台探讨养分输入对青藏高原高寒草甸丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)的影响。实验处理包括: 1) 对照; 2) 10 gN/(m²•a)的氮添加; 3) 5 gP/(m²•a)的磷添加; 4) 10 gK/(m²•a)的钾添加。利用醋酸墨水染色法定量分析各处理下植物根系的AMF侵染率。结果表明, 氮添加使总的AMF侵染率显著减少27%, 但对AMF的丛枝丰度和囊泡多度无显著影响; 磷添加和钾添加对AMF均无显著影响, 但是磷添加使AMF侵染率有降低趋势。可以得到, 不同养分添加对高寒草甸植物与AMF的共生关系具有不同影响, 由此可能会引起物种组成等一系列的变化, 影响生态系统结构和功能, 因此在评估养分添加效应时应该考虑其对AMF的影响。     

Development of hyperphagia in female rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions placed at four different ages

Zusammenfassung Ventromedial-hypothalamische Läsionen führen bei nicht mehr säugenden weiblichen Ratten zu temporärer Hypophagie, bei älteren Tieren zu Hyperphagie. In den folgenden Wochen wird eine autonome Stabilität und normale Futteraufnahme wieder erreicht. Bezogen auf das Körpergewicht assen die nicht mehr säugenden Ratten weniger als gleich alte Kontrolltiere, mehr jedoch als ältere lädierte Ratten.

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This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Grant HE No. 06975 of the National Heart Institute.

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The author is grateful to Dr.Floyd R.Skelton for his criticism, help and support in this investigation.     

Stereotaxic localization of amygdaloid nuclei in rats from weaning to adulthood

Zusammenfassung Stereotaxische Koordinaten werden für die Setzung von Läsionen in den Amygdalen von Ratten (54–236 g Körpergewicht) ermittelt. Die Daten ermöglichen auch die Extrapolation von Strukturen, die in dieser Mitteilung nicht erwähnt wurden.

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This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Grant No. HE 06975 of the National Heart Institute.