Synthetic Study on Polyhydroxyestrogens Modeled for Inagami-Tamura Endogenous Digitalis-like Factor and Their Activity

1 Results Mammalian possess receptors for digitalis,cardiac glycosides,derived from plants.As one of the results from studies on a real endogenous ligand for the receptors,so called an endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDF) or substance (EDS),Inagami and Tamura isolated a promising candidate possessing a molecular weight,336.We elucidated several possible structures (Fig.1) for the factor and synthesized several modeled compounds,some of which exhibited remarkable constriction at higher concentrations t...     

A microanalysis of colloid osmotic pressure

Summary A needle type of colloid osmometer has been devised with special attachments which made it useable with 3-l samples. It has been used in oncometry of fresh water teleosts to give the following results: 5.1±1.0 mm Hg for goldfish, 5.2±0.71 mm Hg for carp, and 14.3±0.75 mm Hg for eel.This study was supported in part by Research Grant 387036 from the Ministry of Education of Japan.invited to National Institute of Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.     

Regulation of IgA production by naturally occurring TNF/iNOS-producing dendritic cells

Immunoglobulin-A has an irreplaceable role in the mucosal defence against infectious microbes. In human and mouse, IgA-producing plasma cells comprise approximately 20% of total plasma cells of peripheral lymphoid tissues, whereas more than 80% of plasma cells produce IgA in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). One of the most biologically important and long-standing questions in immunology is why this 'biased' IgA synthesis takes place in the MALT but not other lymphoid organs. Here we show that IgA class-switch recombination (CSR) is impaired in inducible-nitric-oxide-synthase-deficient (iNOS-/-; gene also called Nos2) mice. iNOS regulates the T-cell-dependent IgA CSR through expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptor, and the T-cell-independent IgA CSR through production of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL, also called Tnfsf13) and a B-cell-activating factor of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family (BAFF, also called Tnfsf13b). Notably, iNOS is preferentially expressed in MALT dendritic cells in response to the recognition of commensal bacteria by toll-like receptor. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of iNOS+ dendritic cells rescues IgA production in iNOS-/- mice. Further analysis revealed that the MALT dendritic cells are a TNF-alpha/iNOS-producing dendritic-cell subset, originally identified in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes. The presence of a naturally occurring TNF-alpha/iNOS-producing dendritic-cell subset may explain the predominance of IgA production in the MALT, critical for gut homeostasis.     

利用环介导恒温扩增法简易诊断松萎蔫病Takuya Aikawa,Natsumi Kanzak,Taisei Kikuch

诊断松萎蔫病的传统方法是从木质组织中分离松材线虫,然后用显微镜进行形态学鉴定。基于DNA分子检测的方法尽管很灵敏,不需要固定发育阶段的松材线虫,但是仍然需要用Baermann 漏斗法分离线虫,并且需要昂贵的仪器。笔者研发了利用环介导恒温扩增法检测松材线虫的存在,该方法包括：(1) 从木块中提取DNA;(2) DNA 扩增;(3) 通过反应溶液的颜色做出诊断。该方法仅使用培养箱且整个过程只需要90 min,比以往方法更加简便和快速。     

基于统计信道模型的MIMO多天线系统性能研究

由于多径效应的存在,MIMO无线传输系统的性能很大程度上取决于衰落信号空间相关性.研究基于统计的传输信道模型,及在此模型下MIMO多天线系统的接收性能.在理想基站天线结构下,用户终端(UT)的波达信号方位功率谱(APS)模型可应用到Kronecker MIMO信道模型中.研究在Kronecker MIMO信道模型中方位功率谱对MIMO分集和多天线系统性能的影响.数值仿真结果表明:此统计信道模型下的参数估计符合理论和经验;提出的统计信道模型及分析法扩展了以前的MIMO信道模型建模,降低了计算和分析的复杂度.     

MIMO阵元方向性对系统性能影响研究

在考虑空间衰落相关性(SFC)的同时引入天线单元方向性,研究基于统计信道模型的终端MIMO多天线模型及性能评估方法.在Kronecker的MIMO信道建模中应用终端波达信号方位角功率谱(APS)模型.利用此MIMO信道模型概念,分析在统计衰落信道中MIMO阵元方向性对系统性能影响,包括对空间衰落相关系数、MIMO多径信道容量和误码率(BER)的影响.仿真和优化结果表明:终端MIMO多天线模型中阵元方向性对系统性能影响显著,合理安排阵元波束方向可增加约10%多径信道容量并明显减小误码率.     

How to form and close the brain: insight into the mechanism of cranial neural tube closure in mammals

The development of the embryonic brain critically depends on successfully completing cranial neural tube closure (NTC). Failure to properly close the neural tube results in significant and potentially lethal neural tube defects (NTDs). We believe these malformations are caused by disruptions in normal developmental programs such as those involved in neural plate morphogenesis and patterning, tissue fusion, and coordinated cell behaviors. Cranial NTDs include anencephaly and craniorachischisis, both lethal human birth defects. Newly emerging methods for molecular and cellular analysis offer a deeper understanding of not only the developmental NTC program itself but also mechanical and kinetic aspects of closure that may contribute to cranial NTDs. Clarifying the underlying mechanisms involved in NTC and how they relate to the onset of specific NTDs in various experimental models may help us develop novel intervention strategies to prevent NTDs.