n维空间中质点之间距离分布及其特征

提出了随机分配的质点之间距离分布的概念,给出了最近距离分布公式,得到了最近距离和k次距离分布的众数,矩及质点空间密度D的充分统计量和极大似然估计.     

Comparison of the time courses of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion rates during continuous stimulation by LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in vivo and in vitro

Summary The patterns of LH secretion during constant stimulation of the pituitary glands of estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats with a maximally stimulating amount of LH-RH in vivo and in vitro correspond with each other qualitatively and quantitatively. In vitro the changes with time of the LH secretion rate are somewhat retarded, especially the occurrence of desensitization.     

Comparison of the time courses of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion rates during continuous stimulation by LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in vivo and in vitro

The patterns of LH secretion during constant stimulation of the pituitary glands of estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats with a maximally stimulating amount of LH-RH in vivo and in vitro correspond with each other qualitatively and quantitatively. In vitro the changes with time of the LH secretion rate are somewhat retarded, especially the occurrence of desensitization.     

CaMnO_3和LaMnO_3的电子结构研究

密度泛函理论(DFT)方法通常难以处理强关联体系,而DFT+U方法的计算结果强烈地依赖于U的取值.利用一种混合了部分DFT交换关联势和非局域Hartree-Fock精确交换势的杂化泛函HSE方法,研究了钙钛矿锰氧化物的两个典型反铁磁绝缘体CaMnO3和LaMnO3的电子结构,分析了二者的能隙特征与Mn离子价态和磁有序态的关联.根据ZSA方案CaMnO3可划分为电荷转移型绝缘体.LaMnO3的能隙表现出各向异性特征,其中沿c轴方向及ab面内的自旋多数通道中能隙的Mott-Hubbard特征更为显著,而自旋少数通道显示出完全的电荷转移型特征.     

和谐就是力量--兼评培根的"知识就是力量"

和谐--无论是结构状态的分布有序还是功能状态的进化有道,都蕴涵着无与伦比的力量与神奇.自我和谐是个人身心微观和谐发展的调适力,人我和谐是社会中观和谐发展的协和力,物我和谐是人与自然宏观和谐发展的自然力,以至在某种意义上我们不得不说,和谐是发展之源,和谐就是力量;反之,自我失衡是身心微观灾变之端,人我失衡是社会中观模糊或畸形运作之始,物我失衡是一场没有胜利的逆变,以至在某种意义上我们不得不说,失衡是畸变之兆,失衡就是耗散."知识就是力量"是一个工具理性张扬的命题,而"和谐就是力量"则是"知识就是力量"的合理升华,是东方智慧的集大成.通过物理学与伦理学的二维证明我们发现,"和谐就是力量"不仅是一个长期被忽视的物理学定律,而且是一个重要的和谐伦理命题.     

Single-substrate liquid-crystal displays by photo-enforced stratification

Data visualization plays a crucial role in our society, as illustrated by the many displays that surround us. In the future, displays may become even more pervasive, ranging from individually addressable image-rendering wall hangings to data displays integrated in clothes. Liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) provide most of the flat-panel displays currently used. To keep pace with the ever-increasing possibilities afforded by developments in information technology, we need to develop manufacturing processes that will make LCDs cheaper and larger, with more freedom in design. Existing batch processes for making and filling LCD cells are relatively expensive, with size and shape limitations. Here we report a cost-effective, single-substrate technique in which a coated film is transformed into a polymer-covered liquid-crystal layer. This approach is based on photo-enforced stratification: a two-step photopolymerization-induced phase separation of a liquid-crystal blend and a polymer precursor. The process leads to the formation of micrometre-sized containers filled with a switchable liquid-crystal phase. In this way, displays can be produced on a variety of substrates using current coating technology. The developed process may be an important step towards new technologies such as 'display-on-anything' and 'paintable displays'.     

Identification of Stk6/STK15 as a candidate low-penetrance tumor-susceptibility gene in mouse and human

Linkage analysis and haplotype mapping in interspecific mouse crosses (Mus musculus x Mus spretus) identified the gene encoding Aurora2 (Stk6 in mouse and STK15 in human) as a candidate skin tumor susceptibility gene. The Stk6 allele inherited from the susceptible M. musculus parent was overexpressed in normal cells and preferentially amplified in tumor cells from F(1) hybrid mice. We identified a common genetic variant in STK15 (resulting in the amino acid substitution F31I) that is preferentially amplified and associated with the degree of aneuploidy in human colon tumors. The Ile31 variant transforms rat1 cells more potently than the more common Phe31 variant. The E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N was a preferential binding partner of the 'weak' STK15 Phe31 variant form in yeast two-hybrid screens and in human cells. This interaction results in colocalization of UBE2N with STK15 at the centrosomes during mitosis. These results are consistent with an important role for the Ile31 variant of STK15 in human cancer susceptibility.     

Social parasitism by male-producing reproductive workers in a eusocial insect

The evolution of extreme cooperation, as found in eusocial insects (those with a worker caste), is potentially undermined by selfish reproduction among group members. In some eusocial Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), workers can produce male offspring from unfertilized eggs. Kin selection theory predicts levels of worker reproduction as a function of the relatedness structure of the workers' natal colony and the colony-level costs of worker reproduction. However, the theory has been only partially successful in explaining levels of worker reproduction. Here we show that workers of a eusocial bumble bee (Bombus terrestris) enter unrelated, conspecific colonies in which they then produce adult male offspring, and that such socially parasitic workers reproduce earlier and are significantly more reproductive and aggressive than resident workers that reproduce within their own colonies. Explaining levels of worker reproduction, and hence the potential of worker selfishness to undermine the evolution of cooperation, will therefore require more than simply a consideration of the kin-selected interests of resident workers. It will also require knowledge of the full set of reproductive options available to workers, including intraspecific social parasitism.