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Hinke CB Böhmer M Boutachkov P Faestermann T Geissel H Gerl J Gernhäuser R Górska M Gottardo A Grawe H Grębosz JL Krücken R Kurz N Liu Z Maier L Nowacki F Pietri S Podolyák Z Sieja K Steiger K Straub K Weick H Wollersheim HJ Woods PJ Al-Dahan N Alkhomashi N Ataç A Blazhev A Braun NF Čeliković IT Davinson T Dillmann I Domingo-Pardo C Doornenbal PC de France G Farrelly GF Farinon F Goel N Habermann TC Hoischen R Janik R Karny M Kaşkaş A Kojouharov IM Kröll T Litvinov Y Myalski S Nebel F 《Nature》2012,486(7403):341-345
The shell structure of atomic nuclei is associated with 'magic numbers' and originates in the nearly independent motion of neutrons and protons in a mean potential generated by all nucleons. During β(+)-decay, a proton transforms into a neutron in a previously not fully occupied orbital, emitting a positron-neutrino pair with either parallel or antiparallel spins, in a Gamow-Teller or Fermi transition, respectively. The transition probability, or strength, of a Gamow-Teller transition depends sensitively on the underlying shell structure and is usually distributed among many states in the neighbouring nucleus. Here we report measurements of the half-life and decay energy for the decay of (100)Sn, the heaviest doubly magic nucleus with equal numbers of protons and neutrons. In the β-decay of (100)Sn, a large fraction of the strength is observable because of the large decay energy. We determine the largest Gamow-Teller strength so far measured in allowed nuclear β-decay, establishing the 'superallowed' nature of this Gamow-Teller transition. The large strength and the low-energy states in the daughter nucleus, (100)In, are well reproduced by modern, large-scale shell model calculations. 相似文献
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