Flow-induced release of adenosine 5′-triphosphate from endothelial cells of the rat mesenteric arterial bed

Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) was released into the perfusate of rat isolated mesenteric arterial beds during each of two consecutive increases in flow. There was no significant difference between the amounts of ATP released on each occasion. Substance P was also released into the perfusate by increased flow, although its release was more variable. Removal of the endothelium of the mesenteric vessels with sodium deoxycholate led to a significant reduction (74%) in the amount of ATP released compared with the release before the endothelium had been removed. This suggests that the ATP released into the mesenteric arterial perfusate during increased flow arises from endothelial cells.     

Influence of PGA1 on cartilage growth

Summary Using the Fell technique of organ culture of cartilage in a chemically defined medium, it has been shown that prostaglandin A₁ at a concentration of 25 g/ml caused chondrocyte death in chick embryonic limb rudiments. An equimolar concentration of PGE₂ was not toxic to the cells.Acknowledgments. We are grateful for the support of C. J. K. by the Medical Research Council and of D. L. G. by the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council for Research. Our thanks are due to Dame Honor Fell, F. R. S. for invaluable advice and guidance, to Dr J. Pike (Upjohn Co.) for supplies of prostaglandin A₁, and to Dr Sylvia Fitton-Jackson for the gift of culture medium.     

基于模糊数的模糊学习理论的关键定理

考虑到现实世界的模糊性,结合模糊集理论和模糊统计学的知识,首先给出了关于模糊数函数以及模糊随机变量函数的若干定理;提出了模糊学习问题的一般表示;最后给出并证明了基于模糊数的模糊学习理论的关键定理.     

Nodal基因5′末端侧翼序列启动子的分析

为了鉴定Ｎｏｄａｌ基因的基本启动子元件,将Ｎｏｄａｌ基因５′侧翼序列的各缺失片段构建以荧光素酶为报告基因的重组质粒。用这些拾报告基因的质粒转化Ｆ９细胞并测定了它们的瞬时表达荧光素酶海性。Ｎｏｄａｌ基因的基本启动子元件位于转录起始位点上游约６０ｂｐ,其中含有一个位于－３３ｂｐ处的ＴＡＴＡｂｏｘ,它对于转录起始起着重要作用。这个基本启动子在多种细胞类型中都有活性,但其活性不强。     

结构模糊随机优化设计的数学模型

讨论了结构模糊随机优化设计数学模型的建立问题。给出了模糊随机优化设计模型的具体方法,并说明了经典结构优化设计模型、模糊优化设计模型是该文所建模型的特例。     

Expanding the diversity of chemical protein modification allows post-translational mimicry

One of the most important current scientific paradoxes is the economy with which nature uses genes. In all higher animals studied, we have found many fewer genes than we would have previously expected. The functional outputs of the eventual products of genes seem to be far more complex than the more restricted blueprint. In higher organisms, the functions of many proteins are modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). These alterations of amino-acid side chains lead to higher structural and functional protein diversity and are, therefore, a leading contender for an explanation for this seeming incongruity. Natural protein production methods typically produce PTM mixtures within which function is difficult to dissect or control. Until now it has not been possible to access pure mimics of complex PTMs. Here we report a chemical tagging approach that enables the attachment of multiple modifications to bacterially expressed (bare) protein scaffolds: this approach allows reconstitution of functionally effective mimics of higher organism PTMs. By attaching appropriate modifications at suitable distances in the widely-used LacZ reporter enzyme scaffold, we created protein probes that included sensitive systems for detection of mammalian brain inflammation and disease. Through target synthesis of the desired modification, chemistry provides a structural precision and an ability to retool with a chosen PTM in a manner not available to other approaches. In this way, combining chemical control of PTM with readily available protein scaffolds provides a systematic platform for creating probes of protein-PTM interactions. We therefore anticipate that this ability to build model systems will allow some of this gene product complexity to be dissected, with the aim of eventually being able to completely duplicate the patterns of a particular protein's PTMs from an in vivo assay into an in vitro system.     

一类连续小波的构造及其性质

小波分析是国际上新兴的一个前沿研究课题,已成为众多学科共同关注的热点.小波函数的构造问题是小波理论分析与应用研究的基础.文章提出了一类连续性小波函数的构造方法,同时证明了其满足允许条件,并利用该方法构造出了几个小波函数,同时利用MATLAB程序绘出了相应的小波函数及其Fourier变换(频谱)图.     

增强现实中虚拟物体的投影注册算法研究

研究增强现实的关键技术之一的虚拟物体注册技术,使增强现实系统中的增强信息更具有真实感,结合三色基准注册技术,借助三维空间中的坐标系变换和立体投影变换算法,建立增强现实系统中虚拟物体投影注册模型,提出并推导增强现实系统的虚拟物体立体视觉投影注册算法,该算法能够很好地实现已知几何描述的虚拟物体从其自身坐标系到增强现实系统坐标系的转换,并能够生成具有视差的左右眼立体图像,本算法结合视点的三然基准算法完整地实现了用于增强现实的三维注册。     

基于VC和VIP的面向对象知识表示

知识表示是人工智能研究的基本问题之一。通过在 Visual C+ +的类中引入Visual Prolog的推理机制提出了一种基于 VC和 VIP的面向对象知识表示方法 ,完善了 Visual C+ +对象的推理功能 ,进一步增强了面向对象的知识表示能力以及 VisualProlog的接口和计算能力 ,并通过实验验证了方法的性能     

小鼠的生殖特性及阴栓

耳科、妇科、产科、计划生育、生殖医学中心及胚胎干细胞等医学科学研究中,常需要准确确定小鼠妊娠天数或获取适龄胎鼠,故选择适龄雌雄小鼠,鉴定动情期,恰当比例适时合笼,是确保小鼠受孕的关键;而识别阴栓是重中之重,这将直接影响实验进程和实验结果的精确度和可靠性。现就小鼠的生殖特性及阴栓作一简介,供广大科研人员参考。