Effects of salicylate on water and electrolyte content of human red blood cells

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass Natriumsalicylatin vitro auf menschliche Erythrozyten einendirekten Einfluss ausübt, indem es den Kaliumgehalt vermindert und den Natriumsowie den Wassergehalt vermehrt. Diese Wirkung, die auchin vivo beobachtet werden kann, dürfte die Folge einer Energieverarmung sein, die durch eine Entkopplung der oxydativen Phosphorylierung zustande kommt.     

A periodic shear-heating mechanism for intermediate-depth earthquakes in the mantle

Intermediate-depth earthquakes, at depths of 50-300 km in subduction zones, occur below the brittle-ductile transition, where high pressures render frictional failure unlikely. Their location approximately coincides with 600 to 800 degrees C isotherms in thermal models, suggesting a thermally activated mechanism for their origin. Some earthquakes may occur by frictional failure owing to high pore pressure that might result from metamorphic dehydration. Because some intermediate-depth earthquakes occur approximately 30 to 50 km below the palaeo-sea floor, however, the hydrous minerals required for the dehydration mechanism may not be present. Here we present an alternative mechanism to explain such earthquakes, involving the onset of highly localized viscous creep in pre-existing, fine-grained shear zones. Our numerical model uses olivine flow laws for a fine-grained, viscous shear zone in a coarse-grained, elastic half space, with initial temperatures from 600-800 degrees C and background strain rates of 10(-12) to 10(-15) s(-1). When shear heating becomes important, strain rate and temperature increase rapidly to over 1 s(-1) and 1,400 degrees C. The stress then drops dramatically, followed by low strain rates and cooling. Continued far-field deformation produces a quasi-periodic series of such instabilities.     

Urämie durch kontinuierliche Verabreichung von Hypophysen-Hinterlappenhormon

Summary Starving and thirsting rabbits were injected subcutaneously every three hours with two units of commercial posterior lobe extract (Glanduitrin Richter).The concentration of the urines, as measured by nitrogen and freezing-point determinations, declined sharply after an initial rise of three or four days duration. This hyposthenuria was accompanied by an azotaemia of 300–500 mg%. Such values are observed otherwise only in the last stages of kidney insufficiency. The concentrating power of the kidneys of control animals deprived of food and water was not impaired, the rise of N.P.N. unimportant. The origin of this posterior lobe uraemia is discussed. Hyposthenuria and not oliguria was found to be the important feature of the condition.